Rodope montane mixed forests

Rodope montane mixed forests
Rodope montane mixed forests
	Forests near Smolyan in the Rhodope Mountains, southern Bulgaria
	Location of the Rodope montane mixed forests
Ecology
Realm	Palearctic
Biome	Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
Borders	Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests; Balkan mixed forests;
Geography
Area	31,689 km2 (12,235 sq mi)
Countries	Bulgaria; Greece; North Macedonia; Serbia;
Conservation
Conservation status	critical/endangered
Global 200	European-Mediterranean montane mixed forest
Protected	17,723 km² (56%)

The Rodope montane mixed forests is a terrestrial ecoregion of Europe defined by the WWF. It belongs in the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome and the Palearctic realm.

Geography

The Rodope montane mixed forests cover the higher parts of the Balkan Mountains, the Rhodope Mountains, Rila, Pirin, Vitosha, Sredna Gora, Ograzhden and Maleshevo, situated almost entirely in Bulgaria, as well as in some adjacent areas in Greece, North Macedonia and Serbia. They span an area of 31,600 km² and are replaced at lower altitudes by the Balkan mixed forests.

The number of species of vascular plants in the ecoregion are estimated at 3,000. The lower areas are covered with mixed deciduous woods, most prominently with European beech, Oriental hornbeam, European hornbeam and several oak species. The higher zones are dominated by coniferous forests — Scots pine, Bosnian pine, Macedonian pine, Bulgarian fir, Silver fir, Norway spruce, etc. The highest altitudes support shrubs, heath and Alpine tundra.

The Rodope montane mixed forests are sanctuary to a number of endangered mammal species, such as brown bears, wolves, European pine martens, European otters, wildcats and chamois. More common large mammals include roe deer, wild boars and foxes.

Most of the European birds of prey can be found in the region, including the rare Eastern imperial eagle, cinereous vulture and griffon vulture.

The Rodope montane mixed forests ecoregion holds a total of three national parks, all of them situated in Bulgaria, and they comprise the Central Balkan National Park, Pirin National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and Rila National Park.

^ Eric Dinerstein, David Olson, et al. (2017). An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm, BioScience, Volume 67, Issue 6, June 2017, Pages 534–545; Supplemental material 2 table S1b. [1]

v t e Palearctic temperate broadleaf and mixed forests ecoregions
Western Europe	Apennine Atlantic Azores Baltic Cantabrian Celtic English Lowlands Madeira North Atlantic Po Basin Pyrenees Western European
Eastern Europe	Balkan Central European Crimean Submediterranean Dinaric Mountains East European forest steppe Pannonian Rodope Sarmatic
West Asia	Caspian Hyrcanian Caucasus Central Anatolian Eastern Anatolian Euxine–Colchic Zagros Mountains
East Asia	Central China loess plateau Central Korean Changbai Mountains Changjiang Plain Daba Mountains Hokkaidō Huang He Plain Manchurian Nihonkai evergreen Nihonkai montane Northeast China Plain Qin Ling Mountains Sichuan Basin South Sakhalin–Kurile Southern Korea Taiheiyo evergreen Taiheiyo montane Tarim Basin Ussuri West Siberian