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Typhoon Angela

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For other storms of the same name, see Tropical Storm Angela and Typhoon Rosing (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with 1867 Angela typhoon.
Super Typhoon Angela (Rosing)
Super Typhoon Angela (Rosing) at peak intensity nearing Philippines on November 1, 1995
Meteorological history
FormedOctober 25, 1995
DissipatedNovember 7, 1995
Violent typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds215 km/h (130 mph)
Lowest pressure910 hPa (mbar); 26.87 inHg
Category 5-equivalent tropical cyclone
1-minute sustained (SSHWS)
Highest winds285 km/h (180 mph)
Lowest pressure872 hPa (mbar); 25.75 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities936 total
Damage$315 million
Areas affectedMicronesia, Philippines, South China, Vietnam
IBTrACSEdit this at Wikidata
Part of the 1995 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Angela, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Rosing, was a catastrophic Category 5-equivalent typhoon with 180 mph (290 km/h) sustained winds, and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 1995. Typhoon Angela was the third storm in a row that struck the Philippines, following Yvette and Zack. Typhoon Angela was the twenty-ninth tropical cyclone, and the fifth super typhoon of the moderately active 1995 Pacific typhoon season.

Angela caused PHP 9.33 billion worth of damage across the Philippines, in addition to 882 fatalities. It was the strongest typhoon to hit the Philippines in 25 years, and the costliest in 5 years.

Meteorological History

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The monsoon trough that developed Yvette and Zack spawned another tropical depression on October 25 in conjunction with a tropical disturbance that originated in the Marshall Islands. It moved to the west, organizing very slowly to become a tropical storm on October 26.[1] Two days later Angela became a typhoon, and from the October 31 to November 1 Angela rapidly intensified to a 180 mph (290 km/h) super typhoon; while Japan Meteorological Agency and Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration reported that it had reached its peak wind speeds of 130 and 112 mph (209 and 180 km/h), respectively. It maintained that intensity as it sliced westward, slamming the Philippines on November 2 as a slightly weaker 160 mph (260 km/h) typhoon.[2] Angela continued to the west-northwest, where upper-level winds caused it to dissipate on November 7 over the Gulf of Tonkin.[3]

Impact, records, and retirement

Angela approaching Luzon on November 2
Typhoon Angela packed winds of 115 knots when this shot was taken with an Electronic Still Camera (ESC) from the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Columbia on October 30, 1995

More than 900 people died due to the typhoon. It wreaked havoc over Metro Manila, Calabarzon and Bicol Region. Initially it caused 9.33 billion pesos of damage, but later on it grew into 10.829 billion pesos.[4]

Provinces that were under PSWS Signal #4 during the passage of Typhoon Rosing (Angela)

Throughout the affected area, more than 96,000 houses were destroyed, along with bridges and roads. The worst impact was in the Bicol Region. Angela passed almost right over Manila, causing a significant impact both there and in Catanduanes. In Calauag, storm surge and flooding from a dam failure killed 121 people. In nearby Paracale, mudslides killed more than a hundred people. Power outages affected one third of the country.[5]

Angela's 872 (910 according to the JMA) mbar pressure reading makes it one of the strongest typhoons on record. While this is low by the standards of any sea-level location, it is still behind Typhoon Tip,[6] the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded.[7] However, Angela is an unofficial contender for world's most intense tropical cyclone. In a study utilizing the Dvorak technique for analysis of post-1987 typhoons, the authors concluded that Angela and 1992's Gay were higher on the scale than Tip. The authors also thought that Angela might have been slightly more intense than Gay, and hence Tip.[8]

Angela was the strongest typhoon to hit the Philippines since 1970's Joan.[1] A weather observatory in Catanduanes reported winds of 260 km/h (160 mph). This makes it the typhoon with third-highest windspeeds recorded in the Philippines.[9]

Due to high death toll and catastrophic damages, the PAGASA officially retired the name Rosing in the rotating naming lists and it was replaced by Rening, which was used once in the 1999 season.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Super Typhoon Angela (29W)" (PDF). 1995 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. p. 170. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2008-11-02.
  2. ^ "Super Typhoon Angela (29W)" (PDF). 1995 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. p. 171. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2008-11-02.
  3. ^ "Super Typhoon Angela (29W)" (PDF). 1995 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. p. 173. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2008-11-02.
  4. ^ David Michael Padua & Dominic Alojado (2008-06-10). "11 Worst Typhoons in the Philippines". Typhoon2000.com. Archived from the original on 2008-10-16. Retrieved 2007-02-04.
  5. ^ "Super Typhoon Angela (29W)" (PDF). 1995 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. p. 175. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2008-11-02.
  6. ^ Dunnavan. "Typhoon Tip (23)" (PDF). 1979 Annual Typhoon Report. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. p. 73. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
  7. ^ Chris Landsea (2006-11-28). "Subject:E1) Which is the most intense tropical cyclone on record?". FAQ: Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Tropical Cyclones. Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory Hurricane Research Division. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
  8. ^ Karl Hoarau; Gary Padgett & Jean-Paul Hoarau. "Have There Been Any Typhoons Stronger Than Super Typhoon Tip?" (PDF). American Meteorological Society.
  9. ^ David Michael Padua & Dominic Alojado (2008-06-11). "Strongest Typhoons of the Philippines (1947 - 2006)". Typhoon2000.com. Archived from the original on 2008-09-28. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
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