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2024 Republican Party presidential debates and forums

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2024 U.S. presidential election
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Debates and forums are taking place among candidates in the campaign for the Republican Party's nomination for president of the United States in the 2024 United States presidential election. The Republican National Committee (RNC) has scheduled official RNC-sanctioned primary debates.

Debates

The RNC announced on June 20 that the first Republican presidential debate will take place at Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on August 23.[1] The second debate will take place on September 27 at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley, California.[2]

Ratings

The following table lists the ratings (number of estimated viewers) of the debates to date.

Debate Date Viewers Network
1 August 23, 2023 12.8 million[3]-13 million[4] Fox News
2 September 27, 2023 TBD Fox Business
3 TBD TBD TBD

Schedule

Debates among candidates for the 2024 Republican Party U.S. presidential nomination
No. Date and time Place Host Participants

 P  Present  A  Absent  I  Invited
 N  Not invited  W  Withdrawn

Binkley Burgum Christie DeSantis Elder Haley Hurd Hutchinson Johnson Pence Ramaswamy Scott Suarez Trump
1[5] August 23, 2023
8 pm CDT 		Fiserv Forum
Milwaukee, WI 		Fox News
Rumble 		N P P P N P N P N P P P N N[a]
2 September 27, 2023
6 pm PDT[8] 		Reagan Library
Simi Valley, CA 		Fox Business
Rumble
Univision 		TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD W TBD
3 November 2023[9] Miami, FL TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD W TBD

August 23, 2023 – Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Qualified candidates for the first debate
Candidate Met donor criterion Met polling criteria (per Politico)[10][11] Signed loyalty pledge Met all three criteria/
invited to the debate 		Additional
ref(s)
National polls State polls
Burgum Yes[12] Yes
(8 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(6 qualifying polls from 2 states) 		Yes[6] Yes [13]
Christie Yes[14] Yes
(18 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(8 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[15] Yes [16]
DeSantis Yes[17] Yes
(18 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(8 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[6] Yes [16]
Haley Yes[18] Yes
(18 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(8 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[6] Yes [16]
Hutchinson Yes[19] Yes
(9 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(5 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[15] Yes [16]
Pence Yes[20] Yes
(18 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(8 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[21] Yes [16]
Ramaswamy Yes[22] Yes
(18 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(8 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[23] Yes [16]
Scott Yes[14] Yes
(18 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(8 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[6] Yes [16]
Trump Yes[17] Yes
(18 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(8 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		No[6] No [16]
Suarez[b] Yes[26] Yes
(2 qualifying polls) 		No
(1 qualifying poll from 1 state) 		Yes[27] No
Johnson Yes[28] No
(1 qualifying poll) 		Yes
(2 qualifying polls from 2 states) 		Yes[29] No
Hurd Yes[30] No
(1 qualifying poll) 		Yes
(4 qualifying polls from 2 states) 		No[6] No
Elder[c] Yes[32] No
(1 qualifying poll) 		No
(1 qualifying poll from 1 state) 		Yes[33] No
Binkley Yes[10] No
(0 qualifying polls) 		No
(1 qualifying poll from 1 state) 		No No

The first Republican primary debate was aired by Fox News and held from 8 p.m. to 10 p.m. Central Time Zone on August 23, 2023, at Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was moderated by Bret Baier and Martha MacCallum.[1]

Criteria

On June 2, 2023, the RNC announced criteria to qualify for the first debate,[34] and it issued a clarification on July 18.[35] Participants will have to meet the following criteria:[34]

  1. Be constitutionally eligible and appropriately filed with the Federal Election Commission.
  2. Sign pledges by August 21 indicating that they will not participate in any non-RNC debate and that they will support the eventual nominee.
  3. Prove to the RNC by August 21 that they have polled above one percent since July in three national polls – or in two national polls and one poll from each of two different early primary states (Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada, and South Carolina). The polls must meet RNC stated standards.[35]
  4. Prove to the RNC by August 21 they have attracted donations from at least 40,000 individuals, with at least 200 from each of 20 states or territories.[36]

