User:Everyday I'm Buffering/sandbox

Project Animal: Chicken

Week 4

Top articles

1. Tastes like chicken (Interesting)
2. Bird wing (tradeoff between wings and arms?)
3. Bird anatomy (doesn't talk about wings or feathers)
4. Long-crowing chicken
5. Bird

Week 5

Main article:

Galliformes (Flightlessness section) - I want more clarification on what makes Galliformes "flightless", anatomically and as a general definition.

Things I want to add:

• Link Bird wing article
• Are there certain flight styles that birds can have even though they are considered flightless?
• The linked Flightless bird article doesn't go into what makes a bird anatomically flightless, I would also like to add some pictures comparing the similar wing structures of a bird that can fly and one that cannot

Week 6

The main article I will be editing is Flightless bird, in the "Morphological changes and energy conservation" section it talks about key differences between flying and flightless birds. I would like to add some pictures that shows the skeletal and possible muscular differences, specifica

lly the presence vs absence of the Keel (bird anatomy), the muscle structures that connect to the keel that are required to power the wings for flight, and possibly a vague idea of the bird wing to body ratio needed for Bird flight

Comparison of charadriiform and sphenisciform sterni

Image:

The image shows the sternum of the swimming birds and I plan on comparing it to an image of a flying bird sternum

Week 9

Peer Review summary on Comparing flying vs. flightless bird sternum draft:

• Incorporate a little more research on the anatomy of the bird wing and link that to the function and reasoning behind morphological differences behind the flying vs. flightless bird sternum.
  • Provide citation and more context for this
• Clearly indicate what my project animal is and an idea of what my group members are working on (note: we are not working on the same articles or topics)
• Draft changes in the "Morphological changes and energy conservation" section that I plan to edit, so it is easier for others to understand
• As I put my ideas into sentences, make sure that they are smoothly incorporated into the existent text

Week 11

Anatomy of rooster sternum (Page 17) BHL22847391

I have added an image of a bird sternum that originally came from a book called "Artistic anatomy of animals". It provides a good explanation to the difference in development of the Keel (bird anatomy), which is what I'm focusing on for my edits, between flying and flightless birds. I also added an image of the Sternum/keel highlighted in blue to clearly show the structure of the keel/sternum and its location.

Original section I intend to edit:

Two key differences between flying and flightless birds are the smaller wing bones of flightless birds and the absent (or greatly reduced) keel on their breastbone. (The keel anchors muscles needed for wing movement.)........The name "ratite" comes from the Latin ratis, raft, a vessel with no keel. Their flat sternum is distinct from the typical sternum of flighted birds because it lacks a keel, like a raft. This structure is the place where flight muscles attach and thus allow for powered flight.

Sternum of bird, highlighted in blue

Week 12

This is the original text from my article that I want to add to. Everything that I intend to add are bolded and in Italics

Two key differences between flying and flightless birds are the smaller wing bones of flightless birds and the absent (or greatly reduced) keel on their breastbone. (The keel anchors muscles needed for wing movement.) The shape of the Keel corresponds to the potential level of flight the species of bird can possess. The Sternum is the start of the Pectoral muscles that extend onto the thoracic limbs, which function to pull the limbs towards the front of the body. This motion is used frequently in birds for flying or swimming, causing the pectoral muscles to further develop and resulting in the extended surface down the center of the sternum later known as the keel. The name "ratite" comes from the Latin ratis, raft, a vessel with no keel. Their flat sternum is distinct from the typical sternum of flighted birds because it lacks a keel, like a raft, flightless birds such as the ostrich, kiwi, and emu, lack a keel. This structure is the place where flight muscles attach and thus allow for powered flight.

Week 13

Note: I plan on including my edited version of the image on the anatomy of rooster sternum

What I type out below is going to be exactly what I put in the talk page of my chosen article:

I noticed that in the "Morphological changes and energy conservation" section, it talks about key differences between flying and flightless birds but doesn't go into much detail about the importance in the shape of the keel. This is the original text from the mentioned section of the page and everything that is bolded and in Italics are my suggestions on what can improve the section. I also included 3 citations and an image that shows the anatomy of the rooster sternum, including the keel.

Two key differences between flying and flightless birds are the smaller wing bones of flightless birds and the absent (or greatly reduced) keel on their breastbone. (The keel anchors muscles needed for wing movement.) The shape of the keel corresponds to the potential level of flight the species of bird can possess. The sternum is the start of the pectoral muscles that extend onto the thoracic limbs, which function to pull the limbs towards the front of the body. This motion is used frequently in birds for flying or swimming, causing the pectoral muscles to further develop and resulting in the extended surface down the center of the sternum later known as the keel. The name "ratite" comes from the Latin ratis, raft, a vessel with no keel. Their flat sternum is distinct from the typical sternum of flighted birds because it lacks a keel, like a raft, flightless birds such as the ostrich, kiwi, and emu, lack a keel. This structure is the place where flight muscles attach and thus allow for powered flight.

Artistic anatomy of animals by Cuyer, Édouard; Haywood, George (Page 17)