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Russellville, Arkansas

Coordinates: 35°16′42″N 93°8′13″W / 35.27833°N 93.13694°W / 35.27833; -93.13694
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Russellville, Arkansas
City
City of Russellville
Russellville Downtown Historic District, 2009
Russellville Downtown Historic District, 2009
Location of Russellville in Pope County, Arkansas.
Location of Russellville in Pope County, Arkansas.
Russellville is located in the United States
Russellville
Russellville
Coordinates: 35°16′42″N 93°8′13″W / 35.27833°N 93.13694°W / 35.27833; -93.13694
Country United States
State Arkansas
CountyPope
TownshipsDover, Galla, Illinois
IncorporatedJune 7, 1870; 154 years ago (1870-06-07)
Named forDr. Thomas Russell
Government
[1]
 • MayorRichard Harris (I)
 • CouncilRussellville City Council
Area
[2]
 • City
28.37 sq mi (73.47 km2)
 • Land28.30 sq mi (73.30 km2)
 • Water0.06 sq mi (0.17 km2)
Elevation
[3]
346 ft (105 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • City
28,940
 • Density1,022.54/sq mi (394.80/km2)
 • Metro
86,666 [1]
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code
72801, 72802, 72837, 72858
Area code479
FIPS code05-61670
GNIS feature ID0079154[3]
Major airportLIT
Websiterussellvillearkansas.org

Russellville is the county seat and largest city in Pope County, Arkansas, United States, with a 2021 estimated population of 29,338. It is home to Arkansas Tech University. Arkansas Nuclear One, Arkansas' only nuclear power plant is nearby. Russellville borders Lake Dardanelle and the Arkansas River.

It is the principal city of the Russellville Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Pope and Yell counties.

History

Settlement

Before the town was named Russellville, its vicinity was known as Chactas Prairie, The Prairie, or Cactus Flats.[4] Located on the southern edge of the Ozark Mountains and north of the Arkansas River, this setting was an ideal settlement area.[5]

In the early 19th century, Osage from Missouri hunted frequently in the valley where Russellville is now located. Between 1818 and 1828, the area was within a Cherokee reservation, but the Cherokee people were forcibly moved to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma) in 1828, and the land was made available for white settlers by the United States federal government.

The first house in what is now Russellville, a one-and-a-half-story hand-hewn log house, was built by J.C. Holledger in 1834.[6] One year later, Thomas Russell bought Holledger's house.[6] The first business to be established in the town was an 18 ft by 24 ft general retail store started by Jacob Shinn in 1854.[7] Shinn replaced the wood structure store with a masonry structure, a building completed in 1876 and which, still standing today, is known as the Shinn Building.[8] It was built at the junction of an east–west road from Lewisburg to Clarksville and a north–south road between Dover and the military road crossing at Norristown on the Arkansas River.[9] The intersection is now Main Street and Denver (formerly River) Street respectively. When the town's residents decided to name the town, it came down to two choices: Shinnville or Russellville, and Russellville won.[10]

American Civil War

As with the war with Mexico in the 1840s, many men of Russellville served in the state's military forces during the American Civil War. Local men served in the state forces early in the war, with many transferring to Confederate regiments by 1862. Several local men were also formed into at least two pro-Union companies. No great battles occurred in or near Russellville, though actions did take place late in the war at nearby Dardanelle (Yell County). While the war came to an official end in 1865, peace did not immediately return to the area. Many areas of Pope County were disrupted in the early 1870s by the turmoil of what came to be known as the Pope County Militia War.

Reconstruction era

The town grew slowly, but during the early 1870s the railroad was built and the town exploded commercially and experienced a boom in population. It connected Russellville to other towns in the area, and ran eventually from Ft. Smith to Little Rock, connecting other river valley towns such as Morrilton, Conway, Atkins, London, and facilitating trade among them. Russellville's first newspaper, the Herald, was founded in 1870. By 1876, the town boasted a population of approximately 800 serviced by fifteen stores, two cotton gins, and six doctors.

Incorporation as a city

On June 7, 1870, Russellville became an incorporated city.[11] Incorporation prompted a debate on moving the county seat, located in Dover since 1841, to one of two growing business centers adjacent to the new tracks. An act to move the county seat passed in the General Assembly in 1873[12] but was repealed during a special session of the General Assembly in 1874.[13] On March 19, 1887, an election was held on whether to move the county seat to Russellville or to Atkins. Russellville was selected by a margin of 128 votes out of 2,670 total votes cast.[14] The question on moving the county seat had also gone to the voters nearly a decade earlier on September 2, 1878, but the results were overturned in the courts.[15]

While formal education came to the Russellville area early with the founding of nearby Dwight Mission in 1820, most early schools were either private or by subscription. The Russellville Public School District was formed in 1870, the year the city was incorporated. By 1876, it had evolved into a nine-month school. By 1890, approximately 400 students attended in ten grades, and in 1893, the first class to attend through twelve grades graduated.

