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UDIK
Formation2013; 11 years ago (2013)
TypeNon-governmental organization
HeadquartersSarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Region served
territories of former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
ServicesHuman rights, activism
Coordinator
Edvin Kanka Ćudić
AffiliationsRECOM Reconciliation Network (2013–)
Websitewww.udik.org

UDIK, the Association for Social Research and Communications (Bosnian: Udruženje za društvena istraživanja i komunikacije/ Удружење за друштвена истраживања и комуникације), is the Bosnian non-governmental organization with offices in Sarajevo and Brčko.[2][3][4][5] It was founded in 2013 by Edvin Kanka Ćudić. Organization aimed to gather facts, documents, and data on genocide, war crimes, and human rights violations in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the former Yugoslavia.[6]

Human rights activities

Nationalism kills in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian is a recognizable UDIK's motto in the public[7]

UDIK was founded in 2013 by Edvin Kanka Ćudić. It aimed to gather facts, documents, and data on genocide, war crimes, and human rights violations in Bosnia and Herzegovina and former Yugoslavia.[8] UDIK works across national boundaries to assist post-conflict societies within the region reestablish the rule of law and deal with past human rights abuses. UDIK also implements a victim-oriented transitional justice programme with three principal components:[9]

  • Documentation
  • Justice and institutional reform
  • Culture of remembrance

UDIK was made up of independent members, intellectuals and professionals from different academic disciplines.

Other activities

Since its inception, UDIK supports the women's and LGBT rights.[10] Ćudić in several interviews said that the LGBT community, with the Romani people, is the most vulnerable community in Bosnia and Herzegovina. When the Bosnia and Herzegovina’s first LGBT Pride Parade was announced in 2019, UDIK immediately supported the parade.[11]

Activism

Commemorations

See also: Living monument
UDIK is located in Yugoslavia
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Locations where UDIK organized commemorations to the victims of the Yugoslav wars (1991-2001)[12]

Since 2013, UDIK has organized a large number of commemorations for the victims of past war in the former Yugoslavia (1991-2001). UDIK calls this commemorations the Living monument. The ceremonies were organized in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Sarajevo, Tuzla, Brčko, Zenica, Višegrad, Foča), Croatia (Zagreb, Vukovar) and Serbia (Belgrade, Prijepolje).[13][14][15] Thanks to this initiative, for the first time, many commemorations were organized. These commemorations were related to crimes against civilian victims of Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats.

The activities that got the most attention were the commemoration of the non-Bosniak victims of the crimes committed in Sarajevo's Kazani and commemorations of Serbian victims of the crimes in Operation Storm organized in Sarajevo and Zagreb.

Allegations of bias

The criticism generally falls into the category of alleged bias, often in response to UDIK's commemorations to the Yugoslav wars victims. Bias allegations include the organization's insistence on war crimes on Serbs or Croats which were committed by the ARBiH. Bosniak right-wing media in Bosnia think that certain crimes against Serbs or Croats which were committed by the ARBiH were legitimate military targets against the aggressor while UDIK believes that Bosniaks must take responsibility for the killings of civilians in those crimes.[16][17][18]

Researches

Publications about war crimes

UDIK is located in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Locations about which UDIK has published extensively on subjects such as war crimes, massacres and human rights violations of the Bosnian war (1991-1995)

Every year UDIK publishes documents about war crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina. UDIK has published extensively on subjects such as war crimes, massacres and human rights violations from 1992 to 1995 in Foča, Višegrad, Sarajevo's Grbavica, Trusina, Sarajevo's Kazani, Sanski Most, Bugojno, Grabovica, Sijekovac, Vlasenica, Zaklopača, Biljani, Čajniče etc.[19][20] On the 25th anniversary of the Srebrenica genocide, UDIK published a book with the names of the buried victims of genocide from 2003 to 2019.[21]

UDIK's publications about war crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina are available at the Library of Congress in United States.[22]

Central register of memorials

In December 2015, UDIK team began to research and compile a register of memorials for victims of the Yugoslav wars (1991-2001) including Albanians, Bosniaks, Croats, Montenegrins, Serbs and Others who were killed or disappeared during the armed conflicts in Yugoslavia (1991–2001) with the aim of creating the Central register of memorials on the territory of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) that would serve to curb attempts at historical revisionism and manipulative use of the numbers of victims.[23]

