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Boris Nadezhdin

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In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Borisovich and the family name is Nadezhdin.
Boris Nadezhdin
Борис Надеждин
Nadezhdin signing a document
Nadezhdin in 2017
Member of the State Duma
In office
19 December 1999 – 29 December 2003
Personal details
Born
Boris Borisovich Nadezhdin

(1963-04-26) 26 April 1963 (age 61)
Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union (now Uzbekistan)
Political partyRussian Democratic Reform Movement (1991)
Party of Russian Unity and Accord (1995)
Union of Right Forces (1999–2008)
Right Cause (2008–2011)
Independent (1991–1995, 1995–1999, 2011–2023)
Civic Initiative (2023–present)
SpouseNatalia
Children4
EducationMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology (1985)
Moscow State Law University (1993)
OccupationPolitician, mathematician

Boris Borisovich Nadezhdin (Template:Lang-ru; born 26 April 1963) is a Russian opposition politician.[1] He served in the State Duma from 1999 to 2003.[2] He was also a municipal councillor in Moscow and was considered to be a close ally of murdered opposition politician Boris Nemtsov.[3]

In November 2023, Nadezhdin announced his candidacy in the 2024 Russian presidential election.[citation needed]

Early and personal life

Nadezhdin was born in Tashkent, Soviet Uzbekistan.[4] He is of Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Romanian, and Jewish heritage. He survived the Tashkent earthquake, which occurred on his third birthday. In 1969, he was brought by his parents to the city of Dolgoprudny where his father studied at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), and his mother was a student at the Moscow Conservatory.[5] For five generations in the Nadezhdin family, all men bore the name Boris. His grandfather was a Soviet Uzbek composer and associate professor at the Tashkent Conservatory. His maternal grandfather fled to Uzbekistan from Ukraine after the October Revolution.[citation needed]

Education

In 1979 he won the second prize at the All-Union Mathematical Olympiad among high school students. That year, he graduated from the Specialized Boarding School No. 18 for Physics and Mathematics at the Lomonosov Moscow State University. In 1985, he graduated with honors from MIPT. From 1985 to 1990, he  was an engineer and researcher at the All-Union Research Center for the Study of Surface and Vacuum Properties.[citation needed]

Political career

Nadezhdhin served in the 3rd convocation of the State Duma from 1999 to 2003.[2] He ran in the 2003 Russian legislative election from the 109th Mytishchi district of the Moscow Oblast. He lost the election to the former commander of the Moscow District of Internal Troops, Arkady Baskayev (People's Party of the Russian Federation). The Union of Right Forces party, of which Nadezhdin was a member, also lost the elections. At the same time, elections were held for the Dolgoprudny Council of Deputies, in which the City of Hope bloc, under the patronage of Nadezhdin, also lost.[6]

In August 2005, Nadezhdin was a member of the initiative group for the nomination of the former head of Yukos, Mikhail Khodorkovsky, to the State Duma in the by-elections for the 201st University District of Moscow. The nomination did not take place due to the entry into force of the verdict in the first criminal case against Yukos.[6]

In March 2007, Nadezhdin was a Union of Right Forces candidate in the Moscow Regional Duma elections. According to the results announced by the regional election commission, the party lost the elections. However, Nadezhdin said that, according to his data, the Union of Right Forces had overcome the seven percent barrier:

"The figure of 7.08 percent was posted on the website of the Central Election Commission, and it was even shown on TV, and then the election commission announced that we have 6.9 percent. This difference was simply stolen from us!"

Nadezhdin accused the vice-governor of the Moscow Oblast, Alexei Panteleyev, of fraud (according to Nadezhdin, the results were adjusted in favor of United Russia).[7]

From 6 November 2008 to 2011, Nadezhdin was a member of the Federal Political Council of the Right Cause party.[6][8]