Most 19th-century residents of the area farmed for a living or, with the coming of the railroad, harvested timber. By the end of the century, Russellville and the surrounding area had become a prosperous coal-mining area, with the Ouita Coal Company being the first established. Other coal companies followed with deep mine shafts sunk north and south of town, which, by the 1950s, had given way to strip mining. Cotton became a profitable crop near Russellville; in the early 20th century, bales were sold from wagons in the middle of Main Street. Today, no coal is mined, and the cotton gins are gone.

20th century

Central Presbyterian Church, 1925

In 1906 the town suffered a massive fire in its central business district. The fire consumed nearly half of the buildings but they were quickly rebuilt, most within six months after the fire. In 1909 Arkansas Tech University was founded as an agricultural school, Arkansas Polytechnic College, and now has a student population of over 12,000 students between the Russellville and Ozark campuses. As of fall 2014, Arkansas Tech University is the third-largest institution of higher learning in the Natural State, preceded only by University of Arkansas at Fayetteville and Arkansas State University. With America's entry into World War II, many Russellville men enlisted or were drafted into the military. Many of the local men served in the 153rd Infantry. Battery D and Battery F of the 206th Coast Artillery Regiment of the Arkansas National Guard were initially stationed at ATU. Many of the men saw service in Alaska in what is known as the Williwaw War.

After the war, the construction of Interstate 40 in 1956 sparked Russelville's growth. The highway has been a boon to the area's growth, much like the railroad was in the 1870s. A major economic boost came as a result of the completion of a dam near the Arkansas River crossing between Dardanelle and Russellville in 1965. The dam created a lake, which led to the establishment of Lake Dardanelle State Park, a major tourist attraction in the area. The completion of the lock and power dam, a part of the McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System, which brings in between $1 to $2 billion in trade to the state each year, has greatly improved the area's business prospects. During the 1970s, the town, like so many other small American towns, witnessed the decentralization of its historic downtown area, due to the advent of large retail outlets such as Wal-Mart. Many of the historic buildings were left to decay or were torn down. Also in the 1970s, Arkansas' only nuclear power plant, Arkansas Nuclear One, was built just outside the city, on Lake Dardanelle. The plant brought more people and jobs to the city.

Geography

Russellville is located at 35°16′42″N 93°8′13″W / 35.27833°N 93.13694°W / 35.27833; -93.13694 (35.278429, -93.136820).[16] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 28.3 square miles (73 km2), of which 28.2 square miles (73 km2) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) (0.08%) is water. [citation needed] It is located on the Arkansas River.

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Russellville has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[17]

Climate data for Russellville Municipal Airport, Arkansas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1892–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 82
(28) 		89
(32) 		95
(35) 		100
(38) 		100
(38) 		109
(43) 		113
(45) 		115
(46) 		110
(43) 		99
(37) 		88
(31) 		81
(27) 		115
(46)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 50.3
(10.2) 		55.0
(12.8) 		64.3
(17.9) 		72.9
(22.7) 		80.3
(26.8) 		88.2
(31.2) 		92.5
(33.6) 		92.4
(33.6) 		85.6
(29.8) 		74.4
(23.6) 		61.8
(16.6) 		52.2
(11.2) 		72.5
(22.5)
Daily mean °F (°C) 40.0
(4.4) 		44.0
(6.7) 		52.5
(11.4) 		61.0
(16.1) 		69.6
(20.9) 		77.9
(25.5) 		81.8
(27.7) 		81.1
(27.3) 		73.6
(23.1) 		62.1
(16.7) 		50.5
(10.3) 		42.1
(5.6) 		61.4
(16.3)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 29.7
(−1.3) 		33.0
(0.6) 		40.8
(4.9) 		49.1
(9.5) 		59.0
(15.0) 		67.6
(19.8) 		71.1
(21.7) 		69.9
(21.1) 		61.7
(16.5) 		49.8
(9.9) 		39.2
(4.0) 		32.0
(0.0) 		50.2
(10.1)
Record low °F (°C) −11
(−24) 		−15
(−26) 		−7
(−22) 		24
(−4) 		32
(0) 		37
(3) 		49
(9) 		47
(8) 		32
(0) 		23
(−5) 		10
(−12) 		−3
(−19) 		−15
(−26)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.20
(81) 		3.10
(79) 		4.37
(111) 		4.83
(123) 		4.67
(119) 		3.35
(85) 		3.45
(88) 		3.51
(89) 		3.02
(77) 		4.06
(103) 		4.60
(117) 		4.25
(108) 		46.41
(1,179)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 7.9 9.2 11.5 10.0 12.5 8.7 9.6 8.5 8.1 9.7 8.9 9.1 113.7
Source: NOAA[18][19]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870240—
1880514114.2%
18901,321157.0%
19001,83238.7%
19102,93660.3%
19204,50553.4%
19305,62824.9%
19405,9275.3%
19508,16637.8%
19608,9219.2%
197011,75031.7%
198014,51823.6%
199021,26046.4%
200023,68211.4%
201027,92017.9%
202028,9403.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[20]

