Jump to content

Emergency contraceptive availability by country

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Glane23 (talk | contribs) at 14:18, 17 May 2023 (add archived link to dead link reference). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Main article: Emergency contraception

This table includes a list of countries by emergency contraceptive availability.[1]

(LNG refers to Levonorgestrel and UPA refers to Ulipristal acetate).

Country Region Availability Over the counter Non-prescription Age restriction Cost Awareness Notes
Afghanistan Asia Import only Red XN Red XN [2]
Albania Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None[3] €15,60 (UPA)

€4,50 (LNG)

66-75%[4][5] "Currently, Postinor-2 (LNG) is the only EC brand available in Albania as there is a stock out of NorLevo in the country for unknown reasons."[6]
Algeria Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) [7]
Andorra Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (16 and over) Under 16s require parental consent[8] €20 – €26 (UPA)

€6,1 – €7,8 (LNG)

[9]
Angola Africa Green tickY(34%) Red XN Red XN 580 - 2950 AKZ 23.5%[10][11] [2]
Antigua and Barbuda Caribbean Green tickY Red XN Green tickY Some restrictions [12]
Argentina South America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY Over 14 Free at all public hospitals in Buenos Aires [13][14]
Armenia Caucasus Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Aruba Caribbean Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None [15]
Australia Oceania Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) None[16] $20–$30 (LNG)[17] 97%[18] [19] "Pharmacists can refuse supply on religious grounds, but must refer the woman to another supplier"[16]
Austria Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €31,90 (UPA)

€12,90–13,50 (LNG)

≥84%[20] [21] Common misconception that it acts like an abortifacient[20]
Azerbaijan Caucasus Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Bahamas Caribbean Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) Only available in family planning clinics [15]
Bahrain Asia Red XN Red XN Red XN [2]
Bangladesh Asia Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None ৳24,00

Free (government clinics)[22]

"Relatively unknown", 2001[23] [24]
Barbados Caribbean Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) Access restricted due to misinformation[25][26]
Belgium Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €24,99 (€15,99 if <21 years old) (UPA),

€8,55–€9,85 (€0–€0,85 if <21 years old) (LNG)

Fully reimbursed under prescription if under 21 [27][21]
Belarus Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) None €17 (UPA)

€10 (LNG)

[28]
Belize Central America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) [29]
Benin Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Bhutan Asia Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY Over the counter EC introduced in 2018[30]
Bolivia South America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY None Bs55.50 [31]
Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe Green tickY Red XN Red XN €25,30–30,00 (UPA)

€14,50–22,50 (LNG)

Anecdotally available without prescription[32]
Botswana Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) [33]
Brazil South America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY None Free at most public hospitals, R$35 otherwise [34][35]
Brunei Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN 30BND (LNG) Available with a Drs prescription from private clinics [2]
Bulgaria Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None (UPA)

Over 16 (LNG)

€22,00 (UPA)

€15,00 (LNG)

≥84%[20] [36]
Burkina Faso Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Burundi Africa Green tickY (31%)[37] Red XN[11] Green tickY 22.9% Women can be refused service by providers, and it is dissaproved of by church leaders. Many are secretive about contraceptive use.[37][38]
Cameroon Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Cambodia Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN
Canada North America Green tickY Green tickY (except Saskatchewan) Green tickY (LNG only) [39][40]
Canada (Quebec) North America Green tickY Red XN Red XN [39][40]
Cape Verde Africa Red XN Red XN Red XN Possibly due to small population [2]
Central African Republic Africa Green tickY Red XN Red XN
Chad Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Chile South America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY None [41]
China Asia Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Colombia South America Green tickY Red XN Red XN
Comoros Africa Import only Red XN Red XN [2][11]
Congo, Democratic Republic of Africa Green tickY (LNG only) Red XN Red XN XOF 1200 23% (2015, Kinshasa)[42]
Costa Rica Central America Red XN Red XN Red XN Due to active opposition [2]
Croatia Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY LNG only available without prescription if over 16 years old €25,60 (UPA)

€21,40 (LNG)

[43][21]
Cuba Caribbean Green tickY Red XN Green tickY [44]
Curaco Caribbean Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) None [45]
Cyprus Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €29,42 (UPA) Only UPA is available due to financial crisis [46][21]
Czech Republic Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY† None (UPA)

