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Cantonment

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This article is about a military term. For the places named 'Cantonment', see Cantonment (disambiguation).

A cantonment (/kænˈtɒnmənt/, /kænˈtoʊnmənt/, or UK: /kænˈtuːnmənt/) is a military or police quarters.[1] In Bangladesh, India and other parts of South Asia, a cantonment refers to a permanent military station (a term from the colonial-era).[1] In United States military parlance, a cantonment is, essentially, "a permanent residential section (i.e. barrack) of a fort or other military installation," such as Fort Hood.

The word cantonment, derived from the French word canton, meaning corner or district,[2] refers to a temporary military or winter encampment. For example, at the start of the Waterloo campaign in 1815, while the Duke of Wellington's headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo–allied army of 93,000 soldiers were cantoned, or stationed, to the south of Brussels.[3]

List of permanent cantonments

Afghanistan

The former Sherpur Cantonment in Kabul, Afghanistan, which was the site of the Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment (1879) in the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–1880), is now maintained as a British Army cemetery.

Bhutan

The Indian Army maintains a training mission in Bhutan, known as the Indian Military Training Team (IMTRAT) which is responsible for the military training of the Royal Bhutan Army (RBA) and Royal Bodyguard (RBG) personnel. All RBA and RBG officers are sent for training at the National Defence Academy and the Indian Military Academy. Moreover, Project Dantak, a division of the Indian Border Roads Organisation and subdivision of the Indian Army Corps of Engineers, was established in Bhutan on 24 April 1961, with its first commanding officer, Colonel TV Jaganathan.[4] Project Dantak has since been responsible for the construction and maintenance of more than 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) of roads and bridges, Paro Airport, a disused airfield at Yongphulla Airport, heliports, and other infrastructure. These serve India's strategic defence needs, but also provide economic benefits for the Bhutani citizens.

India

Several cities among the Indian subcontinent, such as Ahmedabad, Ambala, Bellary, Belgaum, Bangalore, Danapur, Jabalpur, Kanpur, Bathinda, Delhi, Meerut, Pune, Ramgarh, Secunderabad, and Trichy, contained large cantonments of the former British Indian Army, with Meerut and Ramgarh being two of the most important cantonments in northern India, second only to the headquarters at Rawalpindi (now in Pakistan). Meerut was established in 1803 and for 150 years was the largest cantonment in the region. Although cantonments in India were considered to be semi-permanent in the 18th and 19th centuries, by the turn of the 20th century they had transitioned to being permanent garrisons. They were further entrenched as such, via the military reforms of Lord Kitchener in 1903, and the Cantonments Act of 1924.[5]

There are sixty-two "notified cantonments" in India, occupying an area of 157,000 acres:[6] twenty-five in Central Command, nineteen in Southern Command, thirteen in Western Command, four in Eastern Command, and one in Northern Command.[7] Major cantonments and garrisons include the following:[8]

