Shanghai Pudong International Airport
Shanghai Pudong International Airport 上海浦东国际机场 Shànghǎi Pǔdōng Guójì Jīchǎng | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
File:ShanghaiAirports.png | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Summary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Airport type | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Owner/Operator | Shanghai Airport Authority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Serves | Shanghai | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Location | Pudong, Shanghai | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Opened |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hub for | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Focus city for | Hainan Airlines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation AMSL | 4 m / 13 ft | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Coordinates | 31°08′36″N 121°48′19″E / 31.14333°N 121.80528°E | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Website | www | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maps | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Runways | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statistics (2021) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shanghai Pudong International Airport | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simplified Chinese | 上海浦东国际机场 | ||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 上海浦東國際機場 | ||||||||||||
|
Shanghai Pudong International Airport (IATA: PVG, ICAO: ZSPD) is one of two international airports serving Shanghai and a major aviation hub of East Asia. Pudong Airport serves both international flights and a smaller number of domestic flights, while the city's other major airport, Shanghai–Hongqiao, mainly serves domestic and regional flights in East Asia. Located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of the city center, Pudong Airport occupies a 40-square-kilometre (10,000-acre) site adjacent to the coastline in eastern Pudong. The airport is operated by Shanghai Airport Authority (Chinese: 上海机场集团公司).
The airport is the main hub for China Eastern Airlines and Shanghai Airlines, and a major international hub for Air China, as well as a secondary hub for China Southern Airlines. It is also the hub for privately owned Juneyao Airlines and Spring Airlines, and an Asia-Pacific cargo hub for FedEx, UPS[1] and DHL. The DHL hub, opened in July 2012, is reportedly the largest express hub in Asia.[2]
Pudong Airport had two main passenger terminals, flanked on both sides by four operational parallel runways.[3] A third passenger terminal was opened in 2021, in addition to a satellite terminal and two additional runways, which will raise its annual capacity from 60 million passengers to 80 million, along with the ability to handle six million tons of freight.[4]
Pudong Airport is a fast-growing hub for both passenger and cargo traffic. With 3,703,431 metric tons handled in 2017, the airport is the world's third-busiest airport by cargo traffic. Pudong Airport also served a total of 74,006,331 passengers in 2018, making it the third-busiest airport in China after Beijing–Capital and Hong Kong, fifth-busiest in Asia, and the eighth-busiest in the world. It is also the busiest international gateway of mainland China, with 35.25 million international passengers.[5] By the end of 2016, Pudong Airport hosted 104 airlines serving more than 210 destinations.[6]
Shanghai Pudong is the busiest international hub in China, and about half of its total passenger traffic is international.[7] Pudong Airport is connected to Shanghai Hongqiao Airport by Shanghai Metro Line 2 and the Shanghai Maglev Train via Pudong International Airport Station. There are also airport buses connecting it with the rest of the city.
History
Early development
Prior to the establishment of Pudong International Airport, Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport was the only primary airport of Shanghai. During the 1990s, the expansion of Hongqiao Airport to meet growing demand became impossible as the surrounding urban area was developing significantly, and an alternative to assume all international flights had to be sought. [citation needed]
After deliberation, the municipal government decided to adopt the suggestion from Professor Chen Jiyu of East China Normal University, who wrote a letter to the Mayor of Shanghai Xu Kuangdi [citation needed] suggesting that the new airport should be constructed on the tidal flats of the south bank of the Yangtze River estuary, on the coast of the Pudong development zone to the east of Shanghai.
Construction of the first phase of the new Shanghai Pudong International Airport began in October 1997, took two years to build at a cost of RMB 12 billion (US$1.67 billion), and was opened on 16 September 1999.[citation needed] It covers an area of 40 square kilometres (15 sq mi) and is 30 kilometres (19 mi) from downtown Shanghai. The first phase of the airport has one 4E category runway (4,000 by 60 metres [13,123 ft × 197 ft]) along with two parallel taxiways, an 800,000-square-metre (8,600,000 sq ft) apron, seventy-six aircraft positions and a 50,000-square-metre (540,000 sq ft) cargo warehouse. [citation needed]
Shanghai Pudong International Airport was opened to public and officially opened on 1 October 1999.
