Cornwall Park, Hastings
| Cornwall Park | |
|---|---|
| Papa Rēhia o Mākaramū (Māori) | |
 Coronation drinking fountain in the Park | |
 | |
| Type | Public |
| Location | Hastings, New Zealand |
| Coordinates | 39°37′53″S 176°50′51″E / 39.6313°S 176.8474°E |
| Area | 83,365 square metres (897,330 sq ft)[1] |
| Opened | November 1905 |
| Website | hastingsdc.govt.nz |
Cornwall Park is a public park in Mahora, a suburb of Hastings, New Zealand, named for King George V.
The land was bought by the council in 1901, and the park opened to the public in November 1905. Today the park has many key facilities such as the Osmanthus Garden, John Holt Memorial Display House, and Cornwall Cricket Club, amongst others.
Name
The park is named after King George V, the then Duke of York and Cornwall, who had visited New Zealand the year the park opened.[2]
The Māori language name for the park, Papa Rēhia o Mākaramū, literally translates to "Mākaramū Park". The Mākaramū used to be a major arm of the Ngaruroro River as it flowed through the Heretaunga Plains around Hastings. Today it is a stream that flows through the park.
History
Hastings in the late 19th century lacked a major public park. Public events and sporting at the time relied on organisations and individuals allowing such activities to happen on private land. In 1897, a public meeting was held to discuss ways and means by which the council could acquire such a park. Ideas such as a lease for the use of William Stock's trotting course or a site near the district school were rejected for being overly expensive. What is now Queen's Square was purchased by the council during this time.[2]
In 1898, 21 acres of land for use as a public park were offered by James Nelson Williams under the conditions that it was ploughed and that areas be set aside for the planting of trees that he would supervise. The reserve was acquired in 1901 and would be the start of what Cornwall Park is today. At the time the council lacked major funds so the park was left for grazing, until a movement lobbied the council to vote on spending money to establish recreational grounds. £210 was authorised to be spent towards this. A road was built through the park and then a cycling and athletic club was established which held the first sports event on the fields when the park opened in November 1905. Apart from this area set out for recreation, much of the park was undeveloped grazing land for several years.[2]
Following the death of King Edward VII, the "patriotic" community of Hastings mourned but soon conversations moved to a coronation memorial. Eight ideas were proposed but the idea for a drinking fountain at Cornwall Park put forth by local V. E. Larcombe was chosen. £212 17s was accepted for the construction of the fountain from E. and W. Platt from Wellington. The "gigantic" columns came from afar as Aberdeen, Scotland and the marble slabs came from Australia. The fountain featured lion statues modelled after a real lion who lived in the Newtown zoo.[3]
In the late 1920s, Christchurch landscape architect A. W. Buxton land out plans for the improvement of Cornwall Park. From this plan the park gained its entrance gates, its flower beds, some duck ponds, its aviary, its tea kiosk, a miniature zoo, and a children's playground. The park's zoo had monkeys, peacocks, pheasants and mandarin ducks.[4][5] A bandstand was built in the park in the 1920s but was later torn down and replaced with artesian walls.[6]
The late 1930s saw the First Labour Government's public works initiatives, which benefited the park greatly through the use of formerly unemployed labourers to build seats and bridges under architect E. W. Garnett.[7] The current duck ponds were built where the old tennis courts were during this period.
