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Hinchliffe Stadium

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Coordinates: 40°55′6″N 74°10′52″W / 40.91833°N 74.18111°W / 40.91833; -74.18111
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Hinchliffe Stadium
Map
Former namesHinchliffe City Stadium
AddressMaple and Liberty Streets
Paterson, New Jersey
Coordinates40°55′6″N 74°10′52″W / 40.91833°N 74.18111°W / 40.91833; -74.18111
OwnerPaterson Board of Education
Capacity10,000
Baseball: 7,800
Acreage5.7 acres (2.3 ha)
Construction
Built1931–1932
Renovated1963-1964, 1983, 2021-2022
Closed1997
ArchitectOlmsted Brothers
Tenants
Paterson Giants (IFL) 1932-1933
Paterson Night Hawks (I) 1932-1933
Silk City Bears (I) 1932
New York Black Yankees (NNL II) 1933-1937, 1939-1945
New York Cubans (NNL II) 1936
Paterson Panthers (AA) 1936-1941,1946-1950
New Jersey Jackals (FL) 2023-
Hinchliffe Stadium
Architectural styleArt Deco with Mission style elements
NRHP reference No.04000223[1]
NJRHP No.4234[2]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPMarch 22, 2004 (local significance error)[3][4]
Designated NHLMarch 11, 2013[2]
Designated NJRHPJanuary 27, 2004

Hinchliffe Stadium (/ˈhɪntʃ.lɪf/) is a 10,000-seat stadium located in Paterson, New Jersey. The venue was completed in 1932 and sits on a dramatic escarpment above Paterson's National Historic Landmark Great Falls, surrounded by the city's national landmark historic district, the first planned industrial settlement in the nation (chartered 1792). Hinchliffe stadium is known for hosting track and field, football, baseball, entertainment events, and auto and motorcycle racing. It is one of only a handful of stadiums surviving nationally that once played host to significant Negro league baseball during America's Jim Crow era. The stadium was designated a National Historic Landmark in March 2013 and a Paterson Historic Landmark[5] in May 2013. In December 2014, Congress passed legislation to include the stadium in the Great Falls National Landmark District.[6]

Early days

The stadium, a large concrete oval with near-continuous seating laid out like a classical amphitheater, was inspired by a decade-long popular "stadium movement" in the 1920s, and was finally brought to fruition through the persistent efforts of its namesake Mayor John Hinchliffe, who made his fortune from Hinchliffe Brewing before it closed due to Prohibition. It opened on July 8, 1932, as a combination athletic facility and a "paying investment" for the working people of industrial Paterson, New Jersey, who were by then struggling through the early years of the Great Depression. Many workers laid off from the mills found work under a New Deal-financed program to provide enhancements to the stadium in 1932–34.

Aerial photo of Hinchliffe Stadium with Great Falls in foreground

The stadium immediately played host to Negro league and "barnstorming" games. In 1933, the stadium's first complete season hosting baseball, Hinchliffe hosted the Colored Championship of the Nation, the Negro leagues equivalent of the World Series. That following year, the New York Black Yankees made the stadium their home, a tenure that lasted until 1945 and was interrupted only once, when the team booked Triborough Stadium on Randall's Island in New York for the 1938 season. After World War II, the Black Yankees left Hinchliffe and took up residency at Red Wing Stadium in Rochester, New York. Hinchliffe was also home to the New York Cubans in 1935 and 1936.

The baseball played at Hinchliffe Stadium was some of the best and most competitive in the game, including prodigious athletes like Monte Irvin, Josh Gibson, Oscar Charleston, and "Cool Papa" Bell, among many others. Hall-of-Famer Larry Doby, the legendary player who broke the American League color barrier in 1947, grew up in Paterson playing football and baseball in Hinchliffe Stadium for Paterson's Eastside High School, and was scouted from Hinchliffe for the Newark Eagles in 1942.

Hinchliffe became an important venue for boxing (Diamond Gloves, precursor to the Golden Gloves), auto racing (precursor to NASCAR featuring stock car racing, pre-Indianapolis racing, and midget car racing events), and professional football.[7] Racers that appeared at Hinchliffe included Dutch Schaefer, Ted Horn, Bill Schindler, Art Cross, and Tex Keene.[7] Victory Bond rallies held at the stadium during World War II drew sports stars and New York and Hollywood celebrities by the dozens. Among the many notable events headlined at Hinchliffe were shows performed by Abbott and Costello. (Lou Costello was born and raised in Paterson's Eastside section.)

Throughout its history, though, Hinchliffe Stadium's primary use was as a venue for Paterson high school sports. Its two high schools, Eastside High School and Central High School, shared the stadium for various sports including football and baseball until the late 1960s. (Kennedy High School, opened in 1965, also used Hinchliffe.) The schools' annual intercity Thanksgiving Day matchup was always held at Hinchliffe, and the venue would also play host to other schools' teams who took advantage of its large capacity; for instance, Paterson's neighbor Clifton used the stadium for its football team during the 1940s until opening its own Stadium October 14, 1950.

