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Archive 5←Archive 7Archive 8Archive 9Archive 10Archive 11→Archive 15

List looks very inconsistent and biased

From a brief look it includes also deported peoples in the numbers (like in genocides by Russia/USSR), and it doesn't include the largest genocide in history - by settlers of Americas, where 12 - 20 million people died

== Native American genocide While the huge a number of deaths of Native Americans is tragic, this is not genocide according to the UN definition, "genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group." You cannot sum up the acts of various individuals and groups acting independently and for different reasons over hundreds of years as having some intent to destroy the culture, even if that was the result.

You are certainly correct in that simply pointing at the huge death toll and broadly stating that "this is all a genocide" would be incorrect and inaccurate, it is absolutely incorrect to imply that many of the instances which took place during America's westward expansion after the revolution did not rise to the definition of genocide. There has long been a decided lack of scholarly work done on this very subject, in part the result of agency of American exceptionalism and a collective unwillingness to confront some of the more unpleasant aspects of the American historical record. This, along with attitudes, is beginning to change and a growing body of scholarly work is now being done in an attempt to give a voice to the millions of poor souls who never had one. The details of the American/California genocide have been well documented and certainly rise to the definition of genocide. It was also the first to be widely recognized as such because it was rather low-hanging fruit in the genocide field, so to speak;
  • California governor Peter Hardeman Burnett is on record calling for the extermination of the "Indian race" on the floor of the state legislature - multiple times
  • The state of California had established bounties and paid set rates for proof of death of men, women and children
  • The US federal authorities also paid these bounties to hired killers in California, receipts of which still exist today
  • US federal forces were loaned out for use by California state officials for use in their extermination campaign
  • California history records a litany of small, local conflicts during the era, called names like "The Mendocino County War" and so on, which were little more than euphemistic names for what in reality were acts of slaughter, usually against unarmed elderly, women and children, in native settlements where the men were away in resistance groups.
All of this, of course, was fueled by explosion of unrestricted mercantilism in the context of the gold rush which was taking place in the newly won state, recently and forcibly taken from Mexico. And yet in spite of the glaring evidence in support of this affair being a genocide, it was completely covered up or ignored by historians for decades. Its characterization as a genocide is still hotly resisted by many today who refuse to believe it or who believe that the quotes attributed to Burnett were "faked" along with receipts and legal/historical documents, etc. It is interesting to note that men like Peter Hardeman Burnett are still held in high regard as great historical figures and patriarchs, even in the official historical record of California. In just about every other nation on earth, Burnett would have been stripped of any historical accolades and called for what he was, a bloody, murderous architect of genocide. But American exceptionalism being what it is, this did not happen and probably will not happen. Any official change in the way which Burnett is viewed will be done as quietly and discreetly as possible. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Daystrom (talk • contribs) 14:34, 3 April 2022 (UTC)

I have to disagree. The extermination of the local population was an intended consequence of the colonization of the Americas. This is evidenced by: bounties put on the scalps of natives (Penobscot, Abenaki, et al), intentional distribution of smallpox infected items (Iroquois, Abenaki, and several other peoples), local government campaigns of extermination (King Philips War, Lenape Wars, Jamestown campaigns, et al) and US Government campaigns of extermination (Trail of Tear, Seminole Wars, Plains Wars, Western Campaigns and many many many more). The undisputed purpose of these actions was to eliminate the local populations to make the land available to the colonists that resulted in the deaths of 90% if the native population...a classic definition of Genocide. The only argument that can be made (and was made by the colonists of the time) is that the natives weren't "people" so it doesn't count...not a great argument. You can't brush off the truth just because it is uncomfortable. We need to include the lengthy and, in some cases, continued extermination of native peoples in the Americas on Wikipedia. Hawkeye762 (talk) 13:57, 15 March 2022 (UTC)Hawkeye

Other Indigenous American genocides to add?

