List of super typhoons
 | This article is missing information about all super typhoons from 1961 to 2019. (November 2020) |
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Since 1947, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) has classified all typhoons in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean with wind speeds of at least 130 knots (67 m/s; 150 mph; 240 km/h)—the equivalent of a strong Category 4 on the Saffir–Simpson scale, as super typhoons.[1] Since that year, 314 super typhoons have occurred in the basin, the latest being Typhoon Doksuri in 2023. Only two Pacific typhoon seasons have not included at least 1 super typhoon, which were the 1949 Pacific typhoon season and 1974 Pacific typhoon season. The most typhoons to have reached this intensity in a single season is tied between 1965 and 1997, with 11 becoming super typhoons.
Background
All typhoons that reach an intensity of at least 130 knots (150 mph; 240 km/h) are referred to by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center as super typhoons.[1] The first typhoon to be identified as a "super typhoon" by the JTWC was Typhoon Rosalind of 1947, a high-end Category 4-equivalent typhoon.[2] From there on, 4 years later, Typhoon Iris in 1951 would become the first Category 5-equivalent typhoon referred to as a super typhoon ever recorded.[3] Tropical cyclones of these violent intensities occur much more often in the Western Pacific, due to the fact it is one of the most active tropical cyclone basins on the planet knowing to the fact it has the warmest sea surface temperatures, which tropical cyclones need to thrive.[4][5] Sufficient sea surface temperatures and the frequent passing of the Madden–Julian oscillation allow these cyclones to quickly intensify and blossom into violent storms.[5]
Since the first super typhoon was designated, approximately 314 other super typhoons have formed to date. The strongest (and also the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded) was Typhoon Tip in 1979, the costliest (also the costliest typhoon on record) was Typhoon Hagibis in 2019, the longest-lived was Typhoon Rita in 1972, and the deadliest was Typhoon Haiyan in the record-breaking 2013 Pacific typhoon season. Additionally, the earliest-forming super typhoon was Typhoon Karen in January 1948.
Systems
- Key
- † Discontinuous duration (weakened below super typhoon status before restrengthening)
1947–1959
| Name | Dates as a super typhoon[nb 1] |
Duration (hours) |
Pressure | Sustained wind speeds | Areas affected | Deaths | Damage (USD) |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rosalind | October 8–9, 1947 | 24 hours | 918 hPa (27.11 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | None | None | None | First recorded super typhoon |
| Karen | January 13, 1948 | 18 hours | 936 hPa (27.64 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | None | None | None | First and only super typhoon recorded in the month of January |
| Doris | May 9–10, 1950 | 30 hours | 922 hPa (27.23 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | None | None | None | |
| Iris | May 2–3, 1951 | 24 hours | 909 hPa (26.84 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Chuuk, Philippines | 9 | $9.3 million | First category 5-equivalent super typhoon |
| Olive | September 16–17, 1952 | 42 hours | 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | Wake Island | None | >$1.6 million | |
| Wilma | October 24–26, 1952 | 48 hours | 914 hPa (26.99 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | Philippines | 10 | Unknown | |
| Agnes | November 2–4, 1952 | 54 hours | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | None | None | Unknown | |
| Della | November 26, 1952 | 18 hours | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Philippines, Taiwan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Hester | December 30, 1952- January 1, 1953 | 60 hours | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | Guam | None | None | |
| Kit | June 29-July 1, 1953 | 60 hours | 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Taiwan, East China, South Korea | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Nina | August 11-16, 1953 | 120 hours | 885 hPa (26.13 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | East China | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Tess | September 21, 1953 | 12 hours | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Betty | October 29, 1953 | 12 hours | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Philippines, Hainan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Doris | December 18, 1953 | 6 hours | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | None | None | None | |