†Under 17s need a prescription (LNG)

€24,50 (UPA)

€21,00 (LNG)

≥84%[20] [47][48]
Denmark Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €23,36 (UPA)

€12,45 (LNG)

45%[49] [50][21]
Djibouti Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Dominican Republic Central America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
East Timor Oceania Red XN Red XN Red XN Due to conflict in the region [2]
Ecuador South America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (only at public health clinics) None Free at public health premises [13][14]
Egypt Africa Green tickY Red XN Red XN [51]
El Salvador Central America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Equatorial Guinea Africa Import only [2] Pregnant girls are forced to leave school.[52]
Eritrea Africa Import only [2]
Estonia Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY (LNG only) €18,73 (UPA)

€15,79 (LNG)

[53]
Ethiopia Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Fiji Oceania Import only [2]
Finland Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY None €33,60 (UPA)

€18,87 (LNG)

>90%[54] Sometimes provided free of charge in hospitals and family planning clinics[55][56][21]
France Europe Green tickY Green tickY (LNG only) Green tickY €18,88 (UPA)

€6,75 (LNG)

LNG is free for under 18s. LNG and UPA are free from family planning clinics[57][58][21]
Gabon Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY 49%[59]
Gambia Africa Import Only Red XN Red XN [60][11]
Georgia Caucasus Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Germany Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY Parental consent if under 14 years old[61] €30 (UPA)

€18 (LNG)

If under 20 years old, free with prescription[62][63]
Ghana Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY None 4-19 Cedis 64%[59] [64]
Greece Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €25.77 (UPA)

€7 (LNG)

[21][65]
Guatemala Central America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) None [66]
Guinea-Bissau Africa Import only [2]
Guinea-Conakry Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Guyana Caribbean Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) Guy $1000-$2500 30% [67]
Haiti Caribbean Green tickY 19%[68] / 58%[69] [2]
Hungary Europe Green tickY Red XN Red XN Anecdotally easy to get without prescription along borders[70]
Honduras Central America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY N/A N/A After having been available one for cases of rape, it became legal for universal access in March 2023. [71] [72]
Hong Kong Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN [73]
Iceland Europe Green tickY (LNG only) Green tickY Green tickY [74]
India Asia Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY <33% [75]
Indonesia Asia Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Iran Asia Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Iraq Asia Import only [2]
Ireland Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY No age restriction[76][21]
Israel Middle East Green tickY Red XN Green tickY None ILS 166 (UPA)

ILS 55-100 (LNG)

[77]
Italy Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY [21]
Ivory Coast Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Jamaica Central America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Japan Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN [78][79]
Jordan Middle East Red XN Red XN Red XN [2]
Kazakhstan Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN €15,10 (UPA)

€5,54 (LNG)

Easy to get without prescription along borders[80]
Kenya Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY None Ksh200 59%[59] [81]
Kiribati Polynesia Import only [2]
Kosovo Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Kuwait Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN [82]
Kyrgyzstan Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN [83]
Laos Asia Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY
Latvia Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY [84]
Lebanon Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN
Lesotho Africa Green tickY Red XN Red XN 35% [59]
Libya Africa Red XN Red XN Red XN Due to conflict in the region[2]
Lithuania Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) ≥84%[20] [85]
Luxembourg Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY [21]
Madagascar Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY [86]
Malawi Africa Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY 45%[59]
Malaysia Asia Green tickY Red XN Green tickY $1.30-5.00 (LNG)
Maldives Asia Import only Red XN Red XN [2][11]
Mali Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Malta Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY €37,94 (UPA)

€19,90 (LNG)

Available since 2016 after a judicial protest from the Women's Rights Foundation[87][88] There remains a common misconception that it is an abortifacient[citation needed]
Mauritania Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Mauritius Indian Ocean Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Mexico North America Green tickY Green tickY (LNG only) Green tickY None Free in family planning centres 75% [89]
Micronesia Oceania Red XN Red XN Red XN Possibly due to small population [2]
Moldova Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY €17,03 (UPA)

€8,04 (LNG) †
€4,21 – €4,73 (Mifepristone)

