Salmagundi
| Alternative names | Salmi |
|---|---|
| Type | Salad |
| Place of origin | England |
| Main ingredients | Meats, seafood, vegetables, fruit, leaves, nuts and flowers, oil, vinegar, spices |
Salmagundi (or salmagundy or Sallid magundi) is a cold dish or salad made from different ingredients which may include meat, seafood, cooked vegetables, raw vegetables, fruits or pickles. It is often displayed in geometric patterns.[1]
Etymology
There is some debate over sense and origin of the word.[2] The word salmagundi may be derived from the obscure 16th century French word salmigondis which means disparate assembly of things, ideas or people, forming an incoherent whole.[3] Or in 'Glossographia of 1656 in Salamagundi is described as 'a dish of meat made of cold Turkey and other ingredients'. Or it may come from the Italian phrase 'salami conduit' (pickled meat).[4] Another theory is that it comes from the obscure 16th century Helen Sabeeri points out that the essential root word of salmigondis is 'sal- (salt or seasoning) and that the dish is 'usually a fish of some sort'.[1] It seems to appear in English for the first time in the 17th century as a dish of cooked meats, seafood, vegetables, fruit, leaves, nuts and flowers and dressed with oil, vinegar and spices. Salmagundi is used figuratively in modern English to mean 'any miscellaneous mixture or assortment'.[4] Salmagundi was a popular dish with pirates and buccaneers of the Caribbean West Indies. [5]
History
Seventeenth Century
Late in the seventeenth century, the name Salmagundi was applied to the grand salads of large houses. These compound salads descended from medieval herb and flower salads. Raw salads, according to food historian C. Anne Wilson, 'had never come under the same sort of disapproval as fresh fruit, partly because so many salad plants were thought to have medicinal properties. Moreover, in a skilfully mixed sale, aromatic herbs noted for their warm, dry qualities, could counteract the coldness of other kinds, such as lettuce, purslane or endive'. During the reign of Elizabeth I fruits and vegetables and hard-boiled eggs were added to them.[6]
Eighteenth Century Recipes
An early recipe for Salmagundi comes from A Collection of Above Three Hundred Receipts in Cookery, Physick, and Surgery: For the Use of All Good Wives, Tender Mothers, and Careful Nurses by Mary Kettiby (1734):
"To make a Cold Hash, or Salad-Magundy. TAKE a cold Turkey, two cold Chickens, or, if you have neither, a piece of fine white Veal will do; cut the Breasts of these Fowls into fair dices, and Mince all the rest; to the Quantity of two Chickens you must take eight or ten large Anchovies, wash and bone them, eight large pickled Oysters, ten or twelve fine green pickled Cucumbers, shred the Oysters, the Anchovies, the Cucumbers, and one whole Lemon small, mix them with the shred Meat, lay it in the middle of the Dish, lay the Dices of the white part round the Dish, with halv’d Anchovies, whole pickled Oysters, quarter’d Cucumbers, sliced Lemon, whole pickled Mushrooms, Capers or any Pickle you like; cut also some fine Lettice, and lay round among the Garnish, but put not Oil and Vinegar to the Minced Meat, till it comes to Table."[7]
A later recipe for Salmagundi from The Lady's Assistant for Regulating and Supplying Her Table by Charlotte Mason (1777) includes roasted chicken or roasted veal, boiled eggs, parsley, a herring, anchovies, beetroot and red cabbage. A saucer or china bason in placed in the middle of a dish and the ingredients are laid in rows, 'according to taste', the rows get narrower towards the top of the bowl. At the top butter.[8]"
Salad
"Salmagundi is more of a concept than a recipe. Essentially, it is a large composed salad that incorporates meat, seafood, cooked vegetables, raw vegetables, fruits, and nuts and is arranged in an elaborate way. Think of it as the British answer to Salad Niçoise."—[9]
See also
- List of salads
- Jamaican fish paste. The word is the origin of the name of another food, Solomon Gundy, a spicy Caribbean paste made of mashed, pickled herrings, peppers and onions. In Jamaica, Solomon Gundy refers more specifically to a dish made of salt herring and spices.[10]
References
- ^ a b Davidson, Alan (2014). The Oxford companion to food. Tom Jaine, Soun Vannithone (3rd edition ed.). New York, NY. ISBN 978-0-19-967733-7. OCLC 890807357.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ CRAIG CLAIBORNE The 'Salmagundi' Debate Continues; A Cold Salad Another Source January 16, 1978 New York Times
- ^ "The Free Dictionary". Farlex, Inc. 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-29.
- ^ a b HUGHES, GLYN (2017). LOST FOODS OF ENGLAND. [Place of publication not identified],: LULU COM. ISBN 0-244-02963-6. OCLC 1012656959.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ Marley, David (2010). Pirates of the Americas. Santa Barbara CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781598842012. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- ^ Wilson, C. Anne (1973). Food & drink in Britain : from the Stone Age to recent times. London: Constable. ISBN 0-09-456040-4. OCLC 859209.
- ^ Kettilby, Mary (1734). A collection of above three hundred receipts in cookery, physick, and surgery : for the use of all good wives, tender mothers, and careful nurses. London: London : Printed for the executrix of Mary Kettilby, and sold by W. Parker ... pp. 204–205. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
- ^ Mason, Charlotte (16 July 2022). "The Lady's Assistant 1777". Foods of England. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ Oland, Sydney (April 24, 2013). "Salmagundi Recipe". Serious Eats. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
- ^ The food of Jamaica: authentic recipes from the jewel of the Caribbean. John DeMers, Eduardo Fuss. Tuttle Publishing, 1998. ISBN 962-593-401-4, ISBN 978-962-593-401-3 Pg 123
Sources
- Richard Mabey, "Food for Free - A guide to the edible wild plants of Britain". 1972.