| Ida | August 23–24, 1954 | 24 hours | 890 hPa (26.28 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | Philippines, Hainan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| June | September 7 and September 9, 1954 | 12 hours† | 901 hPa (26.61 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Japan | 107 | Unknown | |
| Pamela | November 1–3 and November 5, 1954 | 84 hours† | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Philippines, Hong Kong | Unknown | Unknown | One of the first recorded Category 5 typhoons in the South China Sea |
| Ruby | November 6, 1954 | 18 hours | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | 270 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Luzon | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Sally | November 13–17, 1954 | 108 hours | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Luzon | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Clara | July 10–11, 1955 | 24 hours | 919 hPa (27.14 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Shandong Province | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Kate | September 23–24, 1955 | 24 hours | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Luzon | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Louise | September 25–27, 1955 | 48 hours | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Patsy | December 2, 1955 | 6 hours | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Philippines | None | None | |
| Ruth | December 15, 1955 | 36 hours | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | 330 kilometres per hour (210 mph) | None | None | None | |
| Thelma | April 19–21, 1956 | 48 hours | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | 285 kilometres per hour (177 mph) | None | None | None | |
| Wanda | July 29-August 2, 1956 | 96 hours | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | Taiwan, East China | 4,935 | Unknown | Deadliest typhoon of the 1950s |
| Emma | September 8–9, 1956 | 36 hours | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Ryukyu Islands | 77 | $8 million | |
| Gilda | September 21–22, 1956 | 24 hours | 936 hPa (27.64 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Philippines, Taiwan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Jean | October 20–21, 1956 | 24 hours | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Philippines | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Rose | January 24, 1957 | 18 hours | 952 hPa (28.11 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | None | None | None | |
| Virginia | June 21–30, 1957 | 90 hours | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Philippines, Taiwan, East China, Japan | 86 | $20 million | |
| Agnes | August 8, 1957 | 18 hours | 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Japan, South Korea | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Faye | September 20, 1957 | 18 hours | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | None | None | None | |
| Hester | October 8, 1957 | 12 hours | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Judy | October 23–24, 1957 | 24 hours | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Lola | November 14–18, 1957 | 96 hours | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | None | None | None | |
| Ophelia | January 13–14, 1958 | 30 hours | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Marshall Islands | None | Minor | |
| Phyllis | May 26–30, 1958 | 96 hours | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | None | None | None | Strongest typhoon in May at the time, before being surpassed by Typhoon Damrey in 2000 |
| Winnie | July 15, 1958 | 12 hours† | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Taiwan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Alice | July 19–20, 1958 | 18 hours | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Doris | July 25–27, 1958 | 48 hours | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Grace | September 1–2, 1958 | 42 hours | 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) | 305 kilometres per hour (190 mph) | East China | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Helen | September 13–14, 1958 | 30 hours | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Japan | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Ida | September 23–26, 1958 | 72 hours | 877 hPa (25.90 inHg) | 325 kilometres per hour (202 mph) | Japan | 1,269 | $50 million | Most intense Pacific typhoon at the time, before being surpassed by Typhoon June in 1975. |
| Nancy | November 24–25, 1958 | 24 hours | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | None | None | None | |
| Joan | August 28–30, 1959 | 48 hours | 885 hPa (26.13 inHg) | 315 kilometres per hour (196 mph) | East China | None | None | |
| Sarah | September 14–15, 1959 | 30 hours | 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) | 305 kilometres per hour (190 mph) | East China, South Korea | >2,000 | >$102 million | |
