Lion of Merelani
The Lion of Merelani is a tsavorite gemstone from Tanzania that is in the collection of the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC. The gemstone weighs 116.76 carats, has 177 facets, and is an intense green color. It is the largest known tsavorite gemstone. It was donated in the memory of Campbell R. Bridges, the gemologist who discovered tsavorite, who was murdered in 2009. It is the largest fine gemstone ever to be cut in the United States
Background
Campbell Bridges was a Scottish gemologist who spent most of his life in Africa. He discovered tsavorite in northeastern Tanzania in 1967. Tsavorite is a variety of garnet, and its green color comes from trace amounts of vanadium. In 1970, he discovered deposits of tsavorite in Kenya, with transparent crystals large enough to be made into gemstones, and began providing the stones to Tiffany and Company for jewelry within a few years.[1]
Bridges continued mining tsavorite and other gems in Kenya, working with his son Bruce Bridges, until he was murdered by a gang of illegal miners in 2009. Bruce Bridges continued his father's mining company, Bridges Tsavorite.[2]
Discovery
In 2017, a rough tsavorite crystal weighing 283.74 carats was found in the Merelani Hills mining district of Tanzania. It was displayed at a gem show in Hong Kong, where Bruce Bridges purchased it and decided to have it cut as a tribute to his father.[1][3]
Cutting
Bridges hired award winning gem cutter Victor Tuzlukov to cut the stone at his company's facility in Tucson, Arizona.[4] Born in Russia, Tuzlukov is now based in Bangkok.[5]
Planning for the cutting began in February, 2018, and continued for three months. Tuzlukov used a 3D model of the rough stone to create a synthetic Yttrium aluminium garnet duplicate for the purpose of practicing the cutting. He also practiced on a 31.57 carat tsavorite, worked nine to eleven hours a day for five days on the smaller stone. The actual cutting of the larger tsavorite took about a month. The entire process was thoroughly documented from beginning to end. The finished stone is a square cushion cut with 177 facets.[5] "The material is amazing," according to Tuzlukov, who said "It’s not only a pleasure but an honor for me to cut this".[3]
Donation
After briefly exhibiting the stone in Tucson, Bridges named it the "Lion of Merelani" after the district in Tanzania where it was found, and donated it to the Smithsonian’s National Gem & Mineral Collection in 2022 in honor of his father. It went on display at the National Museum of Natural History in 2023.[2] The donation was also credited to Somewhere in the Rainbow, a private gem collection.[1]
Descriptions
According to the Gemological Institute of America, it is "the largest gemstone of any kind, cut in the United States".[5] The Washington Post called it "hypnotic, a miniature green hall of mirrors".[2] Smithsonian mineralogist Jeffrey Post said "This tsavorite is truly one of the most important colored gemstones to have been mined this decade".[3] WTOP-FM called it "one of the most finely detailed colored gemstones in the world".[4]
References
- ^ a b c Tamisiea, Jack (April 20, 2023). "The Story Behind the Smithsonian's Newest Gem: the Exquisite Lion of Merelani:The stunning tsavorite gemstone arrives at the museum with a well-documented history". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved April 24, 2023.
- ^ a b c Ruane, Michael E. (April 19, 2023). "A stunning gem, to honor a slain geologist, unveiled at Smithsonian: Discoverer of a beautiful green mineral was slain in Kenya by robbers 14 years ago". Washington Post. Retrieved April 24, 2023.
- ^ a b c McLemore, Loren (April 19, 2023). "This 116-Carat Tsavorite Is Now in the Smithsonian: Named the "Lion of Merelani," the gem will be displayed at the D.C. museum along with the story of its cutting". National Jeweler. Retrieved April 24, 2023.
- ^ a b Abjedwe, Tadiwos (April 19, 2023). "Rare gem: Smithsonian Natural History Museum unveils dazzling green 'Lion of Merelani'". WTOP-FM. Washington, DC. Retrieved April 24, 2023.
- ^ a b c Pay, Duncan; Hogarth, Erin (Spring 2019). "Revealing "The Angel in the Stone": The Largest Known Square Cushion-Cut Tsavorite". GIA Reseach News. Carlsbad, California: Gemological Institute of America. Retrieved April 30, 2023.