Following the Indian Removal Act of 1830 the American government began forcibly relocating East Coast tribes across the Mississippi. The removal included many members of the Cherokee, Muscogee (Creek), Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw nations, among others in the United States, from their homelands to Indian Territory in eastern sections of the present-day state of Oklahoma. About 2,500–6,000 died along the Trail of Tears.[1] Chalk and Jonassohn assert that the deportation of the Cherokee tribe along the Trail of Tears would almost certainly be considered an act of genocide today.[2] The Indian Removal Act of 1830 led to the exodus. About 17,000 Cherokees, along with approximately 2,000 Cherokee-owned black slaves, were removed from their homes.[3] The number of people who died as a result of the Trail of Tears has been variously estimated. American doctor and missionary Elizur Butler, who made the journey with one party, estimated 4,000 deaths.[4]

Historians such as David Stannard[5] and Barbara Mann[6] have noted that the army deliberately routed the march of the Cherokee to pass through areas of a known cholera epidemic, such as Vicksburg. Stannard estimates that during the forced removal from their homelands, following the Indian Removal Act signed into law by President Andrew Jackson in 1830, 8,000 Cherokee died, about half the total population.[5] copied from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genocide_of_indigenous_peoples#Indian_Removal_and_the_Trail_of_Tears

though there is some dispute...

Historical views of Indian removal have been reevaluated since that time. Widespread contemporary acceptance of the policy, due in part to the popular embrace of the concept of manifest destiny, has given way to a more-somber perspective. The removals have been described by historians to paternalism,[7][8] ethnic cleansing,[9] or genocide. Historian David Stannard has called it genocide,[10][11] while Guenter Lewy has rejected this characterization.[12] ... Andrew Jackson's reputation has been negatively impacted by his treatment of the Indians. Historians who admire Jackson's strong presidential leadership, such as Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., would gloss over the Indian Removal in a footnote. In 1969, Francis Paul Prucha wrote that Jackson's removal of the Five Civilized Tribes from the hostile white environment of the Old South to Oklahoma probably saved them.[13] Jackson was sharply attacked by political scientist Michael Rogin and historian Howard Zinn during the 1970s, primarily on this issue; Zinn called him an "exterminator of Indians".[14][15] According to historians Paul R. Bartrop and Steven L. Jacobs, however, Jackson's policies do not meet the criteria for physical or cultural genocide.[8] copied from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_removal#Changed_perspective

Acts of brutality and systematic annihilation against the Taíno People of the Caribbean prompted Dominican friar Bartolomé de las Casas to write Brevísima relación de la destrucción de las Indias ('A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies') in 1542—an account that had a wide impact throughout the western world as well as contributing to the abolition of indigenous slavery in all Spanish territories the same year it was written. Las Casas wrote that the native population on the Spanish colony of Hispaniola had been reduced from 400,000 to 200 in a few decades.[16] His writings were among those that gave rise to Spanish Black Legend, which Charles Gibson describes as "the accumulated tradition of propaganda and Hispanophobia according to which the Spanish Empire is regarded as cruel, bigoted, degenerate, exploitative and self-righteous in excess of reality".[17][18] Historian Andrés Reséndez at the University of California, Davis asserts that even though disease was a factor, the indigenous population of Hispaniola would have rebounded the same way Europeans did following the Black Death if it were not for the constant enslavement they were subject to.[19] He says that "among these human factors, slavery was the major killer" of Hispaniola's population, and that "between 1492 and 1550, a nexus of slavery, overwork and famine killed more natives in the Caribbean than smallpox, influenza or malaria."[20] Noble David Cook, writing about the Black Legend conquest of the Americas wrote, "There were too few Spaniards to have killed the millions who were reported to have died in the first century after Old and New World contact." He instead estimates that the death toll was caused by diseases like smallpox,[21] which according to some estimates had an 80–90% fatality rate in Native American populations.[22] However, historian Jeffrey Ostler has argued that Spanish colonization created conditions for disease to spread, for example, "careful studies have revealed that it is highly unlikely that members" of Hernando de Soto's 1539 expedition in the American South "had smallpox or measles. Instead, the disruptions caused by the expedition increased vulnerability of Native people to diseases including syphilis and dysentery, already present in the Americas, and malaria, a disease recently introduced from the eastern hemisphere."[23] from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genocide_of_indigenous_peoples#Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas

