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Fatehpur district

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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh. For the town in Agra district, U.P., see Fatehpur Sikri.

Fatehpur district
District of Uttar Pradesh
Fort in Fatehpur
Fort in Fatehpur
Location of Fatehpur district in Uttar Pradesh
Location of Fatehpur district in Uttar Pradesh
Country India
StateUttar Pradesh
DivisionPrayagraj
HeadquartersFatehpur
TehsilsFatehpur, Bindki and Khaga
Government
 • District collectorShruti (IAS)[1]
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesFatehpur (Lok Sabha constituency)
 • Vidhan Sabha constituencies
Area
 • Total
4,152 km2 (1,603 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
2,632,733
 • Density630/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
 • Urban
321,993 (12.2%)
Demographics
 • Literacy67.4%
 • Sex ratio901
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationUP-71
Major highwaysNH 19
Websitefatehpur.nic.in

Fatehpur District is one of the 75 districts of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The district covers an area of4,152 square kilometres (1,603 sq mi). The district has a population of 2,632,733 (2011 Census). Fatehpur city is the administrative headquarters of the district. Located on the banks of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers, Fatehpur was mentioned in the puranic literature. The ghats of Bhitaura and Asani were described as sacred in the puranas. Bhitaura, the site of the sage Bhrigu, was an important source of learning. Fatehpur district is a part of Prayagraj division.

This district is situated between two important cities, Prayagraj and Kanpur of the state of Uttar Pradesh. It is well connected with those cities by train routes and roads. The distance from Prayagraj is 117 km and from Kanpur is 76 km. It falls on the Howrah-Delhi train route between Prayagraj and Kanpur. Grand Trunk Road also passes by this city. The north boundary of the district is limited by the river Ganges and its southern boundary is the river Yamuna.

Etymology

Fatehpur district is named after it headquarters, the town Fatehpur. According to local legends, the name is derived from a battle won by Ibrahim Shah of Jaunpur over Raja Sita Nand of Athgarhia. The name of the conqueror is sometimes given as Jalal-ud-din, the ruler of Bengal. According to another tradition, the name is traced to Fateh-mand Khan who supposedly founded the town. It is based on a fragmentary inscription found at Denda Sai, in tehsil Khaga, which mentions Fatehmand Khan, an officer of Sultan Ala-ud-din, obtained a Farman from him in 1519 A.D. Confusion arises from the fact that in 1519 A.D. there was no king of the name, Ala-ud-din, and the title of the Sultan must be wrong even if the date is correct. Also, Denda Sai is about 48 km. from Fatehpur.[2]

History

In the 18th century, Fatehpur district was part of the subah of Korah and was under the government of the wazir of Awadh. In 1736, it was captured by the Marathas, who retained possession of it until, 1750 when they were ousted by the Pathans of Fatehpur. In 1753, it was reconquered by the nawab of Awadh. In 1765, by a treaty between the East India Company and the Nawab, Korah was turned over to the Delhi emperor, who retained it until 1774, when it was again restored to the Nawab wazir. Finally in 1801, the Nawab, by treaty, reconveyed it to the Company in commutation with the amount which he had stipulated to pay in return for the defense of his country.

Fatehpur is a historic region in the context of the Great Indian Mutiny of 1857. In June 1857, the district rebelled, with order being reestablished after the Siege of Lucknow.[3]

Demographics

Religions in Fatehpur district (2011)[4]
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 86.40%
Muslims
 
 13.32%
Other or not stated
 
 0.28%
Distribution of religions

According to the 2011 census, Fatehpur district has a population of 2,632,733[5] roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait[6] or the US state of Nevada.[7] It ranks of 154th in India (out of a total of 640).[5] The district has a population density of 634 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,640/sq mi).[5] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14.05%.[5] Fatehpur has a sex ratio of 901 females for every 1000 males,[5] and a literacy rate of 67.43%. Scheduled castes represent 24.75% of the population.[5]

Languages of Fatehpur district (2011)[8]

  Hindi (97.48%)
  Urdu (2.49%)
  Others (0.03%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 97.48% of the population in the district spoke Hindi and 2.49% spoke Urdu as their first language.[8] The local dialect is Awadhi. This districts' main religion is Hindu, with 86.4% of population, follwed by Islam with 13.32 % of the population.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901681,848—    
1911672,459−0.14%
1921648,065−0.37%
1931684,218+0.54%
1941801,574+1.60%
1951902,928+1.20%
19611,066,028+1.67%
19711,278,549+1.83%
19811,572,751+2.09%
19911,899,387+1.90%
20012,308,384+1.97%
20112,632,733+1.32%
source:[9]

Divisions

The district is divided into three sub-districts (tehsils): Fatehpur, Bindki, and Khaga.

These sub-districts are further divided into thirteen development blocks:

  • Airayan
  • Amauli
  • Asothar
  • Bahua
  • Bhitaura
  • Devmai
  • Dhata
  • Haswa
  • Hathgam
  • Khajuha
  • Malwan
  • Telyani
  • Vijayipur

Culture

Korari is archaeologically significant. It has two brick temples with intricate carvings on the outer faces. One temple is tilted in its axis about four degrees. Every panel has a different design.

Ghazipur is an ancient town. Chinese monk Huan Tsuang visited here in the mid 600s. It includes numerous historic structures and sites including Paina Quila (fort), Ghazipur Quila (fort; now a police station), Dargah (tomb), Tuglaki Maszid (mosque), and Murchaura (battlefield). It also includes the Subhas Market and Purani Bazaar

Bhitaura is situated on the bank of the Ganges where the river flows the the north; this is important to the Hindu religtion. This is where Saint Bhrigu was worshipped, giving it the name Bhrigu Thaura

Dhata is famous for its statue of Ravana and the Temple of Dadua in Kabraha. Dhata is located at the end of Fatehpur district consisting of twelve Purvas.

Notable people

Transport

Roadways

Fatehpur is connected to other parts of Uttar Pradesh and India by national and state highways. The National Highway 19 (NH19) passes through Fatehpur. Fatehpur is 70 km from Kanpur, 117 km from Prayagraj and state capital Lucknow is 137 km away. There are frequent buses to Kanpur, Prayagraj, Banda, and Lucknow.

Railways

Fatehpur is connected with important cities by train. Fatehpur Station is on the main route of New Delhi-Howrah. It has the longest platform of any station on the route from Howrah to Delhi.

On 10 July 2011, a derailment near Malwan killed seventy passengers and injured more than 300.[10]

Air

The nearest airport is Kanpur Airport which is 69.6 km from Fatehpur. It is also accessible from Prayagraj Airport (124 km).

References

  1. ^ "Who's Who - Fatehpur District". fatehpur.nic.in. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
  2. ^ "History | District Fatehpur, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India". fatehpur.nic.in. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
  3. ^  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Fatehpur". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 199.
  4. ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "District Census Handbook: Fatehpur" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  6. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Kuwait 2,595,62
  7. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Nevada 2,700,551
  8. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Uttar Pradesh". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  9. ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  10. ^ "India Train Crash Death Toll Climbs to 68". The Guardian. Associated Press. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
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