A second runway was opened on 17 March 2005,[citation needed] and construction of phase two (including a second terminal, a third runway and a cargo terminal) began in December 2005 and started operation on 26 March 2008, in time for the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics.
In November 2011, Pudong Airport received approval from the national government for a new round of expansion which includes two runways. The 3,800-metre (12,467 ft) fourth runway, along with an auxiliary taxiway and traffic control facilities, is projected to cost 2.58 billion yuan (US$403 million). The 3,400-foot (1,036 m) fifth runway, along with a new traffic tower, will cost 4.65 billion yuan (US$726.6 million). Construction was completed in 2015 and has doubled the capacity of the airport.[8][9]
Ongoing expansion
Pudong International Airport officially started the third phase of the Pudong International Airport expansion with the construction on a new south satellite terminal on 29 December 2015. The new satellite terminal will be the world's largest single satellite terminal with a total construction area of 622,000 square metres (6,700,000 sq ft), which is larger than the Pudong International Airport T2 terminal building (485,500 square metres [5,226,000 sq ft]). The satellite terminal is composed of two halls, S1 and S2, forming an H-shaped structure. It will have an annual design capacity of 38 million passengers, The total cost of the project is estimated to be about 20.6 billion yuan. Halls S1 and S2 will have 83 gates.[10] A high capacity people mover connecting T1 to SI and T2 to S2 will be constructed. After the completion of the satellite terminal in 2019, Pudong International Airport will have an annual passenger capacity of 80 million passengers, ranking among the top ten airports in the world.[11]
As of October 2019, the satellite S1 is in operation and connected by MRT to T1.
Facilities
The airport has 162 boarding bridges (T1-31 T2-41 Satellite terminal-90) along with 189 remote gates. Four runways are parallel to the terminals (four operational): one 4,000-metre (13,000 ft) runway with 4E rating (capable of accommodating aircraft up to Boeing 747-400), two 3,800-metre (12,500 ft) runways with 4F rating (capable of accommodating aircraft up to Airbus A380, Boeing 747-8, and Antonov An-225), and two 3,400-metre (11,200 ft) runways with 4F rating .
Pudong airport currently has four runways. Rwy 35L/17R and Rwy 34R/16L are mostly used for landing while Rwy 35R/17L and Rwy 34L/16R are mostly used for takeoff. Runway 15/33 is not in operation.
Terminal 1
Terminal 1 was opened to public and officially opened on 1 October 1999 along with a 4000-metre runway and a cargo hub.[12] It was built to handle the demand for traffic and to relieve Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport's traffic. The exterior of Terminal 1 is shaped like a seagull, and has 28 gates, 13 of which are double-decker gates. The capacity of Terminal 1 is 20 million passengers. It currently has 204 check-in counters, thirteen luggage conveying belts and covers an area of 280,000 square metres.[citation needed]
The gates for Terminal 1 is 1–12, 14–32 (linked with jetway), while the remote gates are 200–203, 251–258 (Domestic), 208–212, 213–216 (International).
-
The interior of Terminal 1
-
The interior of Terminal 1
-
The interior of Terminal 1
Terminal 2
Terminal 2 was opened to public and officially opened on 26 March 2008 along with the third runway, is capable of handling 60 million passengers and 4.2 million tons of cargo annually. Terminal 2 is shaped like Terminal 1, although it more closely resembles a wave, and is slightly larger than Terminal 1. Terminal 2 also has more floor areas than Terminal 1. Terminal 2 is primarily used by Air China and other Star Alliance members.[13]
The gates for Terminal 2 are 50–65, 67–79, 80–98 (Note that gates 58–90 are used by both the C gates (used for domestic flights) and the D gates (used for international flights). The gates between gates 65–79 are only odd numbered (65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79). Gates 50–57 and gates 92–98 are used for C gates only. The remote gates for Terminal 2 are C219-C224 for domestic and D228-D232 for international.
