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Iran International
Broadcast areaWorldwide
HeadquartersChiswick, London, UK
Programming
Language(s)Persian
Ownership
OwnerVolant Media UK Ltd
History
Launched19 May 2017; 7 years ago (2017-05-19)
Former names1080i (HDTV) 576i (SDTV)
Links
Websiteiranintl.com
Availability
Streaming media
Live FarsiWatch live
Radio Iran International
Frequency15630 kHz / 5830 kHz SW

Iran International (Template:Lang-fa) is a Persian language news television channel headquartered in London, UK, aimed at Iranian viewers,[1] and broadcasting free-to-air by satellite. Iran International was established in 2017 and is available online, via radio and via every satellite broadcasting to Iran.[2]

The channel has received media attention for its reporting on human rights violations, political developments, LGBTQ+ rights and women's rights in Iran[3][4] and has twice been nominated for International Channel of the Year by the Association for International Broadcasting.[5][6] It is also known that the channel has ties with the Saudi Arabian royal family, with some funding for the channel coming from people closely associated with the same.[7][8][9]

In 2022, an independent survey carried out by the Group for Analyzing and Measuring Attitudes in Iran (GAMAAN) and reported by the AIB[5] found that Iran International is the most influential source of independent news in Iran with 33% of the daily audience.[10] More than half of the 27,000 participants surveyed also reported that they trusted Iran International "a lot" or "to some extent".[11]

History and availability

Iran International was launched on 18 May 2017,[12] with the aim of serving the 80 million people that live in Iran and the Iranian diaspora around the world, in addition to informing and educating a global audience on the latest news and developments in Iran and across the Middle East.[13]

The channel is headquartered in London and broadcasts internationally, with a team of journalists that have joined Iran International from other Persian-language news channels including Manoto, Radio Farda, BBC Persian Service and Voice of America. It has bureaus in Istanbul, Paris and Washington D.C.[2]

Iran International broadcasts via the TürkmenÄlem 52°E / MonacoSAT satellite to a wide region of Europe and Asia (including Iran), and also transmits an audio relay of it receivable in Iran via shortwave radio (SW). It also broadcasts worldwide via online streaming through its website or streaming apps.[14]

Programming

Iran International studio

According to Middle East Eye, Iran International is a media platform for the Iranian opposition.[15] Kourosh Ziabari of Al-Monitor wrote it "does not shy away from presenting itself as an opposition media organization" and frequently gives the microphone to guests who criticize the Iranian government.[16] The channel has been referred to as an "Iranian exile news outlet" by Borzou Daragahi of The Independent.[17]

The channel is known for raising the profile of Reza Pahlavi, the last heir apparent to the former Iranian throne, by constant coverage and repeatedly interviewing him.[15] It also airs extensive coverage of People's Mujahedin of Iran (MEK), including live broadcast of their rallies.[7] The claim of responsibility for the Ahvaz military parade attack was made through Iran International.[18]

In 2020, the TV broadcast performance of Iranian singers who were flown in from the United States to the Winter at Tantora Festival.[15]

Iran International does not run television advertisements.[7]

News output

Iran International relies on a team of journalists around the world and reports on current affairs, health, technology, human rights violations, LGBTQ+ rights, women's rights and more.[2][19][20][21] The channel has reported extensively on the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran, the Iran Nuclear Deal and global politics.[22][23][24]

The channel also airs television shows on sport, culture and politics and has produced documentaries that have been nominated for awards by the Association for International Broadcasters.[25]

Exclusive stories

The channel has been the first to report on several exclusive news stories and has access to a network of whistleblowers and sources inside Iran.

Iran International reported exclusively on the extension of Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe's furlough,[26] and her partner Richard Ratcliffe has been a guest on the channel multiple times.[27] The channel was also the first to report that Iranian rapper Amir Tataloo was facing deportation back to Iran from Turkey,[27] and the sentencing of The Salesman star Taraneh Alidoosti.[28]

During the Covid-19 pandemic in Iran, the channel published exclusive documents pertaining to high level government corruption concerning Covid-19 medical supplies, with The Independent writing that the documents "purported to show how Iran regime figures intervened in the procurement of medical supplies to steer South Korean contracts for Covid-19 test-kits through shell companies towards conservative foundations controlled by cronies".[29]

Reporting on the execution of Navid Afkari, Iran International exclusively interviewed Amnesty International’s Iran Researcher and human rights lawyer Raha Bahreini, who told the channel that “with the secret and previously unannounced execution of Navid Afkari, the Islamic Republic authorities once again showed the ruthless and merciless of Iran’s judiciary system at the international level,”.[30]

Zarifgate

On 25 April 2021, Iran International obtained a leaked audio file of Iran's Foreign Minister, Mohammad Javad Zarif criticising the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, and claiming that the deceased commander of the Quds Force, Qasem Soleimani had taken Iran into the Syrian Civil War because Russian President Vladimir Putin wanted Iranian forces on the ground to complement the Russian air campaign in support of the Syrian Government.[31][32]

Zarif also mentioned that Russia had wanted to stop the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action and keep Iran at odds with the West.[33]

Elements of the recording also prompted US Republicans to call for the resignation of John Kerry from US President Joe Biden's National Security Council after Zarif revealed during the recording that Kerry had informed him of Israeli operations in Syria.[34]

Human rights

Iran International has reported on notable human rights violations across Iran, including the execution of Navid Afkari,[35][30][36] the killing of 14-year-old Romina Ashrafi,[37] the arrest and imprisonment of British-Australian academic Kylie Moore-Gilbert[38] and the amputation of four men in Iran for theft.[39]

Lesbian activist and journalist at Iran International, Aram Bolandpaz has produced several documentaries on the LGBTQ+ community inside Iran and has been a vocal critic of human rights violations against the community.[3][19]