On April 25, Donald Trump raised uncertainty about his participation in the debates on Truth Social, saying he had not been consulted about them, did not want to be "libeled" and it was unnecessary given his large polling lead.[37] He was open to participating in the debates in an interview conducted with Bret Baier on Fox News two months later.[38] Weeks later, Chris Christie denounced the pledge requirement, but indicated he had signed the pledge to make it onstage and would not make himself abide by it.[39]

The rules have been noted as relatively strict, compared to the 2016 Republican presidential debates, which had multiple debate nights to accommodate the numerous qualified candidates,[40] as well as an initial debate night with 17 candidates spread over two debates.[41] Asa Hutchinson has stated they will keep some campaigns from the debate while Larry Elder described the rules as "onerous."[42] Perry Johnson called them "ridiculous"[43] and began selling one dollar "I stand with Tucker"[44] and "I identify as Non-Bidenary" T-shirts on Facebook,[45] counting each sale as a campaign donation. Similarly, Ramaswamy's campaign ran Facebook ads asking people for one dollar to "secure a prime spot" at the debate.[44]

The Ron DeSantis campaign reportedly pushed for a higher threshold, likely to consolidate non-Trump votes towards his campaign.[42]

On July 7, the DeSantis campaign said that DeSantis would attend the debate, regardless of Trump's participation.[46]

Nikki Haley and Vivek Ramaswamy have claimed more than 60,000 donations each.[18] Trump, DeSantis and Tim Scott have also purportedly exceeded the 40,000 donor threshold.[17] Christie announced he reached 40,000 donors on July 12.[47] Doug Burgum claimed he met the donor threshold on July 19[12] in part due to offering $20 gift cards for $1 donations.[48]

On July 23, Politico reported that six candidates had unofficially qualified for the debate following the publication of two state polls from Fox News: Trump, DeSantis, Ramaswamy, Haley, Scott, and Christie.[11] Two days later, Burgum unofficially qualified as well.[13]

One of Pence’s advisors announced that the campaign had received "more than 7,400 donations" since Trump's third indictment, which took place on August 1.[49] On August 7, Pence announced he had made it to 40,000 donors, qualifying for the debates.[50] Suarez also announced that he had met the donor threshold.[51]

Trump stated in an interview on Newsmax on August 9 that he would not pledge to support the eventual Republican nominee, one of the requirements to qualify for the debate.[52] On August 14, the Super PAC supporting Suarez claimed that he unofficially qualified for the debate by attaining four national polls, with one percent in each one, though his campaign stated that there was "no announcement at this time".[53]

On August 18, Trump claimed he will skip the first debate, instead opting for an interview with Tucker Carlson.[54] Johnson unofficially qualified for the debate on August 18.[55] Suarez claimed to have qualified the same day, based on the polling criteria, though RNC officials stated that he had not met the criteria.[56] On August 19, a pro-Suarez PAC claimed he unofficially qualified for the debate, but neither the campaign nor any major media outlet confirmed the claims.[25]

Hutchinson unofficially qualified on August 20 after exceeding the donor threshold,[19] while Ryan Binkley met the donor threshold the same day.[57] Trump confirmed via a post on his Truth Social account that he would not attend any of the debates.[58]

There were 26 polls that appeared to qualify for the first debate according to Politico’s analysis: 18 national, three each from Iowa and New Hampshire, and two from South Carolina. However, the RNC never confirmed this number[59] and disqualified a Victory Insights Poll that Politico had originally included.[60]

On August 21, the RNC released the list of invitees to the debate, which included eight candidates: DeSantis, Ramaswamy, Pence, Haley, Christie, Scott, Hutchinson, and Burgum.[41]