Later days

At first Hinchliffe, sometimes called "City Stadium", was municipally owned. In 1963, as the schools assumed full ownership, they undertook an array of repairs and upgrades that included repositioning the baseball diamond and adding fill to the area above and along the river (the "cliff" area, called "The Valley of the Rocks") in order to enlarge the football field and lengthen the track. In the following decades, the stadium did yeoman service for both school sports and major public events, including—from the 1970s on—concerts, antique car shows, and the fireworks displays for the Great Falls Festivals that have become a favorite feature of Paterson's Labor Day celebrations. Duke Ellington held one of his last major concerts here in 1971.

In 1983, the field received another upgrade under Mayor Frank X. Graves, Jr. These repairs made previously temporary stands permanent, added handicap access and storage facilities, and resulted in the installation of an Astroturf field surface. In 1988 Hinchliffe Stadium became the home of the New Jersey Eagles of the American Soccer League, and the Eagles called the stadium home for two seasons before moving to another venue for their third and final season.

The general decline of the school system in Paterson over the next decade meant the diversion of maintenance resources away from the stadium. Although the facility continued to be used through the 1990s, Hincliffe Stadium fell into further and further disrepair due to underfunding and was eventually closed at the end of the 1996–97 school year and threatened with demolition. This forced Eastside High School and Kennedy High School to play their entire 1997 football seasons on the road and both schools returned to playing in Paterson for the 1998 season at Bauerle Field, located near Eastside High School.

The threat of demolition sparked a new movement to find ways and means of restoring and revitalizing this historic venue. A group of local citizens formed the non-profit Friends of Hinchliffe Stadium, announcing in September 2002, on the 70th anniversary of the stadium's dedication. A month later, Schools Superintendent Edwin Duroy announced a proposal to revitalize the facility into a stadium complex. The National Register of Historic Places designation by the State Office of Historic Preservation deemed Hinchliffe as only "locally significant", even though segregation and the Negro leagues were of national prominence. This cost the stadium much-needed funding from the Save America's Treasures grant funding program.

Stadium renovation

In 2009, efforts to renovate Hinchliffe began in earnest when Paterson mayor Andre Sayegh, then a member of the city council, visited Rickwood Field in Birmingham, Alabama, one of the few remaining Negro League stadiums still standing. Sayegh believed that Hinchliffe could be restored and vowed to himself that if he was elected mayor he would lead effort.[8][9]

Elected mayor in 2018, Sayegh secured the necessary political support and funding for the renovation and in 2021 ground was broken on a $94 million project to both restore and upgrade the stadium.[10] Funding for the project was dependent on the return of a professional baseball team, a condition that was met when the New Jersey Jackals announced they would leave Yogi Berra Stadium in 2023 and play at Hinchliffe.[8]

The stadium had a soft opening on May 17, 2023 that featured a high school softball game. Hinchliffe's grand opening occurred on May 19, 2023 and was attended by numerous celebrities, including Whoopi Goldberg and New Jersey Senator Cory Booker.[11] Goldberg told the media that preserving the stadium was essential to preserving American history, saying "Anything that's happened in this country should never be erased from books of any kind because we need to know, we need to remember. Little kids need to know, and they need to understand. There's not a color in this country that doesn't participate in our collective history."[11]

See also

Some Negro league ballparks that are still standing or rebuilt elsewhere include:

  • Josh Gibson Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania is still standing and was renovated in 2008.
  • McCormick Field in Asheville, North Carolina was originally built in 1924 then used in the 1940s by the Asheville Blues. It was rebuilt in 1992 is used as a ballpark by the Tourists.
  • Rickwood Field in Birmingham, Alabama is still standing and is an active sports venue and museum.

References

  1. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. ^ a b "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places - Passaic County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection - Historic Preservation Office. November 22, 2013. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 16, 2014.
  3. ^ "National Register of Historic Places Listings April 2, 2004". Retrieved June 7, 2009.
  4. ^ "Ballparks of the Negro Leagues and Barnstorming Black Baseball Teams". Negro League Baseball Players Association. Archived from the original on June 10, 2009. Retrieved June 8, 2009.
  5. ^ Mallinconico, Joe (May 15, 2013). "After three-year battle, Paterson's Hinchliffe Stadium gets local historic status". Patterson Press. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  6. ^ Salant, Jonathan D. (December 12, 2014). "Congress adds N.J. stadium where Negro League stars played to Paterson national park". NJ.com. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  7. ^ a b "Racing: An Overview". Retrieved June 8, 2009.
  8. ^ a b Phillips, Gary. "Baseball returns to the hollowed grounds of a Negro League stadium". The New York Times. Retrieved May 21, 2023.
  9. ^ Reichard, Kevin (September 15, 2022). "Jackals announce move to Hinchliffe Stadium for 2023". Ballpark Digest. August Publications. Retrieved September 16, 2022.
  10. ^ Nightengale, Bob (April 13, 2021). "'A magical place': Hinchliffe Stadium, former Negro Leagues ballpark, being restored to its former glory". USA Today. Retrieved March 24, 2022.
  11. ^ a b Johnson, Anthony. "Historic Hinchliffe Stadium reopens after 2 year, $103M transformation". ABC7 News. Retrieved May 21, 2023.

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hinchliffe Stadium.
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