In 2023, to celebrate Hastings' 150 year anniversary, trees were planted and a commemorative plaque was installed. A time capsule of letters written by school children was buried.[8]
Also in 2023, a tree was planted in the park to commemorate the coronation of King Charles III. Although a "royal oak" tree is traditional, the native kahikatea tree was chosen instead.[9]
Facilities
Osmanthus Garden
The Osmanthus Garden is a traditional Chinese garden located in the park. Established in 1996, the garden commemorates the 15 year anniversary of sister-city status between Hastings and Guilin, China. The garden combine New Zealand and Chinese styles and plants, with bamboo, camellia, and the eponymous osmanthus.[10] The garden also has ponds and a "friendship bridge".[11] The garden was designed by Guilin landscape designer Zhao Jian.[12]
John Holt Memorial Display House
The John Holt Memorial Display House is a heated glasshouse in the park. It was opened in March 1966 after it was donated by Mrs R. V. Burr, the daughter of the eponymous John Holt. Hastings Mayor R. V. Giorgi was present. The glasshouse contains thousands of potted plants and flowers.[13][5] The glasshouse was designed by local architect D. Scott.[14]
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Coronation drinking fountain
The King George V Coronation drinking fountain is on the New Zealand Heritage List as a Historic Place Category 2. The fountain was erected in 1911.[14]
Tea kiosk
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A tea kiosk in "modern renaissance style" was constructed in November 1928, designed by local architect Harold Davies. Funds were set aside by council to the tune of £150 from the Municipal Theatre account. The total cost ended up near £1225. The rooftop of the building was able to be used as a band stand. The first tenant of the building was one Mrs A. Kirby. According to Kirby the building "was not even cracked by the quake", referring to how it faired in the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake. A fire closed the tea rooms in 1957. The Hawke's Bay Playcentre Association leased the building from 1970, removing the bandstand and adding on a playground.[6]
Aviary
The park hosts a popular aviary with around 100 birds, consisting mainly of cockatiels, lorikeets, and budgerigars.[15] Fifteen red-eared slider turtles live in the aviary alongside the birds.[16]
In early 2023 the council started upgrading the aviary after community consultation. The upgrades consisted of more space for the birds and more plants for them to perch on and concrete and steel netting were replaced. A mural by local artist Brandon Blair was added and new signage was installed. The upgrades were done under the recommendation of the Wildlife Trust and Massey University. The upgrades also involved fixing damage from Cyclone Gabrielle which caused a tree branch to fall onto the aviary. The upgrades to the aviary were finished in July 2023.[16][17]
The Cockatoos that were housed there, named "Mate" and "Stevie Nicks", were moved during the upgrades. It has been decided they won't be moved back in due to health concerns.[18]
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Playground
The first children's playground in the park was built around 1924.[5] The playground was upgraded in 2019.[19]
Cricket
Cricket was first played in the park in 1906. In the 1930s, the park was flattened and the grass cared to in order to improve conditions for cricket, with room for four cricket pitches in summer and two hockey fields in winter. The first cricket clubhouse was built in 1935, with the current one built in 1996.[5] The Cornwall Cricket Club is based in the clubhouse.
References
- ^ Cornwall Park Reserves Management Plan. Hastings District Council. 2019. p. 50.
- ^ a b c Boyd, Mary Beatrice (1984). City of the Plains - A History of Hastings. Victoria University Press. pp. 154–155. ISBN 9780864730220.
- ^ Boyd, Mary Beatrice (1984). City of the Plains - A History of Hastings. Victoria University Press. p. 194. ISBN 9780864730220.
- ^ Boyd, Mary Beatrice (1984). City of the Plains - A History of Hastings. Victoria University Press. p. 290. ISBN 9780864730220.
- ^ a b c d Fowler, Michael (2018). A history of Cornwall Park 1898-2018 - part of Cornwall Park Reserves Management Plan 2019. Hastings District Council. pp. 6–9.
- ^ a b "Cornwall Park has colourful history". NZ Herald. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ Boyd, Mary Beatrice (1984). City of the Plains - A History of Hastings. Victoria University Press. p. 279. ISBN 9780864730220.
- ^ "Hastings 150th anniversary celebrations likely held under dark skies". NZ Herald. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ "Mark King Charles' coronation with tree-planting at Cornwall Park". NZ Herald. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ "Album: A glimpse of traditional Chinese Osmanthus garden in New Zealand-Xinhua". english.news.cn. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ "Osmanthus Garden - Hastings District | Hawke's Bay NZ". www.hawkesbaynz.com. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ Cornwall Park Reserves Management Plan. Hastings District Council. 2019. p. 11.
- ^ "Newspaper Article 1966 – Holt memorial display opened today". knowledgebank.org.nz. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ a b Cornwall Park Reserves Management Plan. Hastings District Council. 2019. p. 15.
- ^ "Cornwall Park Bird Aviary | Hastings District Council". www.hastingsdc.govt.nz. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ a b "You can't miss the bright upgraded Cornwall Park aviary". NZ Herald. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ "Hastings: Work begins on Cornwall Park aviary upgrade". NZ Herald. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ "Cornwall Park's large parrots won't be returning to upgraded aviary". NZ Herald. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2023-11-10.
- ^ "State-of-the-art playground coming to Cornwall Park". NZ Herald. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2023-11-10.