Summary

The debate focused on issues relating to the crisis at the border with Mexico, the economy, abortion, and foreign policy.[61] Donald Trump's absence and criminal charges also took up a portion of the debate with candidates taking different positions on whether it would be appropriate for the party to nominate someone who may be criminally convicted. Christie said that Trump was "morally unfit" to be president while he, Haley, Burgum, and Scott defended Pence's actions the day of January 6, refusing directives from Trump to reject certain states' electors.[62] The candidates differed on the issue of abortion, with Scott and Pence supporting a national 15-week ban while Haley called the proposal politically impractical and that states should be left to decide the issue.[63][64] Observers were largely surprised with Ramaswamy's performance and that he, not poll leader DeSantis, was the target of attacks by other candidates; attacks included his lack of political experience and his promise to grant a presidential pardon to Trump.[65][66] Ramaswamy's declaration that the "climate change agenda" is a "hoax" also garnered media attention.[67]

Various candidates were cited as the debate's winner. Ramaswamy was cited as the winner by several commentators and outlets, while others selected DeSantis.[68][69][70] Others pointed to Pence as the debate's winner, pointing to his successful defense of his actions surrounding January 6 as well as appealing to traditional conservatives on the issues of foreign policy and abortion, while some cited Haley as the winner of the debate, arguing she possessed a relatively calm stance on issues and appealed to moderate voters.[71][72]

Polls asking watchers who they thought won the debate were similarly split. A FiveThirtyEight/Ipsos/Washington Post survey of Republican voters found that a plurality of debate watchers thought DeSantis won the debate while polls from Emerson, Insider Polling, and Morning Consult found Ramaswamy as the winner.[73][74][75][76] Christie was the most frequently cited as performing the "loser" in these polls. The FiveThirtyEight poll showed Haley with the largest increase in net favorability while Ramaswamy saw the largest decrease in net favorability, which FiveThirtyEight suggested was due to his combative style. Haley saw the largest increase in the proportion of voters considering, from 30% to 47%, followed by Burgum, DeSantis, and Ramaswamy with more modest increases.[75]

In the RealClear Politics polling average, Haley saw the largest increase in support during the two weeks following the debate, followed by Pence. Trump, who did not participate, saw the largest decrease in support, followed by Scott. No other candidate's support changed by more than 0.6%.[77]

Candidate Pre-debate polls (8/23) [77] Post-debate polls (9/6)[77] ±%
Trump 55.4% 53.6 -1.8
DeSantis 14.3% 14.9% +0.6%
Ramaswamy 7.2% 6.8% -0.4%
Pence 4.0% 4.9% +0.9%
Haley 3.2% 6.1% +2.9%
Scott 3.1% 2.1% -1.0%
Christie 3.0% 2.8% -0.2%
Hutchinson 0.8% 0.5% -0.3%
Burgum 0.6% 0.5% -0.1%
Candidates Speaking time[78][79]
NYT CNN
Pence 12:37 12:26
Ramaswamy 11:47 11:38
Christie 11:22 11:37
DeSantis 10:22 10:01
Haley 8:41 8:20
Scott 8:15 7:57
Burgum 8:00 7:50
Hutchinson 7:33 7:24

September 27, 2023 – Simi Valley, California

Qualified candidates for the second debate
Candidate Met donor criterion Met polling criteria (per Politico)[80][81] Signed loyalty pledge Met all three criteria Invited to the debate Additional
ref(s)
National polls State polls
Christie Yes Yes
(15 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(5 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[15] Yes Pending
DeSantis Yes Yes
(16 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(5 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[6] Yes Pending
Haley Yes Yes
(16 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(4 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[6] Yes Pending
Pence Yes[21] Yes
(16 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(4 qualifying polls from 2 states) 		Yes[21] Yes Pending
Ramaswamy Yes Yes
(16 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(5 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[23] Yes Pending
Scott Yes Yes
(12 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(5 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		Yes[6] Yes Pending
Trump Yes Yes
(16 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(5 qualifying polls from 3 states) 		No[6] No Pending
Burgum Yes Pending
(0 qualifying polls) 		Yes
(2 qualifying polls from 2 states) 		Yes[6] Pending Pending
Johnson Yes[82] Pending
(0 qualifying polls) 		Pending
(0 qualifying polls) 		Yes[29] Pending Pending
Elder Pending
(at least 40,000)[32] 		Pending
(0 qualifying polls) 		Pending
(0 qualifying polls) 		Yes[33] Pending Pending
Hutchinson Pending
(at least 46,000)[83] 		Pending
(1 qualifying polls) 		Pending
(0 qualifying polls) 		Yes[15] Pending Pending
Binkley Pending
(at least 45,000)[57] 		Pending
(0 qualifying polls) 		Pending
(0 qualifying polls) 		Pending Pending Pending
Hurd Pending
(at least 42,500)[30] 		Pending
(0 qualifying polls) 		Pending
(1 qualifying poll from 1 state) 		No[6] No Pending
Suarez No
(at least 40,000)[26] 		No
(0 qualifying polls) 		No
(0 qualifying polls) 		Yes[27] No No
  Withdrawn candidate