On 3 August 2011, Nadezhdin, as leader of the Moscow Oblast branch of Right Cause, said in an interview: "In the Moscow Oblast branch, we definitely want to deal with the "Russian" question." According to him, he had already held several round tables on this issue with the participation of nationalists, "And that’s why officers and young skinheads are now joining my department en masse."[9] He referred to certain studies, according to which, in the last few years, about 400,000 people from the southern regions of Russia have moved to the Moscow Oblast for permanent residence. Arguing his position, Nadezhdin emphasized that "The Moscow Oblast is Russian land." Party leader Mikhail Prokhorov reacted quite sharply to these statements. Prokhorov wrote on his blog, "We have not included any nationalists in any party lists and will not include them. Right Cause will not deal with any nationalist movements."[10] Some party members proposed expelling Nadezhdin from the party.[11]

In the 2011 Russian legislative election, Nadezhdin refused to enter the top three of the federal election list of Right Cause[12] but headed the party’s list in the elections to the Moscow Oblast Duma.[13]

On 26 December 2011, Nadezhdin left Right Cause, explaining his decision by the desire to create a new right-wing party together with the former head of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, Alexei Kudrin.[14]

In February 2012, in the leadup to the 2012 Russian presidential election, Nadezhdin sent an offer to become an authorized representative to the election headquarters of all presidential candidates, including Vladimir Putin.[15][16] Nadezhdin explained this by the desire to be able to appoint observers to polling stations.[17] He failed to become Putin's authorized representative but became Putin's observer.[18] In mid-February 2012, he was registered as an authorized representative of Sergey Mironov.

On 10 December 2015, at a meeting of the liberal platform of the United Russia party, Nadezhdin announced his desire to participate in its 2016 primaries to participate in the State Duma elections in the fall of 2016, running in the 118th Dmitrov single-mandate constituency. This decision caused criticism from his political colleagues in the liberal camp.[6][19] Nadezhdin himself explained his participation in the primaries by his desire to start the election campaign earlier; he had no intention of running for United Russia.[20] He performed unsuccessfully in the primaries, losing to Irina Rodnina.[21]

In the 2016 Russian legislative election, Nadezhdin headed the Moscow Oblast list of the Party of Growth without joining the party itself. On 22 December 2016, in an interview with the Kommersant newspaper, he stated that he wishes the Party of Growth "success and good luck" but does not intend to associate himself with the party since "he does not see any prospects for it."[22]

Nadezhdhin contested the 2018 Moscow Oblast gubernatorial election for the Party of Growth.[23]

In 2019, Nadezhdin headed the list of the A Just Russia party in the elections to the City Council of the city of Dolgoprudny.[24] He was elected as a deputy of the Council of Deputies of the Dolgoprudny urban district of the Moscow Oblast in a multi-member electoral district. He headed the faction of the A Just Russia party in the Council of Deputies but was not a party member.[25]

In March 2020, Nadezhdin signed an appeal to Russian citizens against the adoption of amendments to the Constitution of Russia proposed by President Putin.[26]

In the leadup to the 2021 Russian legislative election at the congress of the A Just Russia party, Nadezhdin was nominated as a candidate for deputy of the State Duma in the Dmitrov single-mandate electoral district No. 118 in the Moscow Oblast.[27] Zakhar Prilepin, co-chairman of A Just Russia – For Truth, expressed dissatisfaction, pointing out that the program ideas of A Just Russia do not correspond to Nadezhdin's liberal beliefs.[28] According to the results, Nadezhdin took 2nd place, receiving 40,421 votes (17.12%), losing to the representative of United Russia, Irina Rodnina.

In April 2022, Nadezhdhin said that the Soviet Union had "occupied Czechoslovakia and Eastern Europe."[29]

In September 2022, as Russia retreated from Ukraine's Kharkiv region, Nadezhdin criticized Russia's intelligence services and called for negotiations to end the conflict on an NTV current affairs show.[30] He criticized Russia's war strategy, stating it was impossible to beat Ukraine using its current methods and materials, calling the strategy "colonial war methods."[31] A few days later, on the Russia-1 channel, Kremlin propagandist Vladimir Solovyov called for Nadezhdin to be arrested.[29]

In January 2023, Nadezhdin suggested the "war was a disastrous mistake" on the NTV current affairs show Mesto Vstrechi.[32] During the last week of March 2023, he was "angrily shouted down" on the same show after he suggested that the West was more powerful than Russia.[33]

In the 2023 Moscow Oblast gubernatorial election, Nadezhdin nominated himself as a candidate for the Civic Initiative party but was denied registration because he could not collect the required number of signatures of municipal deputies in his support.[34]

