2023 National People's Congress
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The 2023 National People's Congress, officially the First Session of the 14th National People's Congress (Chinese: 第十四届全国人民代表大会第一次会议), was held in March 2023 at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China. The session opened on 5 March and concluded on 13 March. Major state positions of China were elected in this session.[1]
Preparation
On 30 December 2022, the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress announced that the 14th NPC would open its first session on 5 March.[2]
On 4 March 2023, the Council of Chairpersons of the Standing Committee of the 13th NPC held its 136th meeting. The meeting submitted the draft list of the presidium and secretary-general of the upcoming NPC session, along with its the draft agenda.[3] The same day, the preparatory meeting of the first session of the 14th NPC was held, presided by NPC Standing Committee chairman Li Zhanshu. The meeting elected the presidium and secretary-general, and adopted the submitted agenda.[4] Zhao Leji was elected as the chairman of the presidium.
The session
The first session opened on 5 March, presided by Presidium Chairman Zhao Leji. Premier Li Keqiang gave a work during the meeting. Delegates voted to appoint the chairperson, vice chairpersons and members of two special committees; the Constitution and Law Committee and the Financial and Economic Affairs Committee.[5]
On 7 March, the second plenary meeting of the first session was held. During the meeting, NPCSC chairman Li Zhanshu, Supreme People's Court president Zhou Qiang, and Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate Zhang Jun gave work reports. State Councilor Xiao Jie gave an explanatory speech about reforming State Council institutions.[6]
On 10 March, the third plenary meeting was held. During the meeting, the NPC voted to elect the president and vice president of the PRC, chairman of the PRC Central Military Commission, chairman of the NPCSC as well as other state leaders. The NPC also voted on the plan to reform State Council institutions.[7] On 11 March, the fourth plenary meeting was held. The premier, vice chairpersons of the CMC, director of the National Supervisory Commission, president of the Supreme People's Court, Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate as well as members of the NPCSC.[8] The fifth plenary meeting, held on 12 March, elected the new State Council, including vice premiers, state councilors, secretary-general and ministers.[9]
On 13 March, the closing meeting of the first session was held; President Xi Jinping delivered a speech.[10] One of the most attention grabbing reforms outlined is to set up a new state-level regulatory body called National Data Bureau (NDB) to centrally manage data resources across the country. About 15 government organisations are currently involved in data regulation and governance, which has caused barriers, incoordination and inefficiency. Prior to the reform, 18 local data autorities have been set up since 2015. These have provided a solid foundation for the establishment of the NDB. In addition, Xi announced the establishment of a Central Science and Technology Commission to speed up indigenous innovation efforts.[11][12]
Economic targets and budget
The following economic targets were set by the government work report submitted to the NPC:[13][14][15][16]
| 2023 target | |
|---|---|
| GDP growth | ~5% |
| CPI | ~3% |
| New urban jobs | 12 million |
| Deficit-to-GDP ratio | 3% |
The NPC session also adopted the following budget:[17]
| 2022 in trillion ¥ | 2023 in trillion ¥ | % change | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Military budget | 1.55 | 7.2 |
Elections
Presidential election
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Election results
| NPCSC Chairman Election | NPCSC Secretary-general Election | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | For | Against | Abstain | Candidates | For | Against | Abstain |
| Zhao Leji | 2952 | 0 | 0 | Liu Qi | 2952 | 0 | 0 |
| Presidential Election | Vice Presidential Election | ||||||
| Candidates | For | Against | Abstain | Candidates | For | Against | Abstain |
| Xi Jinping | 2952 | 0 | 0 | Han Zheng | 2952 | 0 | 0 |
| NPCSC Vice Chairperson Election | NSC Director Election | ||||||
| Candidates | For | Against | Abstain | Candidates | For | Against | Abstain |
| Li Hongzhong | 2950 | 1 | 1 | Liu Jinguo | 2943 | 3 | 1 |
| Wang Dongming | 2952 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Xiao Jie | |||||||
| Zheng Jianbang | |||||||
| Ding Zhongli | |||||||
| Hao Mingjin | |||||||
| Cai Dafeng | |||||||
| He Wei | Liu Yuan | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Wu Weihua | |||||||
| Tie Ning | |||||||
| Peng Qinghua | |||||||
| Zhang Qingwei | |||||||
| Losang Jamcan | |||||||
| Shohrat Zakir | |||||||
| Premierial Election | Vice Premierial Election | ||||||
| Li Qiang | 2936 | 3 | 8 | Ding Xuexiang | 2944 | 0 | 2 |
| He Lifeng | 2943 | 3 | 0 | ||||
| Zhang Guoqing | 2946 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Liu Guozhong | 2946 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| CMC Chairmanship Election | CMC Vice Chairmanship Election | ||||||
| Candidates | For | Against | Abstain | Candidates | For | Against | Abstain |
| Xi Jinping | 2952 | 0 | 0 | Zhang Youxia | 2944 | 1 | 2 |
| He Weidong | 2947 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Supreme Court President Election | Procurator-General Election | ||||||
| Candidates | For | Against | Abstain | Candidates | For | Against | Abstain |
| Zhang Jun | 2947 | 1 | 3 | Ying Yong | 2947 | 3 | 7 |
References
- ^ "China's national legislature to convene annual session on March 5". The State Council of the People's Republic of China. 2022-12-30.
- ^ "China's national legislature to convene annual session on March 5". Xinhua News Agency. 30 December 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "十三届全国人大常委会举行第一百三十六次委员长会议" [The Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress held the 136th Chairman's Meeting]. National People's Congress. 4 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "（两会受权发布）十四届全国人大一次会议举行预备会议" [(Authorized release by the two sessions) The first session of the 14th National People's Congress held a preparatory meeting]. China News Service. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "China's national legislature starts annual session". Xinhua News Agency. 6 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "China's national legislature holds 2nd plenary meeting of annual session". Xinhua News Agency. 7 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "National legislature to elect Chinese president, other state leaders". State Council of the People's Republic of China. 11 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "China's national legislature to vote on new premier". Xinhua News Agency. 11 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "China's national legislature decides on new cabinet lineup". State Council of the People's Republic of China. 12 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "Highlights of Xi's speech at closing meeting of 14th NPC session". China Daily. 13 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ https://thechinaproject.com/2023/03/20/chinas-new-national-data-bureau-what-it-is-and-what-it-is-not/
- ^ https://thediplomat.com/2023/09/what-is-the-state-of-the-chinese-state/ https://thediplomat.com/2023/09/what-is-the-state-of-the-chinese-state/
- ^ "China targets economic growth of around 5 pct in 2023". State Council of the People's Republic of China. 5 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "China targets inflation of around 3 pct in 2023". State Council of the People's Republic of China. 5 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "China aims to create around 12 mln urban jobs in 2023". State Council of the People's Republic of China. 5 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "China's deficit-to-GDP ratio projected at 3 pct for 2023". State Council of the People's Republic of China. 5 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "China's 2023 defense budget to rise by 7.2 pct, remaining single-digit for 8th year". State Council of the People's Republic of China. 5 March 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ Wei, Changhao (25 February 2023). "(Still) Mostly Han Men: Demographics of the 14th NPC". NPC Observer. Retrieved 15 March 2023.