The second debate will be held on September 27, 2023, in Simi Valley, California, at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library[2] and hosted by Fox Business, Rumble and Univision.[84] It will be moderated by Stuart Varney, Dana Perino and Ilia Calderón.[8]

Criteria

The RNC announced criteria for the second debate on August 1, 2023.[85]

  1. Sign a pledge indicating that they will support the eventual nominee.[85]
  2. Prove to the RNC that they have polled above three percent as of or after August 1 in two national polls - or in one national poll and one poll from each of two different early primary states (Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada, and South Carolina)[85] by the September 25 deadline.[86] The polls must meet RNC stated standards.
  3. Prove they have attracted donations from at least 50,000 individuals, with at least 200 from each of 20 states or territories.[85]

Seven candidates unofficially qualified for the debate by August 15, according to Politico: Trump, DeSantis, Ramaswamy, Haley, Scott, Christie. Pence unofficially qualified three days later.[81]

Francis Suarez suspended his campaign between the first and second debates.

As of September 5, 21 polls qualified for the second debate according to Politico's analysis: 16 national polls, two each from Iowa and New Hampshire, and one from South Carolina. However, the RNC has not confirmed this number, and a Victory Insights poll that appeared to qualify was disqualified.[60][81]

Speculation about third debate in Alabama in October 2023

The third debate will be held sometime in October 2023, in Alabama, according to Haley;[87] Christie later said the third debate will be in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.[88] Four unnamed RNC sources told The Dispatch that the University of Alabama would host the third debate in "late October or early November".[89] Alabama Republican Party chair John Wahl said he could not comment on whether or not Alabama would host a presidential debate, though he was supportive of the idea and said that the party would have to "wait and see".[90]

Reportedly, the criteria for the third debate will include:

  • 60,000 individual donations.[18]

November 2023 - Miami, Florida

On 14th September 2023, CNN released that sources familiar with this event said that third Republican presidential debate will be held in Miami, Florida in early November 2023. [91]

Controversies

First debate qualification controversy

The first scheduled debate participants were listed in a RNC press release on August 21, 2023.[92] Eight candidates qualified according to RNC Chairwoman Ronna McDaniel although three other candidates also claimed they had qualified (Elder,[31] Johnson[93] and Suarez).[94]

No initial explanation was given as to why Johnson, who had qualified according to Politico’s analysis, or Suarez, who claimed he qualified, had been excluded,[41] though it was later indicated that one of the polls from Victory Insights, which Johnson had used to count towards his total, was discarded as it "only surveyed voters in 38 states".[95] A poll from Rasmussen Reports, which Elder's campaign had believed would help him qualify, was discounted as the RNC claimed that the company was affiliated with Trump.[96] Similarly, Suarez' campaign was hopeful that a poll would count in their favor was discounted as the pollster was affiliated with Ramaswamy.[97] Elder and Johnson announced on August 22 that they would sue the RNC as a result of being excluded.[98] Hurd, who also failed to make the debate stage, strongly criticized the RNC.[99]

After the RNC press release was publicized, Suarez acknowledged that he did not qualify for the debate.[100] Johnson[101] and Elder[102] disputed the RNC debate participant list and contended that they had qualified.

