Bacillus mycoides
| Bacillus mycoides | |
|---|---|
| |
| Bacillus mycoides growing clockwise on an agar plate. | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Bacillota |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Order: | Caryophanales |
| Family: | Bacillaceae |
| Genus: | Bacillus |
| Species: | B. mycoides
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| Binomial name | |
| Bacillus mycoides Flügge 1886
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| Synonyms | |
|
Bacillus weihenstephanensis | |
Bacillus mycoides is a bacterium of the genus Bacillus. Like other Bacillus species, B. mycoides is Gram positive, rod-shaped, and forms spores. B. mycoides is distinguished from other Bacillus species by its unusual growth on agar plates, where it forms expansive hairy colonies with characteristic swirls.
Description
B. mycoides are rod-shaped cells about 1 micron across and 3 to 5 microns long. When growing, they either grow as single cells or form loosely connected chains of cells.[1] They are not motile. B. mycoides can survive with or without oxygen and grows at temperatures ranging from 10 to 15 °C to 35–40 °C.[1] B. mycoides is distinguished from a number of other Bacillus species in the unusual morphology of the colonies it forms when grown on agar plates. B. mycoides forms white opaque colonies that are characteristically hairy in appearance (often referred to as "rhizoid").[1] These colonies rapidly spread to fill the plate and are characterized by a repeating spiral pattern.[1][2] B. mycoides has the unusual property of being able to respond to mechanical force and surface structure variations in the media on which it is growing.[3]
Ecology and distribution
B. mycoides is present in a wide variety of environments, especially soil.[1]
Role in disease
B. mycoides are capable of causing disease in some fish, and were the reported cause of an outbreak of necrotic lesions in channel catfish in a commercial pond in Alabama.[1]
B. weihenstephanensis
In 1998 a new Bacillis species was described, and named Bacillus weihenstephanensis.<ref name="IJSB">{{cite journal |last1=Lechner |first1=Sabine |last2=Scherer |first2=Siegfrie |display-authors= et al. |title=Bacillus weihenstephanensis sp. nov. is a new psychrotolerant species of the Bacillus cereus group. |journal=International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology |date=1998 |volume=48 |issue=4 |pages=1373–1382 |doi=10.1099/00207713-48-4-1373 |pmid=9828439 |publisher=Microbiology So
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- ^ a b c d e f Logan NA, De Vos P (2015). "Bacillus". In Whitman WB (ed.). Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 1–163. doi:10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00530. ISBN 9781118960608.
- ^ Di Franco, C., Beccari, E., Santini, T., Pisaneschi, G., & Tecce, G. 2002. Colony shape as a genetic trait in the pattern-forming Bacillus mycoides. BMC Microbiol. 2, 33.
- ^ Stratford, JP; Woodley, MA; Park, S (2013). "Variation in the Morphology of Bacillus mycoides Due to Applied Force and Substrate Structure". PLOS ONE. 8 (12): e81549. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...881549S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081549. PMC 3855686. PMID 24324702.