62% (2012) † Free for women under 21 and in cases of rape at Youth Friendly Health Centres[90]
Montenegro Europe Red XN Possibly due to small population [2]
Morocco Africa Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY [91]
Mozambique Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Myanmar Asia Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None Under Ks1,000 Sale was stopped by authorities during holidays[92][93]
Nepal Asia Green tickY(LNG only) Green tickY Green tickY Rs. 100-150[94] 28% (2011) [95] Sales increased rapidly from 2015, so awareness data is possibly out of date [94]
Netherlands Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €35 (UPA)

€15 (LNG)

Reimbursed under prescription [21]
New Zealand Oceania Green tickY (LNG only) Red XN Green tickY None [96] $35–$50[97] [98]
Niger Africa Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY 4% (2012) [99]
Nigeria Africa Green tickY(LNG only) Green tickY Green tickY None ~$1.00 30% (2013) [100]
North Korea Asia Red XN Due to conflict in the region[2]
Norway Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €32,80 (UPA)

€24,60 (LNG)

Often free of charge of needy patients [101][102]
Oman Middle East Red XN Red XN Red XN [103]
Pakistan Asia Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Papua New Guinea Oceania Import only [2]
Paraguay South America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY Free at some public hospitals,

Gs. 35.000 otherwise

[104]
Peru South America Green tickY Red XN Red XN None Free Many found to be counterfeit[105]
Philippines Asia Red XN Due to active opposition[2]
Poland Europe Green tickY Red XN Red XN ≥84%[20] [106] Common misconception that it acts like an abortifacient[20]
Portugal Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY Free from family planning centres, €12 otherwise [107][21]
Qatar Middle East Red XN Red XN Red XN [2]
Romania Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €20 (UPA)

€13 (LNG)

≥84%[20] [108][21]
Russia Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN €7,55 (LNG) ≥84%[20] De facto sold over counter, only LNG available[109]
Rwanda Africa Import only Red XN Red XN [2][11]
Saint Kitts & Nevis West Indies Red XN Possibly due to small population [2]
Saint Vincent & Grenadines Caribbean Import only [2]
Samoa Oceania Green tickY† Red XN Red XN 4.7%[110] †Available only at the TTM National Referral Hospital in Apia, reportedly to discourage ‘abuse’ by either nurses or client.[111]
São Tomé and Príncipe Africa Import only Red XN Red XN [2][11]
Saudi Arabia Middle East Red XN Red XN Red XN 6.2% [112] Prescription may have been available in the past, but it appears to be banned.[112][113][114]
Senegal Africa Green tickY Red XN Red XN None $10.36 (UPA)

$7.50 (LNG)

13% [115] [116]
Serbia Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Seychelles Africa Import only [2]
Sierra Leone Africa Green tickY (LNG only) Red XN Red XN 6.2%[117] 30% of girls have their first child before turning 18. Pregnant girls are forced to leave school.[52][118]
Singapore Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN [119]
Slovakia Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €27 (UPA)

€22 (LNG)

[120][21]
Slovenia Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY [21]
Solomon Islands Oceania Import only [2]
Somalia Africa Red XN Due to conflict in the region[2]
South Africa Africa Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY R86,68–100,75 (LNG) 23% [121][122]
South Korea Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN [123]
South Sudan Africa Import only [2]
Spain Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None ≥84%[20] [124][21]
Sri Lanka Asia Green tickY (LNG only) Red XN Green tickY Rs.90-150 [125]
Sudan Africa Red XN Due to conflict in the region[2]
Suriname South America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Sweden Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY None €25 (UPA)

€17 (LNG) Free from youth centres

[126][127][21]
Switzerland Europe Green tickY Red XN Green tickY €32,85 (UPA)

€17,50 (LNG)

