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Seoul Shinmun

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Seoul Shinmun
Current headquarters (2019)
TypeDaily newspaper
FormatBroadsheet
Owner(s)Seoul Newspaper Co., Ltd.
Founder(s)Ernest Bethell
Founded18 July 1904 (original)
LanguageKorean
Ceased publication28 August 1910 (Korea Daily News), 10 November 1945 (Daily News)
Relaunched23 November 1945 (current name)
HeadquartersSeoul, South Korea
Circulation780,000
Websitewww.seoul.co.kr Edit this at Wikidata
Seoul Shinmun
Hangul
Hanja
서울新聞
Revised RomanizationSeoul Shinmun
McCune–ReischauerSŏul Shinmun

Seoul Shinmun (Korean: 서울신문; lit. Seoul Newspaper) is the oldest daily newspaper in South Korea, with more than a century of publication. Its was first published as the Korea Times (not to be confused with the later The Korea Times) on 18 July 1904. Soon afterwards, it changed its name to the Korea Daily News (Daehan Mail Shinbo). It was renamed Maeil Sinbo (Daily News) in August 1910.

Circulation is an estimated 780,000 issues a day.

History

Korea Times and Korea Daily News

Main article: The Korea Daily News

In 1904, British journalists Ernest Bethell and Thomas Cowen[1] were sent to Korea to report for the British newspaper Daily Chronicle.[2] This was during a time when the Japanese government was rapidly encroaching on Korea's sovereignty. After being fired from the paper,[3] Bethell and Cowen began planning to publish their own paper tentatively called the Korea Times.[3] The pair,[4] along with Korean independence activist Yang Gi-tak, published the first issue of the Korea Times, (concurrently published in Korean as Daehan Maeil Sinbo; 대한매일신보; 大韓每日申報), on 18 July 1904.[5][4] Newspapers were then censored by the Japanese Resident-General of Korea. Bethell, as a British citizen, was able to dodge Japanese censorship and continue publishing newspapers.[6] However, he was frequently harrassed by the Japanese.[7] Bethell was arrested and tried by the British twice, by request of the Japanese government.[8][9][10]

Maeil Sinbo

Cover of the first issue of Maeil Sinbo (30 August 1910)

On 14 June 1910,[11] Marnham folded under joint British and Japanese pressure,[12] secretly sold the newspaper to former employee Lee Jang-hoon (이장훈; 李章薰) for 40,000 won worth of gold,[11] and left the country.[12] The 14 June, 1408th issue reflects this, with Lee's name given as editor.[11] The paper became strictly controlled by Japan. It changed its name to Maeil Sinbo (매일신보; 每日申報) on 30 August 1910.[12] Yang resigned and denounced the paper publicly as a propaganda piece.[11]

In the 1910s, it was one of the only Korean-language newspapers allowed in the country. Despite mostly publishing along Japanese lines, it also served as a medium for Korean-language literature, and published pieces from many famous Korean writers.[13]

The newspaper then became subordinated to the Japanese-language paper Keijō nippō, and its offices were moved into that paper's building.[13] It was reorganized into a number of different departments in 1920. In 1938, it was expanded to contain eight pages instead of four.[13] On 29 April 1938, it became independent from the Keijō and changed a character in its name (申 to 新; same pronunciation in Korean).[13]

Seoul Shinmun

Korea was liberated in August 1945. The Maeil Sinbo chairman Lee Seong-geun (이성근) resigned, and the employees took over operation of the paper. The U.S. military arrived on 2 October 1945, and took control of it.[13] However, it faced pushback from the employees,[14] resulting in the paper being suspended in 10 November 1945.[11][14] It was reorganized and resumed publication on 23 November 1945 as Seoul Shinmun.[11][13][14] Its first president was Oh Se-chang (오세창; 吳世昌).[13][14]

In 15 August 1949, the paper and others were restricted to only four pages per issue.[14] The paper's publication froze during the Korean War. A two-page successor paper, called Jinjung Shinmun (진중신문; 陣中新聞) began publication in April 1951, and was the only operating newspaper service in the city at the time. Its facilities were once destroyed, but were rebuilt, and the paper continued publishing.[14]

On 18 October 1956, the paper named its pure Hangul edition the Seoul Shinmun. It was mostly a transliteration of the mixed-script main paper, and ceased publication within a year.[14]

On 23 March 1959, it changed its numbering system to effectively cut out the Maeil Sinbo portion of its history, by making its first Seoul Shinmun issue as No. 1, instead of its previous numbering No. 13738.[14] During the 1960 April Revolution, a fire occurred in the building, and many of its rare records and materials were lost.[14] The paper encountered then financial difficulties, and took a hiatus beginning on 9 May of the following year. However, after the May 16 coup of 1961, it began receiving support from the government, and resumed publication on 22 December of that year, publishing 36 pages per week in the evenings.[14]

From 2 December 1980, it began publishing in the morning again. It began using computerized typesetting in January 1985, and moved to a larger office at Taepyeongno, Jung District, Seoul. It changed to horizontal type in October 1996.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ Neff, Robert (2 May 2010). "UK journalist Bethell established newspapers in 1904". The Korea Times. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  2. ^ Han, Jeon (June 2019). "Fighting Injustice with the Pen". www.kocis.go.kr. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  3. ^ a b Neff, Robert (2 May 2010). "UK journalist Bethell established newspapers in 1904". The Korea Times. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  4. ^ a b Neff, Robert (2 May 2010). "UK journalist Bethell established newspapers in 1904". The Korea Times. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  5. ^ Han, Jeon (June 2019). "Fighting Injustice with the Pen". www.kocis.go.kr. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  6. ^ Han, Jeon (June 2019). "Fighting Injustice with the Pen". www.kocis.go.kr. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  7. ^ Neff, Robert (2 May 2010). "UK journalist Bethell established newspapers in 1904". The Korea Times. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  8. ^ Neff, Robert (2 May 2010). "UK journalist Bethell established newspapers in 1904". The Korea Times. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  9. ^ Han, Jeon (June 2019). "Fighting Injustice with the Pen". www.kocis.go.kr. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  10. ^ "대한매일신보(大韓每日申報)". Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  11. ^ a b c d e f "대한매일신보(大韓每日申報)". Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  12. ^ a b c Neff, Robert (2 May 2010). "UK journalist Bethell established newspapers in 1904". The Korea Times. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g "매일신보". 우리역사. National Institute of Korean History. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "서울신문(서울新聞)". encykorea.aks.ac.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 26 January 2024.
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