References

  1. ^ Baird 1973.
  2. ^ Arthur Grenke (1 January 2005). God, Greed, and Genocide: The Holocaust Through the Centuries. New Academia Publishing, LLC. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-9767042-0-1.
  3. ^ Carter (III), Samuel (1976). Cherokee sunset: A nation betrayed: a narrative of travail and triumph, persecution and exile. New York: Doubleday, p. 232.
  4. ^ *Francis Paul Prucha (1 January 1995). The Great Father: The United States Government and the American Indians. U of Nebraska Press. p. 241 note 58. ISBN 978-0-8032-8734-1.
  5. ^ a b Stannard 1993, p. 124.
  6. ^ Mann 2009.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Wilentz was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference B&C was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference Zinn2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference Lewey2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference FPPrucha was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference Zinn2015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ Cite error: The named reference Mann2009 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. ^ Juang 2008, p. 510.
  17. ^ Gibson, Charles. "The Colonial Period in Latin American History". Hathi Trust. Service Center for Teachers of History. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  18. ^ Maybury-Lewis 2002, p. 44.
  19. ^ Trever, David. "The new book 'The Other Slavery' will make you rethink American history". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 20 June 2019.
  20. ^ Reséndez, Andrés (2016). The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 17. ISBN 978-0547640983.
  21. ^ Noble David Cook (13 February 1998). Born to Die: Disease and New World Conquest, 1492–1650. Cambridge University Press. pp. 9–14. ISBN 978-0-521-62730-6.
  22. ^ Arthur C. Aufderheide, Conrado Rodríguez-Martín, Odin Langsjoen (1998). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Paleopathology. Cambridge University Press. p. 205. ISBN 0-521-55203-6
  23. ^ Ostler, Jeffrey (2009). Surviving Genocide: Native Nations and the United States from the American Revolution to Bleeding Kansas. Yale University Press. p. 13.

Possibly the biggest genocide in history 50-100 million lives yet we appear to have stumbled. HuttonIT (talk) 14:29, 13 April 2022 (UTC)

The Holocaust (1941-1945)

The minimum estimated number currently listed is too low. It was revised downward by X-Editor on Jan. 8, 2022. However, contrary to what the editor stated, this estimate is outdated. In fact, Yad Vashem's Jewish victims names database has amassed a list of 4.8 million names and most modern estimates actually have revised upward to over 6 million. Therefore, the original 5.1 million should stand as the low estimate and the edit reverted.

https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2020/01/25/archivists-are-racing-to-identify-every-jewish-holocaust-victim

--theraefactor (talk) 01:21, 29 April 2022 (UTC)

About Kazakh

please Kazakh genocide add Kazakh famine of 1931-1933 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Adilkhan Utepov (talk • contribs) 20:20, 7 September 2021 (UTC)

Indigenous people in USA

130 million Indigenous people in USA were killed by Europeans through slavery, rape, and war, making it the largest genocide in history despite authorities refusing to call it one. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.129.82.254 (talk) 17:36, 18 February 2022 (UTC)

There is no question that within the framework of the colonization of the western world, i.e., North, Central and South America, there occurred the largest collected assemblage of genocidal acts in the history of mankind, all of which were rooted in the same general cause, namely said colonization. In fact if one were to back back out the focus, away from just the so-called 'New World', acts of European colonization in general throughout the globe (Africa, Asia, etc) resulted in a global death toll of staggering proportions with numbers which would be hard to get your head around. All of this was a result of a perfect storm which consisted of the birth of the age of mercantilism coupled with the invention of gunpowder-based firearms and advancements in seafaring technology. In fact, it is interesting to note that for all the deservedly bad press that the institution of aristocracy gets, it was the waning and the ultimate failure of these archaic institutions which led directly to the rapid rise of European colonialism, underpinned by the rapidly expanding wealth of the merchant classes and a nascent middle class, agencies which were completely new to the power dynamic in most European countries - and this could be traced back to the power shift which began taking place after the apocalyptic Black Death. But I digress...
You are quite correct that there has been both a concerted and an unconscious effort to obfuscate responsibility for what took place by European and local North American polities. All of this coupled with the agencies of national loyalty, jingoism, American exceptionalist, etc, have conspired to quite thoroughly and completely sweep the unpleasant truth about the horrible crimes which took place neatly back into the ashbin of history. And while these agencies are still very strong, things and more importantly, attitudes, are beginning to change. It is important that we are now beginning to deconstruct what occurred in an organized and scholarly way, identifying the individual acts of genocide which took place and providing peer-reviewed research and data to in order to support the history of these forgotten peoples. For too long it was convenient for those who were in power to simply try and hide the crimes which occurred by just placing them within the sweeping context of "bad things will happen" but it was mostly the other guy (Spanish, British, etc). Both Europeans and the new nations which came after must own their part in these horrific crimes. And I am confident that they will, although it will take time. But at least things are moving in the right direction.
Daystrom (talk) 13:48, 3 April 2022 (UTC)