[128]
Syria Asia Import only [2]
Taiwan Asia Green tickY Red XN Red XN [129]
Tajikistan Asia Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Tanzania Africa Green tickY (LNG only) Red XN Red XN $5.00 11.8%[130] Twenty percent of 15-19-year-old girls become pregnant, and are forced to leave school.[52][131]
Thailand Asia Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Tonga Polynesia Import only [2]
Tunisia Africa Green tickY Red XN Green tickY
Turkey Asia Green tickY Red XN Green tickY €12 [132]
Tuvalu Polynesia Red XN Possibly due to small population[2]
UAE Middle East Red XN Red XN Red XN N/A N/A Banned because of the misconception that it is an abortifacient.[133][134]
United Kingdom Europe Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY Over 16 without prescription Free from health care professionals ≥84%[20] [135][21]
United States of America North America Green tickY (80%)[136] Green tickY(LNG only) Green tickY(LNG only) None[137] $40–50 USD (LNG)[138][139] 45%[140] [139]"roughly 1 in ten teens were incorrectly told they were too young to get [emergency contraception] without a prescription."[136]
Uruguay South America Green tickY Red XN Green tickY Adult only [141]
Uzbekistan Asia Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY
Vanuatu Oceania Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY 1000 Vatu Personal experience in Port Vila, Efate 2018
Venezuela South America Red XN† Red XN Green tickY †Technically available, but rare and prohibitively expensive due to economic collapse [142][143][144]
Vietnam Asia Green tickY Red XN Green tickY (LNG only) [145]
West Bank and Gaza Middle East Import only [2]
Western Sahara Africa Red XN Due to conflict in the region and a small population[2]
Zambia Africa Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY Free of charge at public health institutions[146] 7.5%[146] [147]