| Vera | September 23–26, 1959 | 78 hours | 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) | 305 kilometres per hour (190 mph) | East China, Japan | >5,000 | >$261 million | One of the strongest typhoons to ever strike Japan |
| Charlotte | October 12–14, 1959 | 48 hours | 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) | 270 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Okinawa | 46 | >$300 thousand | |
| Dinah | October 17–21, 1959 | 102 hours | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Japan | None | None | |
| Gilda | December 16–18, 1959 | 54 hours | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Philippines, Vietnam | 23 | $1.5 million | |
| 51 systems | January 13, 1948 – December 19, 1959 | 877 mb | 325 kilometres per hour (202 mph) | 13,562 deaths | $435.7 million |
1960–1969
| Name | Dates as a super typhoon[nb 1] |
Duration (hours) |
Pressure | Sustained wind speeds | Areas affected | Deaths | Damage (USD) |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shirley | July 30–31, 1960 | 18 hours | 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Taiwan, East China | None | None | |
| Ophelia | December 1–2, 1960 | 30 hours | 928 hPa (27.40 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Ulithi Atoll, Yap | 7 | Unknown | First super typhoon name retired[6] |
| Tess | March 28–29, 1961 | 30 hours | 940 hPa (27.75 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | None | None | None | |
| Pamela | September 11, 1961 | 18 hours | 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) | 285 kilometres per hour (177 mph) | Taiwan, East China | 98 dead, 27 missing | $5 million | |
| Nancy | September 9–15, 1961 | 144 hours | 882 hPa (26.05 inHg) | 345 kilometres per hour (214 mph) | Guam, Ryukyu Islands, Japan | 202 dead, 8 missing | $500 million | Once considered to have had the strongest wind speeds ever recorded in a tropical cyclone prior to more reliable measurements from Hurricane Patricia[7] |
| Tilda | September 29–October 2, 1961 | 54 hours | 925 hPa (27.31 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Ryukyu Islands, East China | 2 | Unknown | |
| Violet | October 6–8, 1961 | 60 hours | 895 hPa (26.42 inHg) | 335 kilometres per hour (208 mph) | Japan | 2 | None | |
| Dot | October 9–12, 1961 | 66 hours | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Guam, Northern Mariana Islands | None | Unknown |
1970–1979
| Name | Dates as a super typhoon[nb 1] |
Duration (hours) |
Pressure | Areas affected | Deaths | Damage (USD) |
Refs |
|---|
1980–1989
| Name | Dates as a super typhoon[nb 1] |
Duration (hours) |
Pressure | Areas affected | Deaths | Damage (USD) |
Refs |
|---|
1990–1999
| Name | Dates as a super typhoon[nb 1] |
Duration (hours) |
Pressure | Areas affected | Deaths | Damage (USD) |
Refs |
|---|
2000–2009
| Name | Dates as a super typhoon[nb 1] |
Duration (hours) |
Pressure | Sustained wind speeds | Areas affected | Deaths | Damage (USD) |
Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Damrey | May 9–10, 2000 | 20 hours | 285 kilometres per hour (177 mph) | Caroline Islands | None | None |
2010–2019
| Name | Dates as a super typhoon[nb 1] |
Duration (hours) |
Pressure | Sustained wind speeds | Areas affected | Deaths | Damage (USD) |
Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Megi | October 17–18, 2010 | 30 hours | 885 hPa (26.13 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | Philippines, Southeastern China, Taiwan | 69 | $709 million | [8][9][10][11] | |
| Songda | May 16, 2011 | 30 hours | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Micronesia, Philippines, Japan | 17 | $287 million | [8][12][13][14] | |
| Muifa | July 30, 2011 | 6 hours | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Micronesia, Philippines, Taiwan, Japan, China, South Korea, North Korea, Russia | 22 | $480 million | [8][15][16][17][18] | |
| Nanmadol | August 26–27, 2011 | 24 hours | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Philippines, Taiwan, China, | 38 | $1.49 billion | ||
| Nalgae | September 30, 2011 | 12 hours | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Philippines, China, Vietnam | 18 | $250 million | ||
| Guchol | |||||||||
| Sanba | |||||||||
| Jelawat | |||||||||
| Bopha | |||||||||
| Utor | |||||||||
| Usagi | |||||||||
| Francisco | |||||||||
| Lekima | |||||||||
| Haiyan | |||||||||
| Neoguri | |||||||||
| Rammasun | |||||||||
| Halong | |||||||||
| Genevieve | |||||||||
| Phanfone | |||||||||
| Vongfong | |||||||||
| Nuri | November 2–4, 2014 | 42 hours | 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) | 285 kilometres per hour (177 mph) | Japan | None | Minimal | [8] | |
| Hagupit | |||||||||
| Higos | February 10, 2015 | 6 hours | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | None | None | None | [8] | |