In June 2020, Iran International reported on a series of honour killings and gender-based violence that took place in Iran,[40] with legal analyst and journalist at Iran International Nargess Tavalossian, the daughter of Nobel Prize winning activist Shirin Ebadi, speaking publicly to global media outlets about the increase in violence against women in the country.[40][4]

In addition to the execution of Navid Afkari, the channel has reported extensively on the arrest of political prisoners in Iran. The channel has reported on the arrest and possible execution of Iranian-Swedish medical doctor Ahmad Reza Djalali,[41] reports that 85 children face execution in the country,[42] and the arrest of award-winning film director Mohammed Rouslouf[43]

Staff

The head of TV is Mahmood Enayat,[44] and the Director of News is Aliasghar Ramezanpour,[45] who was the deputy Minister of Culture of Iran under former president Mohammad Khatami.[46]

In July 2019, Iranian media reported Mazdak Mirzaei, a football commentator and TV host joined Iran International. Mirzaei had worked for IRIB on the weekly TV sports program Navad, that was suspended by the new head of IRIB 3 in March 2019.[16]

In May 2020, Iran International senior journalist Omid Habibinia joined the team to start a new show called Titre Aval.[47] In September 2021, Iran International journalist Tajuden Soroush published several reports on Afghanistan following the 15 August 2021 Fall of Kabul.[48][49][50]

Ownership

Iran International is owned by Volant Media UK Ltd.[51] It is licensed in the United Kingdom to Global Media Circulating Ltd as an editorial news service based in London[52] and is managed by DMA Media Ltd, which has bureaus in Paris, Istanbul, Kabul and Washington.[53] Volant Media UK launched a sister channel in 2021, Afghanistan International.[54]

Corporate documents for Volant Media shows that another Saudi national, Fahad Ibrahim Aldeghither, was the major shareholder of Volant Media before Adel Abdukarim.[51] Aldeghither owned over 75% of the shares of Volant Media from May 2016 to May 2018.[51] Fahad Ibrahim Aldeghither was the chairman of Mobile Telecommunication Company Saudi Arabia (Zain) from March 2013 to February 2016. Zain Saudi is the third-largest telecoms provider in Saudi Arabia.[55]

Controversies and criticisms

Iran International's news and analysis has been cited in Western media publications including BBC News,[56] The Guardian,[57] The Sydney Morning Herald,[21] The Telegraph,[58] Fox News,[4] and The Independent[59] Staff at Iran International have also appeared as experts on BBC Radio 4, Sky News, Australian Broadcasting Corporation networks[60] and ITN.

Iranian complaint to Ofcom

In 2018 Iran's ambassador to the UK lodged a complaint to the media regulator because of Iran International's interview with a separatist group spokesman after they claimed responsibility for a terrorist attack on a military parade in Ahvaz in Khuzestan Province, killing 25 civilians and military.[61] The channel aired an interview with Yaqoub Hor Altostari, presented as a spokesman for the group, indirectly claiming responsibility for the attack and calling it "resistance against legitimate targets".[62] After a long investigation Ofcom ruled that Iran International did not breach any rules.[63][64]

Alleged lack of editorial independence

Though the TV station states that it "adheres to strict international standards of impartiality, balance and accountability",[8] questions has been raised regarding its editorial independence.[7][8]

In October 2018, The Guardian cited an unnamed insider who said that the editorial content had been influenced by its investors, but denied reports that funding came from Saudis tied to Saudi crown prince Mohammed bin Salman.[7]

According to The Wall Street Journal, "[some] journalists at Iran International have complained that management is pushing a pro-Saudi, anti-Islamic Republic line". WSJ quoted a former correspondent at the TV station commenting that "a systematic and very persistent push" was made during her time there.[8]

Union busting

Michelle Stanistreet, general secretary of National Union of Journalists (NUJ) told Press Gazette "[o]ur members at Iran International have faced intimidation and harassment for their work as journalists —that their rights of freedom of association should be trampled on in this way is a grave injustice and one that the NUJ will do all it can to rectify".[65]

On 10 July 2020, International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) released a statement and condemned union busting efforts made by Iran International, its refusal to engage with the UK government's non-departmental public body Acas to recognize a NUJ chapel, as well as what it called a "breach of international labour standards".[66] Iran International had signed a recognition deal with the British Association of Journalists (BAJ), which IFJ describes as a "sweetheart deal" with an "obscure journalists' union", and appointed a senior manager to represent staff while pressuring them to join BAJ.[66] NUJ stated that BAJ had no members there before the deal was made.[65] As of July 2020, BAJ claimed 20 members working at Iran International while NUJ said an "overwhelming majority" of the 140 workers are its members.[65]

On 15 July 2020, it was reported that Labour peer Lord John Hendy submitted a complaint to International Labour Organization (ILO) against the BAJ and Iran International.[67]

Persecution of Iran International staff

In December 2019, Shanti Das of The Times reported that Iran is waging an "intimidation campaign" against personnel of the TV station, freezing their assets, interrogating their relatives and "threatening to snatch them from British streets if they do not quit their jobs". Iran's Ministry of Intelligence had previously named the employees of Iran International as "enemy of the state", writing on its website that those who "serve foreigners" and "betray the country" will be punished.[68] The same publication wrote in May 2020 that Iran International is thought to be target of a state-sponsored programme that "has sought to discredit its reporting and trace its followers" by creating replicas of its social media accounts. Instagram was criticized for hosting the fake accounts.[69]

References

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  46. ^ https://www.rferl.org/a/iran-faith-healer-who-scared-the-regime/27189544.html: "Ali Asghar Ramezanpour...served as deputy culture minister under former reformist President Mohammad Khatami"
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