2024 presidential campaign

Nadezhdin 2024 presidential campaign logo

On 27 May 2023, Nadezhdin called for electing a new government in Russia in order to stop the war against Ukraine and build relations with Europe.[3][35]

On 6 October 2023, Nadezhdin's participation in the 2024 presidential election was announced by Dmitry Kisiyev, founder of the Candidates’ Headquarters, on his social media.[36][37] On 31 October 2023, Nadezhdin announced that he will run from the Civic Initiative party.[38]

On 31 January 2024, Boris Nadezhdin brought signatures in support of his candidacy to the Central Election Commission. This is the last day to submit signatures to participants in the elections. According to him, signatures were collected in more than 120 cities, a total of 208 000 signatures were collected, of which 105 000 were brought to the CEC. Before bringing the signatures, he gave a speech in which he thanked everyone who donated money for his presidential campaign and claimed that "never in the history of Russia has there been such a thing that a presidential candidate's campaign was entirely based on donations". There were reports of a concentration of security forces near the CEC building with dozens of police cars and paddy wagons around the building, as well as riot police units with dogs on duty. In addition, journalists noticed problems with mobile connection.[39][40]

Reception

His bid for presidency was supported by many opposition politicians and public figures: Yekaterina Duntsova (who was blocked from running on the ballot by the Central Election Commission[41][42]), Mikhail Khodorkovsky, Ekaterina Schulmann, Yulia Navalnaya (wife of Alexei Navalny), Ilya Varlamov, Lyubov Sobol and many others.[43][44][45][46] There were reports about people lining up outside Boris Nadezhdin’s headquarters in Moscow to support his bid for presidency.[47][48]

Russian independent political analyst and former Kremlin speechwriter Abbas Gallyamov told RFE/RL: "People won't be voting for Nadezhdin…but against Putin, because Putin represents the war."[49]

Political stances

Though he was mostly a member of right-wing parties[citation needed], Boris Nadezhdin is often described as a liberal politician.[citation needed] In the 1990s he was a member of the "A Just Russia", a right-wing political party. In 1999 he was elected a deputy of the State Duma as a member of the "Union of Right Forces", a center-right political party founded by Sergey Kiriyenko, who served as prime minister under Boris Yeltsin in the late 1990s.

In 2011 he joined the "Right Cause", another center-right political party.[50] During his time in the party, a controversy arose in August 2011 when, in an attempt to win over LDPR party voters, he adopted nationalist and populist rhetoric, briefly collaborated with Viktor Militaryov, one of the organizers of the annual Russian march, and called for assimilation of immigrants in Moscow, saying "I’m not against them - let them come. But if they find themselves here, let them become Russians - that is, follow our way of life, observe our traditions, and do not neglect the interests of the local population." The leader of Right Cause, Mikhail Prokhorov, rejected Nadezhdin's flirtation with nationalism and wrote in his blog that the media information about the admission of nationalists to the party is not true. Nadezhdin subsequently distanced himself from his previous statements on immigration and national policy in the Moscow region, said that he was still a person with liberal views, and claimed that his words had been taken out of context.[51][52]

Nadezhdin criticized the Russian gay propaganda law.[53] Despite his frequent criticism of Vladimir Putin, the Russian government and the ruling party "United Russia",[citation needed] in 2019 he was elected as a deputy of this party in the Dolgoprudny city council.[54] In 2023, in an interview with Fontanka magazine he said that the last time he had any contacts with the bosses from the Kremlin was in 2020. He also said that there is no guarantee that he will be able to participate in the 2024 presidential election because he is not an agreed candidate.[55]

In his political program Boris Nadezhdin describes himself as "a principled opponent of the current president's policy". Nadezhdin declares the termination of war as a main statement in his election program and wants to initiate a new peace negotiations with Ukraine and the Western countries.[56][57] He has not disclosed the specific terms of the treaty. He also stated that he doubts that Ukraine would agree for peace talks on his terms.[58] His campaign manifesto states that "special military operation was Putin's error. Because it was not possible to reach its goals without huge impact on Russian economic and demography".[59] Nadezhdin accused Putin of dragging Russia back into the past and expressed concern that Russia is becoming a vassal of China after being cut off from Western countries following the invasion of Ukraine.[60]