Notified Cantonments

  1. Agra Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  2. Ahmedabad Cantonment, Gujarat, Southern Command
  3. Ahmednagar Cantonment, Maharashtra, Southern Command
  4. Varanasi Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  5. Ajmer Cantonment, Rajasthan, Southern Command
  6. Allahabad Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  7. Almora Cantonment, Uttarakhand, Central Command
  8. Ambala Cantonment, Haryana, Western Command
  9. Amritsar Cantonment, Punjab, Western Command
  10. Aurangabad Cantonment, Maharashtra, Southern Command
  11. Ayodhya Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  12. Babina Cantonment, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, Southern Command
  13. Badamibagh Cantonment, Jammu and Kashmir, Northern Command
  14. Bakloh Cantonment, Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
  15. Bareilly Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  16. Barrackpore, West Bengal, Eastern Command
  17. Belgaum Cantonment, Karnataka, Southern Command
  18. Bellary Cantonment, Karnataka, Southern Command
  19. Cannanore Cantonment, Kerala, Southern Command
  20. Chakrata Cantonment, Uttarakhand, Central Command
  21. Clement Town Cantonment, Uttarakhand, Central Command
  22. Dagshai Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
  23. Dalhousie Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
  24. Danapur Cantonment, Bihar, Central Command
  25. Dehradun Cantonment, Uttarakhand, Central Command
  26. Yol Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
  27. Dehu Road Cantonment, Maharashtra, Southern Command
  28. Delhi Cantonment, Delhi, Western Command
  29. Deolali Cantonment, Maharashtra, Southern Command
  30. Dum Dum Cantonment, West Bengal, Eastern Command
  31. Faizabad Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  32. Faizabad New Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  33. Fatehgarh Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  34. Ferozepur Cantonment, Punjab, Western Command
  35. Gopalpur Cantonment, Odisha, Central Command
  36. Jabalpur Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh, Central Command
  37. Jalandhar Cantonment, Punjab, Western Command
  38. Jalapahar, Darjeeling, West Bengal, Eastern Command
  39. Jammu Cantonment, Jammu and Kashmir, Western Command
  40. Jhansi Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Southern Command
  41. Jutogh Cantonment, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
  42. Kamptee Cantonment, Maharashtra, Southern Command
  43. Kanpur Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  44. Kasauli Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
  45. Khas Yol Cantonment, Kangara, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
  46. Kirkee Cantonment, Maharashtra, Southern Command
  47. Landour Cantonment, Uttarakhand, Central Command
  48. Lansdowne Cantonment, Uttarakhand, Central Command
  49. Lebong, Darjeeling, West Bengal, Eastern Command
  50. Lucknow Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  51. Mathura Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  52. Meerut Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  53. Mhow Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh, Central Command
  54. Morar Cantonment, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, Southern Command
  55. Nainital Cantonment, Uttarakhand, Central Command
  56. Nasirabad Cantonment, Rajasthan, Southern Command
  57. Pachmarhi Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh, Central Command
  58. Pune Cantonment, Maharashtra, Southern Command
  59. Ramgarh Cantonment, Jharkhand, Central Command
  60. Ranikhet Cantonment, Uttarakhand, Central Command
  61. Roorkee Cantonment, Uttarakhand, Central Command
  62. Saugor Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh, Southern Command
  63. Secunderabad Cantonment, Telangana, Southern Command
  64. Shahajahanpur Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  65. Shillong Cantonment, Meghalaya, Eastern Command
  66. St. Thomas Mount Cantonment, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Southern Command
  67. Subathu Cantonment, Shimla Hills, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
  68. Wellington Cantonment, Tamil Nadu, Southern Command

Unlisted Military Cantonments

[citation needed]

  1. Abohar Cantonment (Abohar, Punjab)
  2. Varanasi Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  3. Akhnoor Cantonment (Akhnoor, Jammu and Kashmir)
  4. Baddowal Cantonment (Ludhiana, Punjab)
  5. Bangalore Cantonment (Bangalore, Karnataka)
  6. Bikaner Cantonment (Bikaner, Rajasthan)
  7. Bhatinda Cantonment (Bhatinda, Punjab)
  8. Bhuj Cantonment (Bhuj, Gujarat)
  9. Bhopal Cantonment (Madhya Pradesh)
  10. Chandimandir Cantonment (Chandigarh)
  11. Faridkot Cantonment (Faridkot, Punjab)
  12. Fazilka Cantonment (Fazilka, Punjab)
  13. Gandhinagar Cantonment (Gandhinagar, Gujarat)
  14. Gopalpur Cantonment (Brahmapur, Orissa)
  15. Narengi Cantonment (Guwahati, Assam)
  16. Hisar Cantt (Hisar, Haryana)
  17. Itarana Cantonment (Alwar, Rajasthan)
  18. Jaipur Cantonment (Jaipur, Rajasthan)
  19. Jaisalmer Cantonment (Jaisalmer, Rajasthan)
  20. Jodhpur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
  21. Bharatpur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
  22. Joshimath Cantonment (Joshimath, Uttarakhand)
  23. Kapurthala Cantonment (Kapurthala, Punjab)
  24. Khasa Cantonment (Amritsar, Punjab)
  25. Kollam Cantonment (Kollam, India)
  26. Ludhiana Cantonment (Punjab)
  27. Mamun Cantonment (Pathankot, Punjab)
  28. Missamari Cantonment (Missamari, Assam)
  29. Nagrota Cantonment (Nagrota, Jammu & Kashmir)
  30. Pathankot Cantonment (Pathankot, Punjab)
  31. Patiala Cantonment (Punjab)
  32. Pithoragarh Cantonment (Pithoragarh , Uttarakhand)
  33. Dipatoli Cantonment (Ranchi, Jharkhand)
  34. Shahjahanpur Cantonment (Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh)
  35. Solmara Cantonment (Tezpur, Assam)
  36. Sri Ganganagar Cantonment (Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan)
  37. Suratgarh Cantonment (Suratgarh, Rajasthan)
  38. Thiruvananthapuram Cantonment (Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)
  39. Tibri Cantonment (Hoshiarpur, Punjab)
  40. Udhampur Cantonment (Udhampur, Jammu & Kashmir)
  41. Vadodra Cantonment (Vadodra, Gujarat)

