Cecil Bebb
Cecil William Henry Bebb | |
|---|---|
 Cecil Bebb | |
| Birth name | Cecil William Henry Bebb |
| Nickname(s) | Cecil |
| Born | 27 September 1905 |
| Died | 29 March 2002 |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom |
| Rank | Captain |
| Awards | Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Yoke and Arrows |
Captain Cecil William Henry Bebb (27 September 1905 – 29 March 2002) was a British commercial pilot and later airline executive, notable for flying General Francisco Franco from the Canary Islands to Spanish Morocco in 1936, a journey which was to trigger the onset of the Spanish Civil War.[1]
Early life
Bebb was the son of Robert Eustace Albert and Mary Ann Bebb, of Hornsey. His father was a dentist, and he was baptized as Cecil William Henry into the Church of England on 12 November 1905, when his date of birth was noted as 27 September 1905.[2] His birth was registered as Cecil William H. Bebb in October 1905.[2] Despite this, some sources state his first name as Charles.[3]
By 11 November 1932, when Bebb was aged 26, he had qualified as a pilot. On that date he sailed from England on the RMS Edinburgh Castle, destination Cape Town, and was logged as a pilot, of Heston.[4]
Events of July 1936
At 07:15 on the morning of 11 July 1936, Captain Bebb took off from Croydon Airport, London, in a Dragon Rapide aircraft, with a navigator, his friend Major Hugh Pollard, and two female companions.[5]
The flight log records that the aircraft was bound for the Canary Islands. The purpose of Bebb's flight was to collect General Franco from the Canaries and fly him to Tetuán in the Spanish protectorate in Morocco, where the Spanish African Army was garrisoned.[5]
Franco was recognized by the government in Madrid as a danger to the Second Spanish Republic and had been sent to the Canaries in order to keep him away from political intrigue. Had a Spanish plane flown to the islands, the authorities would probably have been alerted, but the British aircraft attracted little or no attention. Bebb and Franco arrived in Tetuán on 19 July and the general quickly set about organising Moroccan troops to participate in the coming coup.[5]
It is possible that British security services may have been complicit in Bebb's flight. Certainly his companion Pollard had previously been an intelligence agent.[6] The flight itself was planned over lunch at Simpson's in the Strand, where Douglas Francis Jerrold, the conservative Roman Catholic editor of the English Review, met with the journalist Luis Bolín, London correspondent of the ABC Newspaper and later Franco's senior press advisor. Jerrold then persuaded Pollard to join the enterprise, who flew with Bebb as pilot, and daughter Diana Pollard and her friend as passengers to pose as tourists.[7]
Bebb and Pollard were decorated by Franco in recognition of their services. In 1939, as the Spanish Civil War ended, both were awarded the Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Yoke and Arrows.[8]
Later career
During the Second World War, Bebb became chief test pilot at Cunliffe-Owen Aircraft, a British aircraft manufacturer, primarily a repair and overhaul shop, whose work included the Supermarine Seafire. He was also a test pilot at A W Hawkesley Limited (a Hawker Siddeley subsidiary based at Brockworth,Gloucesteshire)[9] In 1946, after the war, he returned to Olley Air Service Ltd.[3] He continued his work in commercial aviation into the 1960s. As an airline executive, he achieved the position of Operations Manager at British United Airways.[10]
In 1970, Franco conferred on Bebb the Order of Civil Merit and the White Cross for Military Merit, in a ceremony in Madrid.
In a 1983 interview for the Granada television documentary The Spanish Civil War, Bebb stated that he had been approached by "a gentleman from Spain, who asked me if I was prepared to go to the Canary islands to get a Rif leader to start an insurrection in Spanish Morocco. I thought 'what a delightful idea, what a great adventure'".[11]
Bebb died on 29 Match 2002, when his death was registered at Sutton, Surrey.[12]
The aircraft that carried Franco to Tetuán in Morocco, a dH89 Dragon Rapide (G-ACYR), was presented to Franco as a gift, after the end of the Second World War, and is now displayed in the Museo del Aire near Madrid.
References
- Alpert, Michael, A New international history of the Spanish Civil War Retrieved March 6, 2010
- King, Harry, Going To Live In Spain: a Practical Guide To Enjoying a New Lifestyle In The Sun Retrieved March 6, 2010
- Macklin, Graham M., Major Hugh Pollard, MI6, and the Spanish Civil War, The Historical Journal (2006), 49:277-280, Cambridge University Press.
- Preston, Paul, Doves of War: Four Women of Spain Retrieved March 6, 2010
- Riess, Curt, They Were There: The Story of World War II And How It Came About Retrieved March 6, 2010
Notes
- ^ David Mathieson, Flying blind, The Guardian, Tuesday 18 July 2006, Retrieved March 6, 2010
- ^ a b Baptisms in the Parish of Hornsey, page 88; "Cecil William H Bebb" in England & Wales, Civil Registration Birth Index, 1837-1915; both at ancestry.co.uk, accessed 25 August 2021 (subscription required)
- ^ a b Colin Cruddas, Those fabulous flying years: joy-riding and flying circuses between the wars, p. 107
- ^ "Mr C W H Bebb" in UK and Ireland, Outward Passenger Lists, 1890-1960 (subscription required)
- ^ a b c George Hills, Franco; the Man and His Nation (1967), pp. 232–233
- ^ Alpert, Michael, p.18, A New International History of the Spanish Civil War Retrieved January 2012
- ^ Macklin, Graham D. (2006). "Major Hugh Pollard, Mi6, and the Spanish Civil War". The Historical Journal. 49 (1): 277–280. doi:10.1017/S0018246X05005121. ISSN 1469-5103.
- ^ Christopher Othen, Franco's International Brigades: Foreign Volunteers and Fascist Dictators in the Spanish Civil War (Reportage Press, 2008), p. 226
- ^ Gloucestershire Archives, Material relating to A W Hawksley Ltd of Hucclecote D7177/1 A W Hawksley's Supervisory Directory p 162 https://catalogue.gloucestershire.gov.uk/records/D7177/1
- ^ Jones, David, The Time Shrinkers : The Development of Civil Aviation between Britain and Africa (London: 1971) p. 250 ISBN 0853410208
- ^ The Spanish Civil War, Granada Television Retrieved 16 October 2019
- ^ "Cecil William H Bebb" in England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1916-2007
External links
- Article by David Mathieson at www.guardian.co.uk July 2006 Retrieved March 6, 2010
- Cecil Bebb at www.terrynorm.ic24.net Retrieved March 6, 2010
- Major Hugh Bertie Campbell Pollard at http://journals.cambridge.org Retrieved March 6, 2010
- Cecil Bebb interviewed on YouTube Retrieved March 6, 2010
- article on Bebb's flight to the Canaries at randompottins blog Retrieved March 6, 2010