References

  1. ^ "Countries with non-prescription access to EC". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al "Emergency Contraceptive Pill Registration Status by Country" (PDF).
  3. ^ "Albania". Archived from the original on 20 September 2020.
  4. ^ "Emergency Contraception in Albania" (PDF). escrh.eu. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
  5. ^ Doci, Florida; Thaci, Jonida; Foster, Angel M. (August 2018). "Emergency contraception in Albania: a multimethods qualitative study of awareness, knowledge, attitudes and practices". Contraception. 98 (2): 110–114. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2018.03.033. PMID 29654750. S2CID 4886232.
  6. ^ "Albania". European Consortium for Emergency Contraception. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  7. ^ "Algeria". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  8. ^ "Andorra: EC pills to be sold without prescription". European Consortium for Emergency Contraception. 6 June 2018.
  9. ^ "Andorra". European Consortium for Emergency Contraception. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  10. ^ Nieto-Andrade, B.; Fidel, E.; Simmons, R.; Sievers, D.; Fedorova, A.; Bell, S.; Weidert, K.; Prata, N. (2017). "Women's Limited Choice and Availability of Modern Contraception at Retail Outlets and Public-Sector Facilities in Luanda, Angola, 2012–2015". Global Health: Science and Practice. 5 (1): 75–89. doi:10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00304. PMC 5493452. PMID 28193721.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g The Stagnated Global Convergence on the Awareness ofEmergency Contraception: A Multi-Country Analysis (PDF) (masters). p. 35.
  12. ^ "Planned Parenthood head not in support of morning-after pill for minors". 12 June 2013.
  13. ^ a b "Argentina". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  14. ^ a b "Buenos Aires Ciudad - Salud Sexual y Reproductiva". Buenosaires.gov.ar. Retrieved 2013-02-14.
  15. ^ a b "Aruba". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  16. ^ a b "Note to pharmacists on how not to sell the morning-after pill".
  17. ^ "The morning after pill".
  18. ^ "Emergency Contraception Awareness vs Access". 2017-08-02.
  19. ^ "Weekly Dose: New morning after pill makes it difficult to choose which to take".
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Krassovics, M.; Virágh, G. (2016). "Usage patterns and attitudes towards emergency contraception: the International Emergency Contraception Research Initiative". The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care. 21 (4): 310–7. doi:10.1080/13625187.2016.1190962. PMID 27259660. S2CID 22347122.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Emergency Contraception Availability in Europe - ECEC". ECEC. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  22. ^ "COUNTING WHAT COUNTS:TRACKING ACCESS TO EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION" (PDF). International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC). Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  23. ^ M.E.Khan; Sharif Mohammed Ismail Hossain (2001). "Introducing Emergency Contraception in Bangladesh: A feasibility study". Population Council. doi:10.31899/rh2001.1019. S2CID 17266098. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  24. ^ "EC Status and Availability: Bangladesh". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC). Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  25. ^ "Half of Providers in Jamaica and Barbados Have Refused to Dispense Emergency Contraception". 29 January 2008.
  26. ^ "Barbados". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  27. ^ "Belgium".
  28. ^ "Belarus".
  29. ^ "Belize". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  30. ^ Pem, Deki; Nidup, Tshewang; Wangdi, Ugyen; Pelzom, Dorji; Mirzazadeh, Ali; McFarland, Willi (12 February 2018). "Emergency Contraceptive Pills (ECP) Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Women Working in the Entertainment Industry and Men in the Trucking Industry, Bhutan". AIDS and Behavior. 22 (S1): 121–124. doi:10.1007/s10461-018-2056-y. PMC 6045959. PMID 29435794.
  31. ^ "Bolivia". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  32. ^ "Bosnia and Herzegovina".
  33. ^ "Botswana". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  34. ^ "Brazil". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  35. ^ "CMI Brasil - Ministério amplia a distribuição gratuita da pílula do dia seguinte". Midiaindependente.org. Archived from the original on 2013-02-20. Retrieved 2013-02-14.
  36. ^ "Bulgaria". European Consortium for Emergency Contraception. 2015.
  37. ^ a b Ndayizigiye, M.; Fawzi, M. C. Smith; Lively, C. Thompson; Ware, N.C. (2017). "Understanding low uptake of contraceptives in resource-limited settings: A mixed-methods study in rural Burundi". BMC Health Services Research. 17 (1): 209. doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2144-0. PMC 5353936. PMID 28298207.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  38. ^ "Burundi". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  39. ^ a b "Emergency Contraception – Sex & U". www.sexandu.ca.
  40. ^ a b Plan B Canada. "plan B - The Morning After Pill: Where to get it". Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  41. ^ "Chile Court Okays Morning-After Pill". The Santiago Times. 2006-11-13. Retrieved 2006-11-17.