2020 census

Russellville racial composition[21]
Race Number Percentage
White (non-Hispanic) 19,978 69.03%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) 1,787 6.17%
Native American 172 0.59%
Asian 476 1.64%
Pacific Islander 16 0.06%
Other/Mixed 1,629 5.63%
Hispanic or Latino 4,882 16.87%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 28,940 people, 10,184 households, and 5,858 families residing in the city.

2010 census

As of the 2010 Census,[22] there were 27,920 people, 10,318 households, and 6,383 families residing in the city. The population density was 987.4 inhabitants per square mile (381.2/km2). There were 11,124 housing units at an average density of 393.4 per square mile (151.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 83.2% White, 5.5% Black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 6.7% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. 11.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 10,318 households, out of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.3% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.1% were non-families. 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.6% under the age of 18, 21.4% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $38,234, and the median income for a family was $49,440. Males had a median income of $30,133 versus $19,906 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,637. About 14.5% of families and 18.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.8% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Arkansas corporations Tyson Foods, Inc. and Innovation Industries Elevator Signal Fixtures are among the nearly fifty manufacturing plants employing more than 8,300 people. Overall, there are more than ten divisions of Fortune 500 companies located in Russellville. There is a diverse manufacturing base located in the city including: Frozen dinners, railroad crossties, elevator signal fixtures, parking meters, aluminum foil, graphite electrodes, Microplanes, and aircraft and automotive parts.

Media

Russellville's local newspaper is The Courier, which is published six days a week (every day except Monday).

ABOUT the River Valley magazine, a monthly publication[23] distributed across five counties (Pope, Yell, Johnson, Conway, and Logan) of the Arkansas River Valley region, is based in Russellville.

TV stations that reach Russellville are either from the Little Rock or Fort Smith markets as Russellville is on the "fringe" of both service areas. Russellville receives KFSM-TV (CBS) and KFTA-TV (FOX) from Fort Smith and KARK-TV (NBC) and KATV-TV (ABC) from Little Rock. The farther away from the city center one is, the likelihood becomes greater that one will receive the full package of channels from one market over the other (Fort Smith to the west and Little Rock to the east of town).

Several commercial radio stations serve the city, including KWKK-FM 100.9, KARV-AM 610 and KWXT-AM 1490, all of which are licensed to Russellville. In addition, radio stations KCJC-FM 102.3 and KCAB-AM 980 (both licensed to Dardanelle, AR); KVLD-FM 99.3 (licensed to Atkins, AR); KARV-FM 101.3 (licensed to Ola, AR) and KYEL-FM 105.5 (licensed to Danville, AR) have their studios in Russellville.

There are also two non-commercial radio stations operating in Russellville: KMTC-FM 91.1 and KXRJ-FM 91.9 (the radio station licensed to Arkansas Tech University).

Tourism

Russellville is known for its local music, art scene, and historic downtown area. The most notable of these events is the Art Walk. On the first Friday night of each quarter (March, June, September, and December), the city hosts the Downtown Art Walk, in which the public may listen to live music, taste wine and food, and appreciate, purchase and sell art while connecting with the community, as well as have their picture taken in the Alley.

Russellville hosts a variety of sporting events and fishing tournaments, due to its location on Lake Dardanelle. Russellville is also close to Mt. Nebo and other state parks such as Lake Dardanelle State Park. Also many people commute to Russellville on a daily basis from its surrounding areas, for both work and recreation.

Russellville is also home to the Pope County Fairgrounds, which hosts many events ranging from horse racing to fairs and conventions. At the end of every summer, Russellville is also host to the annual Pope county fair, which features rides, live music, livestock, games, and other forms of entertainment. The county fair attracts more than 50,000 visitors each year.[24]

Education

Russellville is home to Arkansas Tech University, which was founded in 1909 and as of 2014 has 12,003 students.

Russellville is within the Russellville School District, which operates Russellville High School.

