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EMD SD90MAC

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EMD SD90MAC and SD9043MAC
UP 8540, an SD90MAC Phase II
Type and origin
Power typeDiesel-electric
BuilderElectro-Motive Diesel (EMD)
Total produced478
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • AARC-C
 • UICCo’Co’
Gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Wheel diameter45 in (1,100 mm)
Length80 ft 2 in (24.43 m)
Loco weight415,000 lb (188,000 kg) (SD9043MAC) and 425,000 lb (193,000 kg) (SD90MAC-H & SD90MAC-H2)
Fuel capacity5,000 US gal (19,000 L; 4,200 imp gal)
Sandbox cap.40 cu ft (1.1 m3)
Prime moverEMD 16-710 G3C-T1 and EMD 16-265H
RPM range225-1,000 rpm
Engine typeV16 diesel
Traction motors6 Siemens 1TB2830 AC motors
Cylinders16
Cylinder size10.45 in × 11.80 in (265 mm × 300 mm)
Performance figures
Maximum speed70 mph (113 km/h)
Power output
  • SD9043MAC: 4,300 hp (3,210 kW)
  • SD90MAC: 6,000 hp (4,470 kW)
Tractive effortsmall engine (SD9043MAC) : 185,000 lbf (820 kN) starting, 147,000 lbf (650 kN) continuous
large engine (SD90MAC-H and SD90MAC-H2) : 200,000 lbf (890 kN) starting, 165,000 lbf (730 kN) continuous

The EMD SD90MAC is a model of 6,000 hp (4,470 kW)[1] C-C diesel-electric locomotive produced by General Motors Electro-Motive Division (EMD). It is, with the SD80MAC, one of the largest single-engined locomotives produced by EMD, surpassed only by the dual-engined DDA40X.

The SD9043MAC is the 4,300 hp (3,210 kW) variant, using a 16-cylinder 710G engine instead of the H-engine, which was originally intended as a temporary alternative while EMD tried to solve the H-engine's issues. However, the accompanying upgrade program was never utilized by its customers.

The SD90MAC's features include radial steering trucks with AC traction motors and an isolated safety cab which is mounted on shock absorbers to lessen vibrations in the cab. The SD90MAC, like the SD80MAC, SD70ACe, and SD70M-2, has a wide radiator section, nearly the entire width of the locomotive, which along with their size makes them easy to spot.

As of 2019, some SD90MACs are still in service on the Union Pacific. Norfolk Southern had rostered 110 SD90MAC locomotives purchased or traded from Union Pacific or the CIT Group respectively, that have now all been rebuilt as EMD SD70ACU locomotives. Canadian Pacific has also opted to convert their small fleet of long-stored SD90MACs into SD70ACUs as well.

History

Union Pacific SD9043MAC locomotive No. 8027

The SD90MAC was introduced in 1995, along with the SD80MAC locomotives. The SD90MAC was designed to utilize the new 16-cylinder H-engine, while the SD80MAC was designed to use the 20-cylinder version of the existing 710G engine. However, technical problems with the 6,000 horsepower (4,500 kW) engine resulted in the first locomotives being shipped with 4,300 hp (3,210 kW) 16-cylinder 710G engines, making them similar to the SD70MAC's. These locomotives were informally designated SD9043MAC by railroads that purchased them with the option to re-engine them with 6,000 hp (4,470 kW) engines when they became available.[2] This upgrade program, however, was never taken advantage of by SD90MAC buyers due to reliability issues with the newer engine. Over 400 SD90MAC locomotives fitted with the 4,300 hp (3,210 kW) 710 engine were built.

In 1996, Electro-Motive Diesel entered full production on their 6,000 hp (4,470 kW), 16-cylinder H-engine, and all SD90MACs made from then on used that for its prime mover. Locomotives fitted with this engine are sometimes referred to as SD90MAC-H locomotives. Later versions of the SD90MAC-H feature a Phase II cab, with a new nose which offers higher visibility from the cab than the old nose. The SD90MAC-H did not prove popular with railroads and less than 70 were built, including Electro-Motive Diesel demonstrator units. Since the SD90MAC-H had such a large prime mover, it didn't offer the same operational flexibility as smaller units, limiting its possible customer base to only the largest railroads. Also, since the H-engine was a new design, it hadn't reached the same level of reliability as EMD's previous engine. The low reliability on such a large engine was an especially bad combination since the loss of one engine in a train meant the loss of a larger percentage of pulling power than had a smaller engine failed. In the end, the SD90MAC-H was only delivered to two railroads, the Union Pacific Railroad and the Canadian Pacific Railway.[2] The Canadian Pacific locomotives were part of an earlier order for 710-engine equipped SD90MAC locomotives that was still in production when Electro-Motive Diesel switched over to the H-engine.