Ghana

Nigeria

Cantonments in Nigeria refer to permanent military installations which house active personnel and their families. Cantonments in Nigeria include:

  • Airforce Cantonment, Ikeja, Lagos
  • Armed forces resettlement centre, Oshodi, Lagos
  • Army Ordnance Cantonment, (also known as Abalti Barracks), Yaba, Lagos
  • Arn Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
  • Badagry Cantonment, Badagry, Lagos
  • Dodan Cantonment, Ikoyi, Lagos
  • Ikeja Cantonment, Ikeja, Lagos
  • Marda Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
  • Navy Town, Ojo, Lagos
  • Ojo Cantonment (also known as Palm Barracks), Ojo, Lagos,
  • Bonny Camp, Victoria Island
  • Jaji military cantonment, kaduna,
  • Dalet cantonment, kaduna,
  • Mogadishu cantonment,
  • Abiyssinia cantonment,
  • .Burma cantonment,
  • Adshanti cantonment,
  • Nigerian Defence Academy, Afaka, Kaduna

Pakistan

Main article: Cantonment (Pakistan)

Singapore

In Singapore, the term is used to denote a police cantonment.[11]

South Africa

Sri Lanka

United States

The United States military commonly uses the term "cantonment" to describe the permanent facilities at U.S. Army training bases as opposed to the field training areas. Cantonment areas often include housing (such as barracks and maid-service quarters), dining facilities, training classrooms, exchanges, and paved air fields.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "cantonment". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.
  2. ^ "canton". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.
  3. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition Waterloo Campaign
  4. ^ "Project Dantak: Builds friendship & goodwill between India & Bhutan". www.aviation-defence-universe.com. 25 October 2018. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  5. ^ a b c Sheikh, M. O. Lahore Cantonment https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/momers_termpapers/ss153LahoreCantonment.htm&date=2009-10-26+02:56:58
  6. ^ "Annual Report 2018-19: Ministry of Defence" (PDF). mod.gov.in. Ministry of Defence. p. 131. Retrieved 4 May 2022. The Ministry of Defence owns approximately 17.57 lakh acres of land throughout the country managed by the three Services and other Organizations like DGDE, Ordnance Factory Board, DRDO, DGQA, CGDA etc. The Army has the maximum of the land i.e. 14.147 lakh acres followed by Air Force 1.40 lakh acres and Navy 0.44 lakh acres. The defence land inside the notified Cantonments is approximately 1.57 lakh acres and the remaining around 16.00 lakh lies outside the Cantonments
  7. ^ "Directorate General Defence Estates Main menu". Directorate General Defence Estates. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  8. ^ "Cantonment Boards". pib.gov.in. Press Information Bureau. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  9. ^ "Military: Khuzdar Cantonment" Global Security
  10. ^ "Sarhad Conservation Network® Reports: Book on Peshawar Cantonment Launched". 27 October 2009. Archived from the original on 27 October 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  11. ^ "Singapore Police Force". Archived from the original on 4 July 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
  12. ^ "Marseilles Training Center". www.il.ngb.army.mil. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Cantonment".

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