The register is based on analysis of documents from municipalities, cities, museums, tourist organizations, Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbian Orthodox Church, ministries of veterans including newspaper reports from the period, internet, publications, associations of veterans and families of the dead, etc.[24][25]

In 2016, UDIK published the first results of the Central register of memorials for Bosnia and Herzegovina, listing more than 2.100 memorials to the victims of Bosnian War. Next year, UDIK also published register about more than 1.200 memorials built in Croatia dedicated to the victims of Homeland War.[26][27] In 2018 UDIK published register about more than 300 memorials build in Serbia (without Kosovo) and Montenegro dedicated to the victims of Serbia and Montenegro in Yugoslav wars. The registry also included memorials dedicated to the victims of NATO bombing of Serbia and Montenegro.[28]

The Central register of memorials of the Yugoslav wars is still the only register of memorials to victims of the Yugoslav wars on the territory of the countries of the former Yugoslavia.[29]

Controversial memorials

Since 2017, UDIK has been conducting studies on controversial memorials that were built after 1991 in the countries of the former Yugoslavia, and which glorify fascism and hatred among the people of the former Yugoslavia. There are currently publications on controversial monuments in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia (without Kosovo). Analysis included monuments dedicated to Draža Mihailović, Alojzije Stepinac and Josip Broz Tito.[30][31]

Advocacy

Campaigns

See also: Kazani pit killings
Edvin Kanka Ćudić at the UDIK commemoration for Kazani in front of the Cathedral on October 25, 2014

Since 2014, UDIK has advocated the construction of a monument to the victims killed at Sarajevo's Kazani. UDIK started this campaign as the first non-governmental organization which commemorated victims of this war crime. Commemorations were organised in front of the Sarajevo's Cathedral.[32][33] Since 2017, UDIK has been demanding that the City of Sarajevo build a monument to the victims of this crime in the Kazani and in the center of Sarajevo. This is justified by the fact that Kazani is far from the Sarajevo, and that citizens need monument in the city for dealing with the past. In 2020, this UDIK's initiative was accepted by other Bosnian and international organizations. A year later, same initiative was also accepted by intellectuals and representatives of the victims of this war crime.[34][35] However, the initiative was rejected by the mayor of Sarajevo, Benjamina Karić. That is why the City Council started the construction of the monument in location of Kazani, without consultations for the initiators and victims. In September 2021 City Council of Sarajevo made a monument proposal.[36] On that proposal UDIK requested that name of perpetrator of the war crimes be written on the monument, and that the number of the mentioned victims on the monument is not final. The mayor refusef that request.[37]

Kazani monument was opened in November 2021 by the Benjamina Karić. None of the victims' representatives was present at the opening of the monument. That is why Edvin Kanka Ćudić stated for Oslobođenje: "The government made a monument to itself on Kazani".[38]

April 2022, United States Ambassador to Bosnia and Herzegovina Michael J. Murphy supported UDIK's idea about monument in Kazani.

Cooperations

Commemoration "The crimes in the Operation Storm are the responsibility of all of us", Zagreb 2014

Since 2013, UDIK has been a member of the RECOM Reconciliation Network. The RECOM Reconciliation Network is a network of civil society organizations from post-Yugoslav countries which advocate for the establishment of RECOM – the Regional Commission tasked with establishing the facts about all Victims of war Crimes and other serious human rights violations committed on the territory of the former Yugoslavia from 1 January 1991 to 31 December 2001.[39]

Since 2014, UDIK has been cooperating with organizations from Croatia and Serbia in the campaign "The crimes in the Operation Storm are the responsibility of all of us" in commemorate Serbian victims of the crimes in Operation Storm in Croatia.[40][41][42] In May 2015, Federal Ministry of Interior of the Bosnia and Herzegovina banned the Sarajevo's commemoration of Serbian victims of the crimes committed in Operation Storm. In May 2016 the same commemoration was banned by Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Croatia, but in the end it was held in Zagreb with high police security.[43]

In 2015, UDIK co-operated with the ICMP on the occasion of marking the International Day of the Disappeared, a commemoration designed to raise public awareness about the issue of missing persons from armed conflict and human rights abuses.[44]

In 2017, UDIK co-operated with the Sarajevo Film Festival in the Dealing with the Past program at the True Stories Market.[45]

In 2020, UDIK co-operated with the SENSE Transitional Justice Center and civil society organizations from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo and Serbia in the campaign "Srebrenica 25: Together against the denial virus" to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the Srebrenica genocide.[46]