-
A corridor located in Terminal 2
-
Interior of the check-in hall in Terminal 2
Satellite concourses
Construction on an additional satellite concourse facility that could accommodate further gates and terminal space started on 29 December 2015 and opened to public and officially opened in September 2019.[14] It is the largest stand-alone satellite airport terminal buildings in the world at 622,000 square meters.[15] This project will support 38 million passengers annually through 90 departure gates across two S1 and S2 concourses. Gates for domestic flights are labelled H in both S1 and S2 terminal, while G is labelled for International flights gates in both S1 and S2 terminal.
-
Satellite concourse interior
Automatic People Mover
Both S1 and S2 are connected together and are since the opening in September 2019 connected by an 7.8-kilometre (5 mi) underground Shanghai Pudong Airport APM to the current T1 and T2 terminals operated by Shanghai Keolis for 20 years,[16][17] including the East Line and the West Line. The operating section of the East Line is 1.65 kilometres (1 mi) long, connecting Terminal 2 and Satellite 2, and the operating section of the West Line is 1.86 kilometres (1 mi) long, connecting Terminal 1 and Satellite 1.
A380/B747-8 stands
Gates that can accommodate the A380/B747-8 are 24 (T1) 71,75 (T2) 119,121 (S1) 504-507 (remote stands near S1, on taxiway L02, between taxiway P3 and south of P2) 168, 170, 173 (S2)
A-CDM implementation
The airport has been using the Airport Collaborative Decision Making system (A-CDM) developed by the aviation data service company VariFlight since January 2017. The system is aimed to improve on-time performance and safety of the airport's operations. By June 2017, Shanghai Pudong airport recorded 62.7% punctuality rate, which was a 15% increase compared to the same period previous year.[18]
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
Pudong Airport mainly serves international flights along with flights to Baotou, Changchun, Dalian, Zhangjiajie and some smaller cities while most domestic flights are operating at Hongqiao Airport. However, some domestic flights operating at Hongqiao Airport only may move to Pudong Airport operating only at Pudong Airport instead of both.
Cargo
Statistics
Year | Passengers | % change | Aircraft movements | Cargo (tons) |
---|---|---|---|---|
2006[44] | 26,788,586 | 231,994 | ||
2007[45] | 28,920,432 | 8.0% | 253,532 | 2,559,098 |
2008[45] | 28,235,691 | 2.4% | 265,735 | 2,603,027 |
2009[46] | 31,921,009 | 13.1% | 287,916 | 2,543,394 |
2010[47] | 40,578,621 | 27.1% | 332,126 | 3,228,081 |
2011[48] | 41,447,730 | 2.1% | 344,086 | 3,085,268 |
2012[49] | 44,880,164 | 8.3% | 361,720 | 2,938,157 |
2013[50] | 47,189,849 | 5.1% | 371,190 | 2,928,527 |
2014[51] | 51,687,894 | 9.5% | 402,105 | 3,181,654 |
2015 | 60,098,073 | 16.3% | 449,171 | 3,275,231 |
2016[52] | 66,002,414 | 9.8% | 479,902 | 3,440,280 |
2017[53] | 70,001,237 | 6.1% | 496,774 | 3,835,600 |
2018[54] | 74,006,331 | 5.7% | 504,794 | 3,768,573 |
2019 | 76,153,455 | 2.9% | 581,848 | 3,624,230 |
2020 | 30,476,531 | 59.9% | 325,678 | 3,686,627 |
2021 | 32,206,814 | 5.6% | 349,524 | 3,982,616 |
2022[55] | 14,178,385 | 56.0% | 204,378 | 3,117,215.6 |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Ground transportation
Highway
- North: S1 Yingbin Expressway and Huaxia Elevated Road
- South: Shanghai–Jiaxing–Huzhou Expressway and G1501 Shanghai Ring Expressway
Maglev train
- Starting service on 29 January 2004, as the first commercial high-speed maglev railway in the world, Shanghai Maglev Train links Pudong International Airport with Longyang Road Metro Station, where transfer to Line 2, Line 7, Line 16 and Line 18 is possible. The 30 km (19 mi) ride from Longyang Road Metro station to Pudong International Airport typically takes around eight minutes, with the maximum speed reaching 431 km/h (268 mph). Trains operate every 15 minutes; therefore passengers can expect to arrive in less than 25 minutes, waiting time included.