Native american geocide

Where is the number of native american people lost in the genocide? 74.211.60.165 (talk) 05:12, 22 May 2022 (UTC)

What was agreed above is that what happened in the Americas is treated as multiple different genocides. So, there isn’t a single row for the Native American genocide, but there are rows for the California genocide etc. I think some Native American genocides haven’t been added yet, even though we’ve talked about them here. Bondegezou (talk) 06:21, 22 May 2022 (UTC)

Add Holodomor

Add Holodomor. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2001:569:7d8e:5300:8487:c9d6:b8a7:44a9 (talk)

Holodomor and the Soviet deportations are not considered genocide by most Historians. Holodomor could be moved to a list saying it is disputed since a minority of scholars like Timothy Snyder and a number of Ukrainian historians have recently argued against the consensus, but the deportations are not considered genocides by any scholars that I'm aware of, and are usually considered ethnic cleansing without genocidal intent, and would more properly belong in a section on ethnic cleansing or forced population transfers.Chilltherevolutionist (talk) 09:02, 25 May 2022 (UTC)
I think you meant to put this under this section rather than the native American one. Taking the liberty of moving it. I've read some of the modern literature on this and they indicate that the labeling of the famines as genocides is historical revisionism equivocating fascism and Leninism, and downplaying the Holocaust. There is an archived discussion where I go further into this. KetchupSalt (talk) 15:43, 25 May 2022 (UTC)
Thank you. Yes, the Ukrainian nationalist diaspora has long labeled Holodomor as genocide and some scholars started putting forward this perspective in the 1980s but after the opening of the Soviet archives Robert Conquest retracted his claim that there was intentional killing of Ukrainians, and both the terror-famine thesis and those explicitly calling it genocide have been in a minority ever since. There has been a recent revival by academics at Harvard's Ukrainian Research Institute who rely on memoirs of survivors to try to rehabilitate the genocide claim, but this has been much more impactful on public opinion than academia. As it stands you have Harvard's program (heavily funded by conservative Ukrainian NGOs) where many (but not all, Hiraoki Kuromiya iirc is a notable exception) claim that the Holodomor is genocide, while almost every scholar outside of Ukraine disagrees. (And Ukrainian scholars hold heterodox views on many other things relevant to nationalism).
The Stalinist deportations on the other hand, are not really considered genocides by anyone. They're considered clear-cut ethnic cleansing, but not genocide. As it stands both Holodomor and the deportations are on the list despite this not conforming to the consensus of historians. Chilltherevolutionist (talk) 12:51, 27 May 2022 (UTC)
That is closer to the arguments of Douglas Tottle than any indication about academic consensus on the subject. The propaganda argument is based on labelling and demonizing “Ukrainian nationalist diaspora,” while ignoring academia with false statements about “consensus.” Holodomor studies is a legitimate and established field within genocide studies. —Michael Z. 19:14, 27 May 2022 (UTC)
We cannot compare Tottle, a propagandist who insisted the famine itself didn't happen, to the large body of work by scholars in several countries who have tried to use archival evidence to come to an accurate characterization of the famine. Many scholars have commented on the existence of this divide between Ukrainian scholars, and the majority of non-Ukrainian specialists. You might try to make an argument for why Ukrainian scholars might be better authorities, but that would still not make them a majority of the field.
There is academic writing on how Ukrainian diaspora NGOs, many with WW2 era Fascists among their founders, have played a heavy role in the formation of nationalistic mythologizing of Ukrainian history in the aftermath of the Orange Revolution. Per Anders Rudling and John-Paul Himka have peer-reviewed materials on this topic. Ukraine is far from alone in having nationalism influence their historiography.
Do you have any similar objections to my point on the fact that the Stalinist deportations are not considered genocides? Chilltherevolutionist (talk) 20:24, 2 June 2022 (UTC)
I don't like the "mixing of the cards" that is trying to attach the genocide label to any great dying, since it waters down the term. We should be very precise, and in particular I think we should follow the UN's definition which crucially requires intent. For example I've seen texts calling the US invasion of Iraq a genocide for killing over a million Iraqis. But the US' intent, however horrible, was never to wipe out the Iraqi nation. KetchupSalt (talk) 12:57, 29 May 2022 (UTC)
There are three categories of important definitions of genocide: academic, political, and legal. The genocide convention is not retroactive, so academic definitions become more important pre 1948, and political definitions for the modern implications.
That said, there are solid academic sources citing historical evidence about the intentionality of the Holodomor (e.g., Roman Serbyn’s 2007 “Smoking Gun” article).[1] —Michael Z. 16:32, 29 May 2022 (UTC)
Interesting source. It supports the point about incompetence that I have raised here previously, as for example Kossior does not have accurate information about the situation on the ground until it is much too late. Stalin's criticism backs this up. Unless both Kossior and Stalin are lying, which is possible. It also serves as a useful critique of Stalin's view on the national question, as Ukrainization seems to have made the situation worse. That also makes this a rather strange genocide, since it begins with a strengthening of the Ukrainian nation.
The herding of the peasantry into kolkhozes is certainly a recurring theme in the USSR under Stalin. How different is the Ukrainian SSR compared to the other SSRs in this respect? Was the establishment of the kolkhoz system in the RSFSR an attempt by Stalin to eliminate the Russian people "as such"? KetchupSalt (talk) 17:20, 1 June 2022 (UTC)
I don’t infer those things from the article.
You seem to disbelieve some accepted facts: have you read the Wikipedia article on the Holodomor? —Michael Z. 21:41, 1 June 2022 (UTC)