Politico launched its own tracker for debate qualification in March.[103] The methodology and requirements for polling were considered to be unclear by many and created areas of discrepancy. Politico argued that campaigns and pollsters found the polling requirements to be vague and could be used to eliminate seemingly qualified candidates; the RNC did not respond to questions from Politico regarding the polling requirements.[55] According to their tracker and analysis of the polling data, Johnson qualified for the first debate;[41] he issued a press release detailing the timeline/sequence of events and correspondence with the RNC and his campaign.[104]

Johnson began his attacks against the RNC leadership and the debate rules.[105] Elder has also been critical of the fundraising criteria and the fundraising tactics of the Johnson, Ramaswamy, and Burgum campaigns and suggested that the debate rules were rigged for DeSantis.[106]

Johnson stated on August 21 that he will still go to Milwaukee to attend the debate.[107] Elder stated the following day that he plans to attend the debate nonetheless.[108][better source needed] Ultimately, neither Elder or Johnson were invited or attended the debate. Elder stated that "Not only was I barred from the debate, I was barred from the debate venue. They posted a notice and told security if Elder or Elder's campaign showed up, don't let them in. So what am I now, a terrorist?"[109][better source needed] NBC correspondent Dasha Burns posted a picture on social media that was on the security desk that detailed who was not allowed at the debate venue. This included Elder and his campaign, three Trump staffers (Jason Miller, Justin Caparole and Danny Tiso) and Vivek Ramaswamy campaign credentials. Fox News clarified that it was not involved with the "production of the document" and "did not sanction" the wording.[110]

McDaniel defended the criteria, stating that "they were applied ... equally to every candidate",[111] as did Keith Schipper, an RNC spokesman.[112]

Forums

In addition to the RNC-sanctioned debates, many private organizations host forums focusing on select issues and candidates. Unlike debates, candidates do not respond directly to each other at forums.

Forums among candidates for the 2024 Republican Party U.S. presidential nomination
No. Name Date and place Host Ref Participants*
 P  Participant.  I  Invitee.  N  Non-invitee.  A  Absent invitee.
 O  Out of race (had not yet declared candidacy).  W  Withdrawn. 		Binkley Burgum Christie DeSantis Elder Haley Hurd Hutchinson Johnson Pence Ramaswamy Scott Suarez Trump
1 Vision '24 Forum March 18, 2023
N. Charleston, SC 		Palmetto Family Council [113] O O O O O P O P[d] A O P P[d] O A
2 NRA-ILA Leadership Forum April 14, 2023
Indianapolis, IN 		NRA Institute for
Legislative Action 		[114] N O O O O A[e] O P A P[d] P O O P
3 Spring Kick-off Event April 22, 2023
Clive, IA 		Faith and Freedom Coalition [115] N O O O P A P[d] P P P[d] P P[d] O A[e]
4 Roast and Ride June 3, 2023
Des Moines, IA 		U.S. Senator Joni Ernst [116] N O O P P P O P P P[d] P P O A
5 Road to Majority Policy Conference June 22, 2023
June 23, 2023
June 24, 2023
Washington, DC 		Faith and Freedom Coalition [117] N N P P P P P P P P P P P P
6 Joyful Warriors National Summit June 30, 2023
July 1, 2023
Philadelphia, PA 		Moms for Liberty [118] N N N P N P N P N N P N N P
7 FAMiLY Leadership Summit[f] July 14, 2023
Des Moines, IA 		The Family Leader
 [119] N N N P N P N P N P P P N A
8 Lincoln Dinner July 28, 2023
Des Moines, IA 		Iowa GOP [120] P P N P P P P P P P P P P P
9 The Gathering August 18, 2023
Atlanta, GA 		Erick Erickson [121] N N P P N P N N N P P P N N