All cars are equipped with racks and space designated for luggage.
Shanghai Metro Line 2
- Shanghai Metro Line 2 also provides service between Pudong International Airport and Longyang Road, Lujiazui, People's Square, and Hongqiao International Airport, Shanghai's primary domestic airport as well as Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station. Line 2 is part of the Shanghai Metro system; therefore unlike the Maglev, free in-system transfer to other lines are possible.
Prices and speeds are substantially lower than the Maglev. A casual ride to People's Square, the city center, typically takes just over one hour, while a trip to Hongqiao International Airport takes about 1.5 hour.
The east extension of Line 2 used to run in an independent pattern between Guanglan Road and Pudong Airport, in which the train would not run west of Guanglan Road and passengers had to transfer at this station. The regular service between East Xujing and Pudong Airport started in April 2019,[56] allowing passengers to access the city center without the extra transfer. The regular service completely replaced the independent east extension service in October of the same year when the four-carriage trainsets special for the service started to be transformed into eight-carriage trainsets for the regular service.[57]
Future plan
The plan for building a new commuter railway line connecting the airport with Hongqiao Airport, Airport Link line, has been formally established in 2015 and approved in December 2018 by National Development and Reform Commission. The line is under construction since 28 June 2019 and is expected to be put in operation by the end of 2024. This 68.6-kilometre (43 mi) railway starts from Shanghai East railway station under planning, via Zhangjiang and Sanlin in Pudong, Huajing in Xuhui and Qibao in Minhang.[58] It will use the unused area in Hongqiao Railway Station originally for Maglev for its station at Hongqiao Transportation Hub.
Metro Line 21 Phase II east extension will connect the airport with the under construction adjacent Shanghai East railway station and the eastside of Pudong.
Airport buses
Eight airport bus lines serve the airport, providing rapid links to various destinations.
- Airport Bus Route 1: To Shanghai Hongqiao railway station via Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport
- Airport Bus Route 2: To Jing'an Temple (City Terminal Hub)
- Airport Bus Route 4: To Hongkou Stadium Hub (Huayuan Road), via Deping Road at Pudong Avenue, Wujiaochang and Dabaishu
- Airport Bus Route 5: To Shanghai railway station, via Longyang Road Metro Station, Century Avenue at South Pudong Road (Lujiazui) and East Yan'an Road at Middle Zhejiang Road (People's Square)
- Airport Bus Route 7: To Shanghai South railway station, via West Huaxia Road at Shangnan Road and East Huaxia Road at Chuansha Road (Chuansha)
- Airport Bus Route 8: To Nanhui Coach and Bus Station
- Airport Bus Route 9: To Xinzhuang Metro Station
- Airport Bus Ring Route 1: To Hangchengyuan (Shiwan), via stops in Airport Workplace
Accidents and incidents
- On 28 November 2009, an Avient Aviation McDonnell Douglas MD-11F cargo plane registered to Zimbabwe (registration: Z-BAV) departing for Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan crashed into a warehouse near the runway of the airport due to a tailstrike that caught fire during takeoff and broke into several pieces with seven people on board. Three people died and four were injured.[59][60][61]
- On 9 August 2012, a ground collision occurred between a China Eastern Airlines Airbus A340-600 and a Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777-200ER, which left the 777 with a broken wingtip. The 777, registered as 9M-MRO, went missing 2 years later whilst operating Malaysia Airlines Flight 370.[62]
- On 22 July 2020, an Ethiopian Airlines Cargo Boeing 777 freighter aircraft caught fire while parked at Pudong International Airport as it prepared for a trip to São Paulo, Brazil and to Santiago, Chile via Addis Ababa, shortly after landing from Brussels, Belgium. No injuries were reported.[63]
Photo gallery
-
Airport exterior
-
The S1 Yingbin Expressway goes into the airport.