In 2021, UDIK co-operated with the SENSE Transitional Justice Center and civil society organizations from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia in the campaign "Dubrovnik 1991: Targeting Monuments" to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the shelling of Old City of Dubrovnik.[47][48]

Bibliography

Publications published by UDIK:

In Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian

  • Ratni zločini u Brčkom ('92-'95): presude (Sarajevo, 2016)[49]
  • In memoriam Centar Sarajevo (1992-1995) (Sarajevo, 2016)
  • Ratni zločin na Kazanima: presude (Sarajevo, 2016, 2020)[50]
  • In memoriam Bosna i Hercegovina (1992-1995), vol. 1 (Sarajevo, 2016)
  • Ratni zločin u Trusini: presude (Sarajevo, 2017)
  • Ratni zločini u Višegradu: presude (Sarajevo, 2017)
  • Ratni zločini u Foči: presude (Sarajevo, 2017)
  • In memoriam Republika Hrvatska (1991-1995), vol. 1 (Brčko-Sarajevo, 2017)
  • Građanska memorijalizacija u Bosni i Hercegovini i Republici Hrvatskoj (Sarajevo, 2017)
  • Od Jugoslavije do Dejtona - Spomenici i kultura sjećanja kroz uticaj društveno-političkih sistema: Priručnik za predavače historije/istorije/povijesti (Sarajevo, 2017)
  • Ratni zločini na Grbavici: presude (Sarajevo, 2017)
  • Ratni zločini u Sanskom Mostu: presude (Sarajevo, 2017)
  • In memoriam Crna Gora i Republika Srbija, vol. 1 (Brčko-Sarajevo, 2018)
  • Spomenici i politike sjećanja u Bosni i Hercegovini i Republici Hrvatskoj: kontroverze (Sarajevo, 2018)
  • Putevima sjećanja: fotografski prikazi memorijalizacije u Bosni i Hercegovini (Sarajevo, 2019)
  • Ratni zločin u Grabovici: presude (Sarajevo, 2019)
  • Ratni zločin u Sijekovcu, predmet: Zemir Kovačević (Sarajevo, 2019)
  • Ratni zločini u Milićima i Vlasenici: presude (Sarajevo, 2019)
  • Nestali, sjećanja i mediji u postdejtonskoj Bosni i Hercegovini i regionu (Sarajevo, 2020)
  • Ratni zločin u Biljanima, predmet: Marko Samardžija (Sarajevo, 2020)
  • Izvještaj Vlade Republike Srpske o događajima u i oko Srebrenice od 10. do 19. jula 1995. (Sarajevo, 2020)
  • Srebrenica: 25 godina sjećanje na žrtve genocida (Sarajevo, 2020)
  • Ratni zločini u Čajniču: presude (Sarajevo, 2020)
  • Sarajevo: sjećanje na žrtve holokausta (Sarajevo, 2021)
  • Ratni zločini u Bugojnu: presude (Sarajevo, 2021)
  • Kultura sjećanja i strategije reprezentacije ratne prošlosti devedesetih u Bosni i Hercegovini, Hrvatskoj i Srbiji (Sarajevo, 2022)
  • Ratni zločini u Bugojnu, predmet: Nisvet Gasal i drugi, vol. 1 (Sarajevo, 2022)
  • Ratni zločini u Bugojnu, predmet: Nisvet Gasal i drugi, vol. 2 (Sarajevo, 2022)
  • Spomenici i politike sjećanja u Srbiji i Crnoj Gori: kontroverze (Sarajevo, 2022)
  • Selektivna memorijalizacija u Bosni i Hercegovini: pokušaji etnonacionalističkih politika da prekrajaju historiju i diktiraju politiku sjećanja i identiteta kroz spomenike i memorijalne komplekse (Sarajevo, 2023) − Dino Jozić

Translations into English

  • In Memoriam Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992-1995), vol. 1 (Sarajevo, 2016)
  • In Memoriam Republic of Croatia (1991-1995), vol. 1 (Brčko-Sarajevo, 2017)
  • In Memoriam Montenegro and Republic of Serbia, vol. 1 (Brčko-Sarajevo, 2018)
  • Monuments and the politics of memory in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia: controversies (Sarajevo, 2018)
  • Selective Memorialization in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Attempts of ethno-nationalist policies to rewrite history and dictate the politics of memory and identity through monuments and memorials (Sarajevo, 2023) − Dino Jozić