| Maysak | |||||||||
| Noul | |||||||||
| Dolphin | |||||||||
| Nangka | |||||||||
| Soudelor | |||||||||
| Atsani | August 19–20, 2015 | 36 hours | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Mariana Islands | None | None | [8] | |
| Dujuan | |||||||||
| Koppu | |||||||||
| Nepartak | |||||||||
| Meranti | |||||||||
| Chaba | |||||||||
| Songda | October 11, 2016 | 6 hours | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Pacific Northwest | None | Unknown | [8] | |
| Haima | |||||||||
| Nock-ten | |||||||||
| Noru | |||||||||
| Lan | |||||||||
| Jelawat | March 30, 2018 | 6 hours | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Caroline Islands | 2 | Unknown | [8] | |
| Maria | |||||||||
| Jebi | |||||||||
| Mangkhut | |||||||||
| Trami | September 24–25, 2018 | 30 hours | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Mariana Islands, Taiwan, Japan, Russian Far East, Alaska | 4 | $2.69 billion | [8][19][20] | |
| Kong-rey | October 1–2, 2018 | 30 hours | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Federated States of Micronesia, Japan, South Korea, East China, Taiwan | 3 | $171.5 million | [8][21][22][23][24][25] | |
| Yutu | October 24–28, 2018 | 108 hours | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Caroline Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, Philippines, South China | 30 | $855 million | [8][26][27][28][29][30] | |
| Wutip | February 23 & 25, 2019 | 26 hours† | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | 270 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Guam, Federated States of Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands | None | $3.3 million | [8][31][32] | |
| Lekima | August 8, 2019 | 18 hours | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (155 mph) | Caroline Islands, East China, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Malaysia | 105 | $9.28 billion | [8][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] | |
| Hagibis | October 7–10, 2019 | 66 hours† | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (183 mph) | Mariana Islands, Japan, Russia, Alaska | 99 | $15 billion | [8][42] | |
| Bualoi | October 22, 2019 | 12 hours | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands | None | None | [8] | |
| Halong | November 5–6, 2019 | 30 hours | 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) | 305 kilometres per hour (190 mph) | None | None | None | [8] |
2020–2029
| Name | Dates as a super typhoon[nb 1] |
Duration (hours) |
Pressure | Sustained wind speeds |
Areas affected | Deaths | Damage (USD) |
Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haishen | September 4, 2020 | 24 hours | 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (155 mph) | Mariana Islands, Japan, Korean Peninsula | 4 | $100 million | [43][44] |
| Goni | October 30 – November 1, 2020 | 54 hours | 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) | 315 kilometres per hour (195 mph) | Philippines, Vietnam | 26 | $392 million | [45][46][47] |
| Surigae | April 16, 2021 – April 18, 2021 | 48 hours | 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) | 315 kilometres per hour (196 mph) | Caroline Islands, Palau, Sulawesi, Philippines | 10 | $10.5 million | |
| Chanthu | September 8, 2021 – September 9, 2021 & September 10 - September 11 | 48 hours | 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) | 285 kilometres per hour (177 mph) | Philippines, Taiwan, Eastern China, Japan | None | $748,000 | |
| Rai | December 16, 2021 & December 18, 2021 | 12 hours | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) | Caroline Islands, Palau, Philippines, Spratly Islands, Vietnam, South China, Hong Kong, Macau | 410 | $1.02 billion | |
| Hinnamnor | August 30, 2022 – August 31, 2022 & September 1, 2022 | 27 hours | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Japan, Philippines, Taiwan, East China, South Korea, North Korea, Russian Far East | 12 | $8.5 million | |
| Nanmadol | September 9, 2022 - September 20, 2022 | 18 hours | 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) | 250 kilometres per hour (155 mph) | Japan, South Korea | 6 | $6 billion | |
| Noru | September 21 - October 1 | 9 hours | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | 260 kilometres per hour (160 mph) | Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia | 40 | $110 million | |
| Mawar | May 23 - June 3 | 36 hours | 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) | 295 kilometres per hour (185 mph) | Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands | 6 | $136 million | |
| Doksuri | July 19 - 29 | 9 hours | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | 240 kilometres per hour (150 mph) | Philippines | 43 | $174 million |
See also
References
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