  42. ^ Hernandez; Muanda; Garcia; Matawa (2017). "Awareness and Perceptions of Emergency Contraceptive Pills Among Women in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo". International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 43 (3): 121–130. doi:10.1363/43e4417. JSTOR 10.1363/43e4417. PMID 29553473. S2CID 3986447.
  43. ^ "Croatia".
  44. ^ "Cuba". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  45. ^ "Curacao". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  46. ^ "Cyprus".
  47. ^ "Czech Republic". European Consortium for Emergency Contraception. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  48. ^ "Czech Republic: Morning-after pill made available over the counter". December 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2014.
  49. ^ Perslev, A.; Rørbye, C.; Boesen, H.C.; Nørgaard, M.; Nilas, L. (2002). "Emergency contraception: Knowledge and use among Danish women requesting termination of pregnancy". Contraception. 66 (6): 427–431. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824(02)00416-X. PMID 12499035.
  50. ^ "Denmark".
  51. ^ "Egypt". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  52. ^ a b c "Africa: Pregnant Girls, Young Mothers Barred from School". Human Rights Watch. June 14, 2018.
  53. ^ "Estonia". European Consortium for Emergency Contraception. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  54. ^ Falah-Hassani, Kobra; Kosunen, Elise; Shiri, Rahman; Rimpelä, Arja (2007). "Emergency contraception among Finnish adolescents: Awareness, use and the effect of non-prescription status". BMC Public Health. 7: 201. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-201. PMC 1976617. PMID 17688702.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  55. ^ "News about the NorLevo becoming prescription-free". Finnish National Agency for Medicines. January 2002. Archived from the original on 2006-08-27. Retrieved 2007-01-05.
  56. ^ "Finland".
  57. ^ "Emergency contraception: Steps being taken to improve access". Guttmacher Institute. December 2002. Retrieved 2006-11-11.
  58. ^ "France".
  59. ^ a b c d e "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-03-26. Retrieved 2018-03-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  60. ^ "Gambia". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  61. ^ Bundesapothekerkammer: Rezeptfreie Abgabe von Notfallkontrazeptiva („Pille danach“), S. 10. Archived 2015-04-02 at the Wayback Machine, January 28th 2015, accessed on am February 27th 2015
  62. ^ "Germany".
  63. ^ "Bundesrat stimmt rezeptfreier "Pille danach" zu". sueddeutsche.de (in German). 2015. ISSN 0174-4917. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  64. ^ "Ghana". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  65. ^ "Greece".
  66. ^ "Guatemala". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  67. ^ "Guyana". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  68. ^ "Haiti". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  69. ^ Lathrop, Eva; Telemaque, Youseline; Haddad, Lisa; Stephenson, Rob; Goedken, Peggy; Cwiak, Carrie; Jamieson, Denise J. (April 2013). "Knowledge and use of and opportunities for emergency contraception in Northern Haiti". International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 121 (1): 60–63. doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.11.013. PMID 23332133. S2CID 21201052.
  70. ^ "Hungary".
  71. ^ "Honduras lifts decade-long ban on 'morning after pill'". Reuters.
  72. ^ "PAE en Honduras: No se necesitará prueba médica para adquirla en centros de salud". El Heraldo.
  73. ^ "Should morning-after pills be made available over the counter in Hong Kong? - Hong Kong Free Press HKFP". 8 March 2016.
  74. ^ "Iceland".
  75. ^ Dixit, Anvita; Khan, M. E.; Bhatnagar, Isha (14 April 2018). "Mainstreaming of Emergency Contraception Pill in India: Challenges and Opportunities". Indian Journal of Community Medicine. 40 (1): 49–55. doi:10.4103/0970-0218.149271. PMC 4317981. PMID 25657513.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  76. ^ "Most pharmacists asked for morning-after pill". May 7, 2011 – via www.rte.ie. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  77. ^ "Israel". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  78. ^ "Getting the Contraceptive Pill in Japan - Savvy Tokyo". 12 July 2016.
  79. ^ "緊急避妊薬、１月下旬にも使用可 審議会が承認意見". Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved February 21, 2016.
  80. ^ "Kazakhstan".
  81. ^ "Kenya". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  82. ^ "Kuwait". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  83. ^ "Kyrgyzstan". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  84. ^ "Latvia - ECEC". ECEC. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  85. ^ "Lithuania - ECEC". ECEC. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  86. ^ "Madagascar". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  87. ^ "Two new morning-after pills approved for sale".
  88. ^ "Malta". European Consortium for Emergency Contraception. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  89. ^ "Mexico".
  90. ^ "Republic of Moldova".
  91. ^ "Morocco". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  92. ^ "Time for new thinking on contraception". The Myanmar Times. April 24, 2015.
  93. ^ "Doctors Warn of Rising 'Morning-After Pill' Use, Abuse in Burma". 23 January 2014.
  94. ^ a b Thapa, S. (2016). "A new wave in the quiet revolution in contraceptive use in Nepal: The rise of emergency contraception". Reproductive Health. 13 (1): 49. doi:10.1186/s12978-016-0155-7. PMC 4855319. PMID 27141949.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  95. ^ "Nepal".
