User:Marleec25/Haliclystus auricula
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Haliclystus auricula is a stalked jellyfish or Kaleidoscope jellyfish named for its shape resembling a funnel-shaped kaleidoscope that has eight arms. The Staurozoan is is classified within the phylum Cnidaria[1] under the kingdom Animalia. Under its genus, H. auricula is considered It is the type species for its genus[2].
Article body
Name
The scientific name is credited to James-Clark in 1863[1]. However, in 2010, Natural England, The Guardian, and the Oxford University Museum of Natural History ran a competition asking members of the public to provide a common name for this species. The name "Kaleidoscope Jellyfish," submitted by Kepler Petzall, was eventually chosen. Runner-up names included Fractal flower jellyfish and Mermaid's trumpet jellyfish.
Taxonomy
The defining morphological characteristic for H. auricula is the presence of a tentacular cluster of internal intertentacular lobules[3]. H. auricula also resembles another species called H. antarcticus and as a result of this many scientists go debate on whether or not they exhibit synonymy based on morphological features[3].
Description
H. auricula is 2-2.5 cm tall and funnel shaped with a long stalk, a central mouth, and eight radiating arms that can have, at most, 100 kidney-shaped tentacles that are found at the tip that is an identifying feature for this species[1]. the stalk accounting for half of the height of the organism. The remainder of the organism is shaped like a funnel, The coloring of H. auricula can range from a grey-ish green color to a reddish-brown color[1] and it is likely that they will often blend into the algae that they are attached to[4]. the colour of which varies across the species from grey/green to red/brown. It has eight arms which radiate out from a central mouth. Each arm is tipped by clusters of up to 100 tentacles and connected by a thin membrane. Primary tentacles known as anchors are located on the membrane margin between the arms. The kidney-shape of these appendages is a key distinguishing feature of this species.
Distribution
H. auricula is one of ten species of its genus, Haliclystus, found in the Northern hemisphere[3]. It is very sensitive to pollution. The populations along the British coastline are in decline. Its presence has been noted off the coast of Greenland, Iceland, Portugal, France, Ireland, UK, Germany, northwestern US, around Gulf of St. Lawrence, Baltic Sea, North Sea, and some appearances in the western hemisphere[3]. Distribution includes the Shetland Isles, Orkney, western coast of England, Scotland and Ireland.
References
- ^ a b c d "Kaleidoscope jellyfish (Haliclystus auricula): Marine Evidence–based Sensitivity Assessment (MarESA) Review" (PDF). Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. doi:10.17031/MARLINSP.2051.2.
- ^ Holst, Sabine; Heins, Anneke; Laakmann, Silke (2019-04-29). "Morphological and molecular diagnostic species characters of Staurozoa (Cnidaria) collected on the coast of Helgoland (German Bight, North Sea)". Marine Biodiversity. 49 (4): 1775–1797. doi:10.1007/s12526-019-00943-1. ISSN 1867-1616.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: year (link) - ^ a b c d Miranda, Lucília S.; Morandini, André C.; Marques, Antonio C. (2009-06-17). "Taxonomic review of Haliclystus antarcticus Pfeffer, 1889 (Stauromedusae, Staurozoa, Cnidaria), with remarks on the genus Haliclystus Clark, 1863". Polar Biology. 32 (10): 1507–1519. doi:10.1007/s00300-009-0648-8. ISSN 0722-4060.
- ^ Zagal, Carolina J. (2004-04-01). "Population biology and habitat of the stauromedusa Haliclystus auricula in southern Chile". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 84 (2): 331–336. doi:10.1017/S0025315404009233h. ISSN 0025-3154.