References

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  2. ^ "Performans ispred katedrale u znak sjećanja na Kazane, Odati počast svim žrtvama - Klix". klix.ba. 2015-10-25. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
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  14. ^ "Sjećanje na dan kada je ubijena tuzlanska mladost". nap.ba. 2015-05-25. Retrieved 2017-07-03.
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  17. ^ "Dva Srbina iz Kravice kao 8732 žrtve iz Srebrenice". novihorizonti.ba. 22 August 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  18. ^ "Zašto se UDIK nije sjetio žrtava Ahmića i Trusine na današnji dan?". opsadasarajeva.blogspot.ba. 22 August 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  19. ^ "Predstavljena knjiga o ratnom zločinu u Trusini". dnevni-list.ba. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  20. ^ "Promovirana publikacije: Ratni zločini na Grbavici-presude". vijesti.ba. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  21. ^ "UDIK objavio dvije publikacije povodom 25. godišnjice genocida". vijesti.ba. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  22. ^ "LC Online Catalog - Library of Congress". catalog.loc.gov. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  23. ^ "UDIK: U BiH izgrađeno je više od 2.100 spomenika koji su posvećeni borcima i civilima - novi.ba". novi.ba. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  24. ^ "U BiH nakon rata podignuto 2500 spomenika – Al-Jazeera Balkans". balkans.aljazeera.net. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  25. ^ "U Sarajevu predstavljanje Centralne evidencije spoemenika u BiH - vijesti.ba". vijesti.ba. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
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  28. ^ "U Srbiji 301 spomenik posvećen ratovima devedesetih i NATO bombardovanju". danas.rs. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
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  30. ^ "Odnos prema antifašizmu i ratovima devedesetih". oslobodjenje.ba. 3 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  31. ^ "Spomenici uglavnom ukazuju na patnju i stradanje samo jednog naroda". klix.ba. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  32. ^ "Članovi UDIK-a okupljeni u Sarajevu: Sjećanje na zločine počinjene na brdu Kazan". avaz.ba. 2014-10-25. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  33. ^ "Sarajevska najpoznatija javnatajna, Civilno društvo, page 56" (PDF). fes.ba. 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  34. ^ "Slobodankino pismo gradonačelnici Sarajeva: Zar nije ljudski?". 6yka.com. 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  35. ^ "Otvoreno pismo gradonačelnici Sarajeva: Spomen-obilježje žrtvama Kazana treba biti u centru grada". bhrt.ba. 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  36. ^ "Gradsko vijeće Sarajeva usvojilo prijedlog o podizanju spomen-obilježja Kazani". klix.ba. 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  37. ^ "UDIK: Kazani predstavljaju borbu Sarajeva za prošlost i budućnost, ono na tom putu bira stranu dobra ili zla". Oslobođenje. 2020-12-08. Retrieved 2020-12-22.
  38. ^ "Funkciju ne čine samo objave na društvenim mrežama, nekada treba imati hrabrosti za donošenje teških odluka: Vlast je podigla spomenik sebi". Oslobođenje. 2020-12-08. Retrieved 2020-12-22.
  39. ^ "RECOM members". recom.info. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  40. ^ "True Stories Market - Sarajevo Film Festival". sff.ba. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  41. ^ "Sećanje na nevino stradale i proterane tokom akcije "Oluja"". subotica.com. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  42. ^ "Državno organizirano poricanje zločina u Oluji i odgovornost svih nas". h-alter.org. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  43. ^ "Tri osobe povrijeđene na protestu protiv veličanja Oluje u Zagrebu". rtrs.tv. 22 August 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  44. ^ "International Day of the Disappeared 2015". icmp.int. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  45. ^ "True Stories Market - Sarajevo Film Festival". sff.ba. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  46. ^ "Campaign Together against the denial virus". sensecentar.org. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-10-15.
  47. ^ "Trideset je godina od granatiranja Dubrovnika, pogledajte fotografije i potresan film koji dokumentira ubijanje i paljenje grada. 'Mislila sam da ću umrijeti mlada...'". slobodnadalmacija.hr. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  48. ^ "Targeting monuments". sensecenter.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  49. ^ "Ratni zločini u Brčkom ('92-'95)-presude" (PDF). udik.org. 2017-08-05. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  50. ^ "Ratni zločini na Kazanima" (PDF). udik.org. 2017-08-05. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
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