-
The ATC Tower of Pudong Airport.
-
Apron of Shanghai Pudong International Airport.
See also
- Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport
- List of airports in China
- List of the busiest airports in China
References
- ^ "UPS Air Operations Facts – UPS Pressroom". Archived from the original on 12 May 2015. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
- ^ "Deutsche Post DHL targets Asian expansion". 11 July 2012. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
- ^ Jian, Yang (28 January 2015). "4th Pudong runway opens in March". Shanghai Daily.
- ^ Shanghai Airport reports profit growth, despite big investments in massive new facilities at Pudong – China Airlines, Airports and Aviation News Archived 15 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Chinaaviation.aero (2008-03-11). Retrieved on 2011-01-22.
- ^ 上海浦东机场口岸出入境人数首破3500万. www.chinanews.com (in Chinese). 27 December 2017. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
- ^ 民航局与上海市人民政府在沪签战略合作协议 (in Chinese). Carnoc. 6 April 2012.
- ^ "From obscurity, Guangzhou and Shanghai Pudong airports move up rankings". CAPA. 3 June 2011. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2011.
- ^ "Shanghai Pudong's fourth and fifth runways receive approval". CAPA. 6 December 2011.
- ^ "Shanghai airport to double capacity". South China Morning Post. 8 December 2011.
- ^ Cheng, Zhaoyuan (成昭远). 浦东机场三期扩建启动 世界最大单体卫星厅总面积超T2[图]-浦东,航站楼,上海,卫星,旅客,机位,厅,中转,机场,单体,-上海频道-东方网. sh.eastday.com (in Chinese (China)). Archived from the original on 5 July 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
- ^ 上海机场(集团)有限公司. www.shanghaiairport.com (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 4 November 2018.
- ^ GmbH, Vendana. "Airports | Air ambulance | Rescue flight". www.medical-air-service.com. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
- ^ Dermot Davitt Shanghai Pudong International Airport begins new era with opening of Terminal Two 26/03/08, Source: The Moodie Report
- ^ "World's largest satellite terminal to open at Pudong airport next week". SHINE. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
- ^ "World's largest satellite terminal to start operation in Shanghai – Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on 1 December 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
- ^ "Shanghai Pudong Airport starts construction world's largest satellite terminal". Shanghai Airport Authority. 12 January 2016. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
- ^ "Keolis awarded the new Automated Rapid Transit Transport System for Shanghai Pudong International Airport". Archived from the original on 11 July 2021. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
- ^ 飞常准:用科技助力民航高效发展,推动智慧航旅服务升级. Soho. 1 February 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
- ^ "Air China Resumes Shanghai - Munich Service from Mid-Jan 2024". AeroRoutes. 2 November 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
- ^ "锡林浩特机场 | 冬春航季持续推出"长者专享9元购"特惠活动". Retrieved 29 October 2023.
- ^ "Cebu Pacific Tentatively Plans Cebu – Shanghai Resumption in NS24". AeroRoutes. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- ^ https://newsroom.bne.com.au/china-eastern-to-fly-to-brisbane-from-next-month/
- ^ Weibo https://weibo.com/1647310954/NswkiDLUi. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "东航9月国际航班计划". Weibo. 7 September 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
- ^ "【航班换季】2023年荆州机场冬春航季航班时刻表出炉". Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "China Eastern NW23 US Operations - 28 SEP23". AeroRoutes. 29 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
- ^ a b c d e "民航局202324年冬春航季换季颁发、注销国内航线经营许可信息通告". Retrieved 26 October 2023.