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Trump refused to sign the loyalty pledge, which disqualified him from participating.[6] Trump instead participated in an interview with former Fox News host Tucker Carlson which aired on Twitter on the night of the debate.[7]
  2. ^ A pro-Suarez PAC, SOS America PAC, had claimed that Suarez had three additional qualifying polls. Two anonymous senior advisors for the Republican National Committee (RNC) stated that these polls did not meet their outlined criteria.[24][25]
  3. ^ Elder's campaign had claimed that their candidate had two additional qualifying national polls.[31]
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Individual was not a formal candidate at time of forum attendance.
  5. ^ a b Appeared in a video message.
  6. ^ Other invited guests include Kristi Noem and Democrats Joe Biden and Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (all declined).

References

  1. ^ a b Garrity, Kelly (June 20, 2023). "Your guide to the first Republican presidential primary debate". Politico. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  2. ^ a b Isenstadt, Alex (August 1, 2023). "Revealed: The criteria and date for the second Republican primary debate". Politico. Retrieved August 2, 2023.
  3. ^ Mastrangelo, Dominick (August 24, 2023). "Debate ratings: 12.8 million watched GOP candidates minus Trump battle on Fox News". The Hill. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  4. ^ Webb Mitovich, Matt (August 24, 2023). "First GOP Debate Draws 13 Million, Gives Fox News the Most-Watched Non-Sports Cable Telecast of 2023". TVLine. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  5. ^ Kamisar, Ben (August 21, 2023). "Eight candidates qualify for the first Republican presidential debate". NBC News. Retrieved August 22, 2023.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Mueller, Julia (August 10, 2023). "Here's where 2024 Republicans stand on the RNC's loyalty pledge". The Hill. Retrieved August 22, 2023.
  7. ^ Sforza, Lauren (August 23, 2023). "Here's how to watch Trump's Tucker Carlson interview". The Hill. Retrieved August 23, 2023.
  8. ^ a b Isenstadt, Alex (August 30, 2023). "Moderators for the 2nd GOP debate unveiled". Politico. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
  9. ^ Bradner, Kristen Holmes,Eric (September 14, 2023). "First on CNN: Third Republican debate will be in Miami, sources say | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved September 14, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ a b Montellaro, Zach; Shepard, Steven (August 19, 2023). "POLITICO's 2024 GOP presidential debate qualifying tracker". Politico. Retrieved August 19, 2023.
  11. ^ a b "POLITICO's 2024 GOP presidential debate qualifying tracker". Google Docs. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  12. ^ a b Anthony, Michael (July 19, 2023). "Burgum hits donor requirements, one step closer to Republican debate stage". KFYR-TV. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Montellaro, Zach; Shepard, Steven (July 25, 2023). "North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum qualifies for first GOP primary debate". Politico. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  14. ^ a b Vakil, Caroline (July 12, 2023). "Christie, Scott notch RNC donor requirement for first GOP debate". The Hill. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  15. ^ a b c d "Here's who has qualified for the first Republican presidential debate". KCRA. August 21, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2023.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h Montellaro, Zach; Shepard, Steven (July 23, 2023). "Trump just qualified for the first debate. But will he show up?". Politico. Retrieved August 21, 2023.
  17. ^ a b c Allison, Natalie; Isenstadt, Alex (July 2, 2023). "The first GOP debate is at risk of losing its draw". Politico. Retrieved July 3, 2023.
  18. ^ a b c Cai, Sophia (July 8, 2023). "2024 up-and-coming GOP fundraisers emerge". Axios. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  19. ^ a b Montellaro, Zach; Cohen, David (August 20, 2023). "Asa Hutchinson says he has qualified for GOP debate". Politico. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