Russellville is also home to the Alternative learning center, which is made up of SLC (student learning center), SDC (student detention center), and an adult education center. The SLC program allows failing students to get more individualized attention so that they can catch up with the rest of their classmates or attain their high school diploma. The SDC program serves like an in-school suspension and serves students ranging from middle to high school. The adult learning center allows high school dropouts to come back and obtain their high school diplomas or GEDs.[citation needed]

In 2013, Russellville was chosen as one of the filming locations for the independent Christian film "Cowboys and Jesus". One scene was filmed at Cyclone Stadium, depicting a football game in which locals from the area were invited to attend, appearing as "extras".[25]

Russellville power plant, Arkansas Nuclear One was featured in a 2011 episode of Aerial America on the Smithsonian Channel.[citation needed]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ "Russellville". Arkansas Municipal League. 2017. Retrieved March 19, 2017.
  2. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
  3. ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Russellville, Arkansas
  4. ^ West, D. Porter (1906). D. Porter West's Early history of Pope county; a story. Pope County, Arkansas. p. 9. Retrieved December 30, 2022. The situation is most beautiful, being a small prairie, dotted all over with nice little groves of trees.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ^ "Russellville Downtown Historic District". Nationa Park Service, National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. Retrieved February 16, 2023. This property is listed in the National Register of Historic Places in accordance with the attached nomination documentation...
  6. ^ a b Brown, Walter L. 1961. Dr. Thomas Russell: Founder of Russellville. Arkansas Historical Association.
  7. ^ "The Mammoth Brick Store (ad for J. L. Shinn)". The Russellville Democrat. No. Vol. III, No. 1. Russellville, Arkansas: Russellville Printing Association. January 25, 1877. p. 3. Established 1854 {{cite news}}: |issue= has extra text (help)
  8. ^ "Our Home Patrons - J. L. Shinn". Russellville Democrat. Russellville Arkansas. December 7, 1876. p. 2. This building stands over the identical spot where Mr. S. sold his first dollars worth of goods and was finished only last May.
  9. ^ D. F. Shall (1854). Colton's Railroad & Township Map of Arkansas (Map). J. H. Colton & Co.
  10. ^ West, D. Porter (1906). D. Porter West's Early history of Pope county; a story. Pope County, Arkansas. p. 9. Retrieved December 30, 2022. At the close of the war Mr. Jake Shinn returned home in 1847. He had saved his wages and opened up a small store; pointing west opposite to Mr. Hugh Wells. Shortly afterwards a number of neighbors from the settlement of the prairie casually met, and the question of a name for the town arose and the subject was discussed pro and con. Mr. Shinn's friends claimed the name upon the ground of his having the first store, Mr. Russell's for occupying the first house. The vote was taken and the result was the town was named Russellville.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ^ David L., Vance (January 23, 2017). "Russellville (Pope County)". Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture. Central Arkansas Library System. Retrieved March 19, 2017.
  12. ^ An Act entitled "An act to move the county seat of Pope County." (Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas (1873) ed.). Little Rock, Arkansas: Little Rock Printing and Publishing Company. April 25, 1873. p. 239. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
  13. ^ An Act to repeal An Act entitled An act to move the county seat of Pope County (Acts of the Genereral Assembly of the State of Arkansas Passed at the 1874 Special Session ed.). Little Rock, Arkansas: Gazette Book and Job Printing Office. p. 7. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
  14. ^ "Election Abstract". The Democrat. Russellville, Arkansas. March 23, 1887. p. 3. 1399 for Russellville, 1271 for Atkins
  15. ^ "Come, Let us Reason Together". The Democrat. No. 32 Vol. IV. Russellville, Arkansas. August 29, 1878. p. 2.
  16. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  17. ^ "Russellville, Arkansas Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  18. ^ "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
  19. ^ "Station: Russellville Muni AP, AR". U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
  20. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  21. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
  22. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  23. ^ aboutrvmag.com
  24. ^ "Home". popecountyfairarkansas.com.
  25. ^ Russellville football to play role in upcoming inspirational film
  26. ^ "Scott Bradley", ..Tom and Jerry Online.
  27. ^ "Scott Bradley (I) (1891–1977)", IMDb.
  28. ^ "Arkansas Governor Jefferson Davis". National Governors Association. Retrieved August 17, 2012.
  29. ^ "R. Trevor Drown". arkansashouse.org. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
  30. ^ "Trevor Drown". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
  31. ^ "Max Brantley, Andrea Lea joins GOP race for state auditor, July 2, 2013". Arkansas Times. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
  32. ^ "Home". edmeador21.com.
  33. ^ "Greg Standridge's Biography". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
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