Should the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland be added to this list?

With an estimated death toll of between 200,000 to 600,000, the vast majority of which were Irish Catholics, it would be one of the larger ones.

It is considered a genocide by some historians, and ethnic cleansing at the very least. Irish Catholics owned 60% of the Island at the time he arrived, and when he left he had confiscated all but 8% of it.

He targeted only one group, Irish Catholics, and through war and famine killed 400,000, according to his own surveyor William Petty, out of a population of 1,600,000. 40% of the entire population. Modern estimates vary but the figure still usually stays between 20-40%. 89.124.30.78 (talk) 08:55, 2 June 2022 (UTC)

Per the main article on the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, a number of modern historians have described this as an ethnic cleansing campaign. Dimadick (talk) 08:17, 4 June 2022 (UTC)

Should the Ingrian Genocide be added?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genocide_of_the_Ingrian_Finns The population of the Ingrian Finns went from 143437 in 1939 to 92717 by 1959, then steadily sinking to 67359 by 1989, and then once again swiftly cutting in half to 34364 by 2002, and further down to 20708 by 2010. Iarmethodil (talk) 01:30, 7 August 2022 (UTC)

@Iarmethodil. I think that'd be fine. I think any article with "genocide" in the title should be OK to add to this list. Thanks for checking. –Novem Linguae (talk) 06:51, 8 August 2022 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 18 August 2022

Between 1492 and 1600, 90% of the indigenous populations in the Americas had died. That means about 55 million people perished because of violence. 2001:48F8:704A:CFB:19E8:D37B:97B9:2331 (talk) 23:23, 18 August 2022 (UTC)

 Not done: There was an RFC about this. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 23:28, 18 August 2022 (UTC)

Ranking

The biggest genocide in human history is Persecution of Hazaras but is not mention here. It started in 1880s and has continued till now. Near one million families have been persecuated in this horrible genocide (>65%) and now this ethnic group are liviving mostly in Central Afghanistan, Quette in Pakistan and other countries. Zaki Frahmand; 19 August 2022, 12:13 AEST.

Link to article? –Novem Linguae (talk) 02:26, 19 August 2022 (UTC)
It is clear, the alticle is genocide by death toll and talking about that too. ZakiFrahmand1 (talk) 04:06, 21 August 2022 (UTC)

Request to add "Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66"

@ScottishFinnishRadish:@ZakiFrahmand1:

Hi everyone.

I think that the Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66 should be added.

Let me know, thank you. LucaLindholm (talk) 22:20, 1 September 2022 (UTC)

I don't have strong feelings one way or the other. Is it commonly referred to as a genocide in reliable sources? ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 22:29, 1 September 2022 (UTC)
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