  96. ^ "How young is too young for contraception?". 4 December 2015.
  97. ^ "How much does contraception cost?".
  98. ^ Levonorgestrel emergency contraception and weight-based efficacy (PDF) (Report). p. 6.
  99. ^ "Niger".
  100. ^ "Nigeria".
  101. ^ "Norway".
  102. ^ "Norway - ECEC". ECEC. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  103. ^ "Oman". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  104. ^ "La Anticoncepción de Emergencia en Paraguay - Panorama - TakingITGlobal". www.tigweb.org. Retrieved 2020-06-18.
  105. ^ "Nearly one-third of morning-after pills in Peru are fake". 2014-04-18.
  106. ^ Boffey, Daniel (26 June 2017). "Polish government widely condemned over morning-after pill law". the Guardian.
  107. ^ "Morning After Pill in Europe: Where You Can & Can't Find it". 20 December 2016.
  108. ^ "Romania".
  109. ^ "Russian Federation".
  110. ^ "Samoa". International Consortium for Emergergency Contraception.
  111. ^ SAMOA Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights Needs Assessment (PDF) (Report). April 2015. p. 20.
  112. ^ a b Karim, Syed Irfan; Irfan, Farhana; Rowais, Norah Al; Zahrani, Basma Al; Qureshi, Riaz; Qadrah, Bedoor H Al (14 April 2018). "Emergency contraception: Awareness, attitudes and barriers of Saudi Arabian Women". Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 31 (6): 1500–1505. doi:10.12669/pjms.316.8127. PMC 4744309. PMID 26870124.
  113. ^ "Saudi Arabia". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  114. ^ "Riyadh - Gynopedia". gynopedia.org. 17 February 2019.
  115. ^ Savage-Oyekunle, Oluremi A (2017). "Adolescents' access to emergency contraception in Africa: An empty promise?". African Human Rights Law Journal. 17 (2): 475–526. doi:10.17159/1996-2096/2017/v17n2a7.
  116. ^ "Senegal". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  117. ^ "Sierra Leone". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  118. ^ Mitchell, Hannah (July 20, 2017). "Sierra Leone: teenage girls are dying from unsafe abortions and risky pregnancies" – via www.theguardian.com.
  119. ^ "Emergency Contraception". aware.org.sg. Retrieved 2018-03-04.
  120. ^ "Slovakia".
  121. ^ Smit, Jennifer; McFadyen, Lynn; Beksinska, Mags; De Pinho, Helen; Morroni, Chelsea; Mqhayi, Mmabatho; Parekh, Angina; Zuma, Khangelani (2001). "Emergency contraception in South Africa: Knowledge, attitudes, and use among public sector primary healthcare clients". Contraception. 64 (6): 333–337. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824(01)00272-4. PMID 11834230.
  122. ^ "Medicine Price Registry". Health-E News. 29 March 2018.
  123. ^ "South Korea". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  124. ^ "Reportaje - La píldora poscoital ya es libre. Y no es aborto". El País. 12 May 2009 – via elpais.com.
  125. ^ "Sri Lanka".
  126. ^ "Akut-p-piller". sjukvardsradgivningen.se (in Swedish). 2006-10-25. Retrieved 2009-02-10.
  127. ^ "Sweden".
  128. ^ "Switzerland".
  129. ^ "Taiwan". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  130. ^ "Tanzania". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
  131. ^ Makoye, Kizito (June 26, 2017). "Tanzania's ban on pregnant girls in school violates basic rights: campaigners". Reuters – via www.reuters.com.
  132. ^ "Turkey".
  133. ^ "UAE doctors call for end to ban on morning-after pill". The National. 20 February 2015.
  134. ^ Rebecca Roberts (26 March 2019). "Everything You Should Know About the Contraceptive Pill in UAE". Expat Women.
  135. ^ "Contraception: past, present and future". UK Family Planning Association. April 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-09-28. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
  136. ^ a b "U.S. Teens still denied morning-after pill". Reuters. 2018-03-07.
  137. ^ Belluck, Pam (2013-04-05). "Judge Strikes Down Age Limits on Morning-After Pill". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  138. ^ "What is the Plan B Morning-After Pill | Cost & Effectiveness". www.plannedparenthood.org. Retrieved 2018-06-15.
  139. ^ a b "Types of Emergency Contraception". Princeton University: Office of Population Research. 15 August 2017. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  140. ^ Payakachat, Nalin; Ragland, Denise; Houston, Cherri (14 April 2018). "Impact of emergency contraception status on unintended pregnancy: observational data from a women's health practice". Pharmacy Practice. 8 (3): 173–178. doi:10.4321/s1886-36552010000300004. PMC 4127052. PMID 25126137.
  141. ^ "Uruguay". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception.
  142. ^ Albaladejo, Angelika (March 23, 2018). "Contraceptive shortages mean Venezuela's people face a sexual health emergency". BMJ. 360: k1197. doi:10.1136/bmj.k1197. PMID 29572318. S2CID 4237896 – via www.bmj.com.
  143. ^ "Venezuela pill shortage triggers rise in teenage pregnancies". BBC News. January 10, 2018.
  144. ^ "Venezuela".
  145. ^ "Vietnam".
  146. ^ a b N C Chavuma; D O Chanda; B Vwalika (2010). "Emergency Contraception Among Women With Abortion At University Teaching Hospital In Lusaka, Zambia". Medical Journal of Zambia. 37 (4).
  147. ^ "Zambia". International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC).
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Emergency_contraceptive_availability_by_country&oldid=1155291060"