Electro-Motive Diesel also tried offering a lower-power version of the SD90MAC with a 12-cylinder engine called the SD89MAC, but none were produced other than the prototype.

Specifications

Norfolk Southern Railway 7332 in Ohio

Prime mover (EMD 710):

  • EMD V16 710G3C-T1
  • Power Output - 4,300 hp or 3,210 kW
  • Idle - 200 rpm
  • Full Speed - 950 rpm

Prime mover (EMD 265):

  • EMD V16 EMD GM16V265
  • Power Output - 6,000 hp or 4,470 kW at 1,000 rpm
  • Idle - 200 rpm
  • Full speed - 1,000 rpm

Traction motors:

  • 6 Siemens 1TB2830 AC motors mounted 3 each on 2 HTCR-2 radial self-steering trucks.
  • Rated output - 855 hp or 638 kW
  • Gearing - 83:16
  • Wheel size - 45 in (1,143 mm)
  • Max revolutions - 3,435 rpm
  • Starting torque - 16,300 N⋅m or 12,022 lbf⋅ft
  • Continuous torque - 12,900 N⋅m or 9,515 lbf⋅ft
  • Maximum voltage - 2,183 V

Performance (parenthesis indicate H-Engine equipped specifications):

  • Maximum speed - 70 mph (113 km/h)
  • Starting tractive effort - 185,000 lbf (820 kN) and 200,000 lbf (890 kN))
  • Continuous tractive effort - 147,000 lbf (650 kN) and 165,000 lbf (730 kN))
  • Braking effort - 115,000 lbf (510 kN)[3]
  • Weight - 210 short tons (188 long tons; 191 t)/420,000 lb or 190,500 kg[4]

Fleet rosters

Canadian Pacific

CP 9112 being transported south on the CP Emerson Subdivision, to be converted to an SD70ACU.
  • 9100-9160 (SD9043MAC): Units were at one time up for sale in "as is" condition, but no buyer was ever found. Some units had been intermittently placed into freight service to help combat motive power shortages.[1] 30 of them will be rebuilt in 2019 as EMD SD70ACUs and renumbered 7000-7029.[5] It was later announced that the order would be upped to 60 units in total, using the remainder of the 58 usable cores from the long-stored SD90MAC fleet and buying two SD90MACs from the Union Pacific to make up the difference. In 2021, Canadian Pacific purchased 40 more SD90MACs from Union Pacific for further continuation of the SD70ACU rebuild program.
  • 9300-9303 (SD90MAC-H): These were scrapped in Lachine, QC. [2]

CEFX

  • 100-139 (SD9043MAC) (Lease Fleet) 10 units traded to Norfolk Southern for 15 MP15DCs.

EMLX

Indiana Rail Road

  • 9001-9013, 9025 (SD9043MAC) (Long-term lease from CEFX).

Norfolk Southern

  • 7229-7338 (SD9043MAC); NS purchased 100 units in September 2014 from EMD/Progress Rail. Those units are ex-UP. 10 units were acquired from CEFX in June 2016, in exchange for 15 MP15DCs. All units have been converted to SD70ACUs.

Union Pacific:

  • 8000-8308 (SD9043MAC); most of them were renumbered 3470-3775 to make room for new GE ES44ACs. Both the Norfolk Southern and Canadian Pacific have purchased locomotives from Union Pacific's fleet for SD70ACU rebuilds; in September 2014, Norfolk Southern purchased 100 of these and in 2019 and 2021 Canadian Pacific purchased 42 of these in total.
  • 8500-8561 (SD90MAC-H. Fleet Retired, some after less than 5 years of service. 8500, 8523-8561 to EMLX Lease fleet, 8501-8522 renumbered 8911-8931. Retired in late 2008-2009. Sold to Metro East Industries in Alorton, Illinois. Scrapped mid to late 2009.

Fortescue Metals Group

  • 901-904 (SD90MAC-H)
  • 905-909 (SD9043MAC): Rebuilt from SD90MAC-H for use in Australia at the Juniata ShopsCite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).

See also

References

  1. ^ "Gm Emd: Sd90Mac". www.gmemd.com. Archived from the original on 10 December 2001. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  2. ^ a b Johnston, Howard (2005). Jane's Train Recognition Guide. London: Collins. pp. 440–441. ISBN 0-06-081895-6.
  3. ^ Shop, The Diesel. "EMD SD90MAC Data Sheet". The Diasel Shop. The Diesel Shop. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  4. ^ http://www.sze.hu/~szenasy/VILLVONT/Diesel-Electric_Loco_SD90MAC_EN.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  5. ^ "Progress Rail to upgrade CP units". 26 June 2018.
  6. ^ Clark, Peter (2012). An Australian Locomotive Guide. Rosenberg Publishing. p. 220. ISBN 9781921719554.
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