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Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767)
U-thong dynasty (1351–1370)
The U-thong dynasty was originated by U-thong, a local ruler in central Thailand whose origin is disputed. In 1351, he founded the city of Ayutthaya on the Chao Phraya River, establishing the kingdom of the same name; he reigned with the regnal title of Ramathibodi I.
| Portrait | Name | Reign | Succession | Life details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Ramathibodi I รามาธิบดีที่ ๑ Somdet Phra Ramathibodi |
4 March 1351 – 1369 (18 years) |
Monarchy established | 1314 – 1369 (aged 63) Born U-thong. Origin is disputed. Founded the city of Ayutthaya, and thus the kingdom of the same name, in 1351 |
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Ramesuan ราเมศวร Somdet Phra Ramesuan |
1369 – 1370 (less than one year) |
Son of Ramathibodi I | 1339 – 1396 (aged 56) First reign ended when he was usurped his uncle, the king of Suphan Buri, who would rule in Ayutthaya as Borommarachathirat I |
Suphannaphum dynasty (1370–1388)
Ayutthaya was closely connected to and in conflict with the neighboring city of Suphan Buri, ruled by another branch of the family that Ramathibodi I (and thus, the U-thong dynasty) descended from. The Suphannaphum dynasty ruled only in Suphan Buri until Borommarachathirat I usurped Ramesuan in 1370 and unified the two polities.
The dynasty is named for the city, which was founded by the Dvaravati Kingdom as Dvaravati Sri Suvarnabhumi. Some historical scholars believe this etymology is evidence of Dvaravati being the legendary Suvarnabhumi ("Land of Gold") of Indian legend (and the Golden Chersonese of classical Western cartography).
| Portrait | Name | Reign | Succession | Life details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Borommarachathirat I บรมราชาธิราชที่ ๑ Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat |
1370 – 1388 (18 years) |
Brother of Ramathibodi I and uncle of Ramesuan | 1310 – 1388 (aged 78) King of Suphan Buri before usurping Ramesuan. Died en route to battle |
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Thong Lan ทองลัน Somdet Phra Chao Thong Lan |
1388 – 1388 (7 days) |
Son of Borommarachathirat I | 1374 – 1388 (aged 14) Usurped and executed by Ramesuan. First Thai king to be executed |
U-thong dynasty, restored (1388–1409)
Short paragraph.
| Portrait | Name | Reign | Succession | Life details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Ramesuan ราเมศวร Somdet Phra Ramesuan |
1388 – 1395 (7 years) |
Son of Ramathibodi I and cousin of Thong Lan | 1339 – 1395 (aged 56) Executed Thong Lan and restored himself as king |
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Ramrachathirat รามราชาธิราช Somdet Phra Ramrachathirat |
1395 – 1309 (14 years) |
Son of Ramesuan | 1356 – unknown (age unknown) Usurped by Intharacha, nephew of Borommarachathirat I, whom he had named to rule in Suphan Buri. Died in exile at an unknown date |
Suphannaphum dynasty, restored (1409–1569)
Short paragraph.