- ^ "DELTA MOVES LOS ANGELES – SHANGHAI SERVICE RESUMPTION TO JULY 2024". Aeroroutes. 14 November 2023. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
- ^ "EGYPTAIR Schedules Shanghai mid-Nov 2023 Launch". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
- ^ "航班换季 | 叮咚!珠海机场2023年冬航季航班时刻表,请查收~". Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- ^ "Himalaya Airlines Dec 2023 Mainland China Network Additions". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- ^ "Juneyao Airlines Adds Shanghai - Athens in NS24". AeroRoutes. 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
- ^ "10月29日起,赤峰机场开启执行冬春季航班计划~". Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Notice of adding new flight and resuming nonstop service". Koreanair. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
- ^ "Qantas boosts international network: restoring capacity, adding more aircraft, launching new routes" (Press release). Sydney: Qantas. 19 May 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2023.
- ^ "Royal Brunei Plans Shanghai Service Resumption in late-Oct 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
- ^ "Sky Angkor Airlines Resumes Shanghai Service From late-Sep 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
- ^ "Flight Schedule". CH.com.
- ^ "玉林机场2023/24冬春航季航班时刻". Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "VietJet Air Schedules Additional Routes Addition in Dec 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ GmbH, DVV Media Group (17 June 2017). "Air China Cargo lands at Liege Airport ǀ Air Cargo News". www.aircargonews.net.
- ^ "China Cargo Airlines begins cargo flights between Shanghai-Pudong and Frankfurt". www.ajot.com. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
- ^ Map of scheduled flights on the CMA CGM website https://www.cma-cgm.com/products-services/air-cargo
- ^ 2007年全国机场吞吐量排名 (in Chinese (China)). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 6 March 2008. Archived from the original on 2017-10-07. Retrieved 2017-10-08.
- ^ a b 2008年全国机场吞吐量排名 (in Chinese (China)). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 12 March 2009. Archived from the original on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
- ^ 2009年全国机场吞吐量排名 (in Chinese (China)). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 5 February 2010. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
- ^ 2010年全国机场吞吐量排名 (in Chinese (China)). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 15 March 2011. Archived from the original on 23 September 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
- ^ 2011年全国机场吞吐量排名 (in Chinese). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 21 March 2012. Archived from the original on 17 April 2012. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
- ^ 2012年全国机场吞吐量排名 (in Chinese). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 28 March 2013. Archived from the original on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
- ^ 2013年民航机场吞吐量排名 (in Chinese). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 24 March 2013. Archived from the original on 25 March 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ 2014年民航机场吞吐量排名 (in Chinese). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 3 April 2015. Archived from the original on 19 April 2015. Retrieved 2015-04-03.
- ^ 2016年民航机场生产统计公报. CAAC. 24 February 2017.
- ^ 2017年民航机场生产统计公报 (in Chinese). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 7 March 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
- ^ 2018年民航机场生产统计公报 (in Chinese). Civil Aviation Administration of China. 24 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
- ^ "2022年全国民用运输机场生产统计公报". 中国民用航空局. 16 March 2022. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
- ^ New routes for Line 2 following upgrades
- ^ Farewell to four-carriage trains
- ^ Speed and convenience: Metro combines best of both worlds
- ^ Cargo plane crashes at Shanghai airport – Xinhua. Reuters. Retrieved on 2011-01-22.
- ^ 浦东机场货机坠毁现场浓烟滚滚 (in Chinese (China)). Sina. Retrieved 22 January 2011.
- ^ "3 Americans killed in Shanghai plane crash". Retrieved 1 June 2015.
- ^ "Missing Malaysia Airlines Jet Had 'Ground Collision' in 2012". NBC News. 8 March 2014. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
- ^ "Ethiopian 777F suffers major fire in Shanghai".