  20. ^ Steinhauser, Paul (August 7, 2023). "Pence announces he's reached donor threshold to qualify for first Republican presidential debate". Fox News. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
  21. ^ a b c Samuels, Brett (August 18, 2023). "Pence campaign says he has qualified for second GOP debate". The Hill. Retrieved August 18, 2023.
  22. ^ Jacquez, Joe (July 21, 2023). "Ramaswamy clinches donor threshold for first GOP debate: campaign". The Hill. Retrieved July 21, 2023.
  23. ^ a b Scherer, Michael (August 8, 2023). "RNC signs first candidate for debate with pledge to support nominee". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 11, 2023.
  24. ^ Flechas, Joey; Blaskey, Sarah; Greenwood, Max (August 18, 2023). "RNC advisers shoot down Suarez's claim he qualified for the GOP debate in Milwaukee". The Miami Herald. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
  25. ^ a b @sosamericapac (August 19, 2023). "Mayor Suarez has the qualifying polls: 3 national>>> Kaplan, 2 morning consult, and a Fox Business state poll in Iowa. He also has a Cygnal poll at 1% nationally. He has hit the donor threshold . He has qualified for Wednesdays debate ! @FrancisSuarez @GOPChairwoman" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  26. ^ a b @FrancisSuarez (August 7, 2023). "I am extremely pleased to announce that my campaign has today passed the 40,000 unique donor threshold set by the @GOP to make the debate stage" (Tweet). Retrieved August 7, 2023 – via Twitter.
  27. ^ a b @kaitlancollins (August 18, 2023). ""They have not yet given me that final certification," Mayor Suarez says regarding qualifying for the RNC's debate, though he says he's confident he will, has booked the plane tickets to Milwaukee and signed the loyalty pledge. More on that pledge from our interview here:" (Tweet). Retrieved August 22, 2023 – via Twitter.
  28. ^ @Kjwalsh_news (August 5, 2023). ".@PJQualityGuru announced that he hit the donor threshold for the RNC debate at the Amherst GOP committee's monthly meeting. Perry Johnson spoke following @Mike_Pence brief stop. "I was informed yesterday that we hit the 40,000 donors. So, we do have 40,000 donors."" (Tweet). Retrieved August 5, 2023 – via Twitter.
  29. ^ a b Johnson, Perry [@PJQualityGuru] (August 21, 2023). "Perry Johnson on Twitter: "I've said it since day one: our number one objective in 2024 is to #FireBiden! I am prepared to not only debate in Milwaukee Wednesday, but am ready to take on @JoeBiden and his miserable record in the fall. Officially signed the RNC's Beat Biden Pledge today!"" (Tweet). Retrieved August 21, 2023 – via Twitter.
  30. ^ a b @WillHurd (August 17, 2023). "We did it, y'all. Thank you to everyone who donated and helped us cross the 40,000 donor threshold. Next up, 50,000!" (Tweet). Retrieved August 17, 2023 – via Twitter.
  31. ^ a b Larry Elder [@larryelder] (August 22, 2023). "I am proud to announce that my campaign has qualified for the RNC Presidential Debate in Milwaukee!" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  32. ^ a b @ShaneGoldmacher (August 21, 2023). "New: Larry Elder has surpassed the 40,000 donors needed to make the first debate, according to an adviser. He hasn't topped the RNC's polling threshold yet. Deadline is 9 p.m." (Tweet). Retrieved August 21, 2023 – via Twitter.
  33. ^ a b @larryelder (August 22, 2023). "I intend to sue the RNC to halt Wednesday's presidential debate. I said from the beginning that it appeared the rules of the game were rigged, little did we know just how rigged it is. For some reason, the establishment leaders at the RNC are afraid of having my voice on the debate stage. Just as I had to fight to successfully be on the ballot in the California recall election, I will fight to be on that debate stage because I fully met all of the requirements to do so. See more information from my campaign below:" (Tweet). Retrieved August 22, 2023 – via Twitter.
  34. ^ a b "RNC ANNOUNCES CRITERIA AND DATE FOR FIRST DEBATE IN MILWAUKEE". RNC. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
  35. ^ a b Montellaro, Zach; Shepard, Steven (July 18, 2023). "Trump, 5 rivals on cusp of qualifying for first GOP debate". Politico. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
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