As noted by Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Nadezhdin called for an end to the war in Ukraine, but did not officially condemn the war or demand the return of occupied territories to Ukraine, because it "would almost certainly bring on criminal prosecution in Putin's Russia."[49]

In 2023, in an interview with Fontanka magazine he said that in order to stop the war, there must be a desire not only from Nadezhdin, but also from the majority of people in Russia, and, what is even more difficult, on the Ukrainian side. Nadezhdin said that it is impossible to imagine that now Zelensky or Zaluzhnyi would issue a cease-fire order and not try to return all territories, including Crimea and Sevastopol. According to Nadezhdin, it took the Russian authorities eight years to convince Russian society that the "special military operation" is good, that there are fascists, Nazis, Banderites and so on in Kyiv. In order to stop all this, a lot of hard work is needed. It is necessary to restore the trust of the West, because it is clear that Ukraine is supported by the West, and practically all the resources for military operations come from there. And without this trust, it will not be possible to reach a peace agreement. According to Nadezhdin, he is the one who can restore trust between Russia and the West and negotiate an end to the war. He said: "If I’m in power, I think that in a matter of weeks it will be possible to agree on a cessation of hostilities, that is, so that people stop killing each other there."[55]

According to Deutsche Welle, he would return the territories occupied by Russia to Ukraine, but not all of them. When asked what his opinion was about the Russian occupation of Crimea, he expressed the opinion that "the vast majority of Crimeans want to live in Russia", and indicated that it would be difficult for Russia to voluntarily return Crimea to Ukraine. His headquarters did not collect signatures in support of his bid for presedency in the territories annexed by Russia, and the residents of these occupied territories had to come to support him in other regions of Russia.[53] In January 2024, in an interview with Yulia Latynina, he stated that Crimea and Sevastopol "are not parts of Ukraine" as it's impossible for Russia to return them because it would be seen as a demonstration of weakness. He also insisted that the fate of other territories occupied by Russia should be decided via a second referendum[61][62] (despite the first set of referendums was described a "sham referenda" by international media and the results were not recognized by a vast number of countries and international organizations[improper synthesis?]).[63][64][65][66][67] Earlier that year, in an interview with the online media SOVA he refused to acknowledge Ukraine's territorial integrity. He also blamed the Russian invasion of Georgia on then-president of Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili and avoided answering questions about the territorial affiliation of Abkhazia and Southern Ossetia.[68][69][70] In another interview with the Current Time he called the desire of Ukraine to return Crimea a "catastrophe" and declared that he would not be able to negotiate with Ukraine while Volodymyr Zelensky is the head of the state. He also stated that "in Ukraine, they are much more imprisoned for criticizing the government", but was unable to provide any examples of political persecution in Ukraine when asked about it.[71]

Public activity

Nadezhdin has been a frequent guest in socio-political talk shows on Russian federal television channels,[72] though he appeared less frequently on federal channels since calling for a change in government when asked unrelated questions.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ Service, RFE/RL's Russian. "Anti-War Nadezhdin Collects Enough Signatures To Register As Russian Presidential Candidate". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  2. ^ a b "Russian critic who urged Ukraine talks doesn't fear arrest". Associated Press. 2022-09-13.
  3. ^ a b "Russian State TV Guest Calls for Putin's Removal". Newsweek. 2023-05-27.
  4. ^ "NADEZHDIN Boris, photo, biography". persona.rin.ru.
  5. ^ Дикие кошки Бориса Надеждина. Archived 2019-06-26 at the Wayback Machine Официальный сайт газеты «Аргументы и факты» // aif.ru (2 августа 2002 года)
  6. ^ a b c d Goryashko, Sergei (2015-12-10). "Борис Надеждин объединороссился — Бывший член руководства СПС идёт на праймериз "Единой России"" [Boris Nadezhdin united with Russia – Former member of the leadership of the Union of Right Forces goes to the primaries of "United Russia"] (in Russian). Kommersant. Archived from the original on 2021-02-19.
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  23. ^ Сведения о кандидатах
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