Saint Johns Range
| Saint Johns Range | |
|---|---|
  Saint Johns Range | |
| Geography | |
| Continent | Antarctica |
| Region | Victoria Land |
| Range coordinates | 77°17′S 162°0′E / 77.283°S 162.000°E |
Saint Johns Range (77°17′S 162°0′E / 77.283°S 162.000°E) is a crescent-shaped mountain range about 20 nautical miles (37 km; 23 mi) long, in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It is bounded on the north by the Cotton Glacier, Miller Glacier and Debenham Glacier, and on the south by Victoria Valley and the Victoria Upper Glacier and Victoria Lower Glacier.
Name
Saint Johns Range was named by the New Zealand Northern Survey Party of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition (CTAE), 1956–58, which surveyed peaks in the range in 1957. Named for St John's College, Cambridge, England, with which several members of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13 were associated during the writing of their scientific reports, and in association with the adjacent Gonville and Caius Range.[1]
Location
Saint Johns Range is bounded to the west by the Victoria Upper Glacier and the Victoria Valley, which runs in a south-southeast direction to Lake Vida. Below Lake Vida the Victoria Valley turns to a east-northeast direction. It is filled by the Victoria Lower Glacier in its lower end, which flows into the Wilson Piedmont Glacier, lying along the west coast of the Ross Sea. The Victoria Valley separates Saint Johns Range from the Cruzen Range to the west and the Olympus Range to the south. The north of the range is separated from the Clare Range by the Cotton Glacier. The Miller Glacier defines the northeast side of the range, flowing into the Debenham Glacier, which defines the north side of the southern arm of the range and terminates in the Wilson Piedmont Glacier. The Gonville and Caius Range is to the north of the Debenham Glacier.[2][3]
Glaciers
Lobeck Glacier
77°13′01″S 161°46′54″E / 77.217007°S 161.781684°E. A glacier flowing northeast between Rutherford Ridge and Kuivinen Ridge. About 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) long, the glacier terminates upon rock cliffs overlooking Miller Glacier with insignificant if any flow entering it. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2007) after noted American geographer-geologist Armin K. Lobeck (1886-1958), Professor of Geology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 1929-54; author of the textbook Geomorphology, McGraw-Hill, 1939 widely used in training geomorphologists active in Antarctica.[4]
Anu Whakatoro Glacier
77°17′21″S 161°41′35″E / 77.289258°S 161.693008°E. A glacier, 0.7 nautical miles (1.3 km; 0.81 mi) long, between Tūkeri Peak and Spain Peak on the headwall of Ringer Valley. “Anu Whakatoro” is a Maori word, meaning force of wind, and was applied descriptively to this glacier by the New Zealand Geographic Board in 2005.[5]
Dahe Glacier
77°15′19″S 162°00′56″E / 77.255169°S 162.015621°E. A glacier flowing northeast between Stone Ridge and Wise Ridge. It terminates as a hanging glacier on a bluff 200 metres (660 ft) high above the head of Debenham Glacier. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2005) after Qin Dahe, Director of the Chinese National Meteorological Administration; manager, Great Wall Station for two years in 1980s; co-author of studies on distribution, transport and range of chemicals recovered from surface snow and ice cores in traverses from Zhongshan Station to Dome Argus, 1996-2002.[6]
Fenwick Glacier
77°16′19″S 161°42′25″E / 77.271818°S 161.706918°E. A glacier, 0.6 nautical miles (1.1 km; 0.69 mi) long, between Mount Majerus and Tūkeri Peak on the headwall of Ringer Valley. Named by the New Zealand Geographic Board (2005) after John Fenwick, a Ministry of Works hydrology technician, who led field parties on visits to this area in 1972-73 and 1973-74.[7]
Marchetti Glacier
77°09′32″S 161°29′42″E / 77.158836°S 161.495082°E A glacier flowing from the north slope of Mount Mahony into Cotton Glacier. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2007) after Peter Anthony Marchetti who made 20 deployments to McMurdo Sound in the period 1987-2007, including seven winters; Camp Manager for the United States Antarctic Program’s Telecommunications Facility on Black Island, Ross Archipelago for 11 austral summers from 1996.[8]
Ringer Glacier
77°14′23″S 161°55′03″E / 77.239631°S 161.917402°E. A glacier, 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) long, heading on the northeast flank of Saint Johns Range and flowing northeast to Miller Glacier. Named in association with the distinctive moraine at its mouth, The Ringer. The name first appeared on a 1961 NZ map; approved by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 1995.[9]
Features
Named features include, from northwest to southeast, Mount Mahony, Wheeler Valley, Lanyon Peak, Mount Swinford, Willis Glacier, Schist Peak, Packard Glacier, Purgatory Peak, Mount Harker, Baldwin Valley, Pond Peak, Mount Evans and Lizards Foot.
Mount Mahony
77°12′S 161°35′E / 77.200°S 161.583°E. A massive mountain, 1,870 metres (6,140 ft) high, standing just east of the head of Victoria Upper Glacier, in Victoria Land. Mapped by the Western Geological Party, led by G. Taylor, of the BrAE, 1910-13. Named for D. Mahony, geologist, of Melbourne, Australia.[10]
Wheeler Valley
77°12′S 161°44′E / 77.200°S 161.733°E. The ice-free hanging valley on the southwest side of Miller Glacier, immediately east of Mount Mahony in Victoria Land. Named by the VUWAE (1959-60) for R.H. Wheeler, the party's deputy leader and surveyor.[11]
Kuivinen Ridge
77°14′00″S 161°46′35″E / 77.233254°S 161.776278°E A transverse ridge extending southwest–northeast across St. Johns Range between an unnamed glacier and the Ringer Glacier. The ridge is 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) long and rises to 1,750 metres (5,740 ft) high at Lanyon Peak. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2005) after ice coring specialist Karl C. Kuivinen, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 1974-2003; Field Operations Manager, Ross Ice Shelf Project Management Office, UNL, 1974-78; Director, Polar Ice Coring Office, UNL, 1979-89 and 1994-2001; 15 summer field seasons in Antarctica, 1968-2000; 24 summer field seasons in Greenland and Alaska 1974-99.[12]
Rutherford Ridge
77°12′26″S 161°43′45″E / 77.2071°S 161.729157°E A transverse ridge, 5.5 nautical miles (10.2 km; 6.3 mi) long, extending southwest–northeast across Saint Johns Range between Wheeler Valley and Lobeck Glacier, Victoria Land. The ridge rises to 1550 meters in Mount Rowland. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2007) after Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron of Nelson and Cambridge (1871-1937), British physicist of New Zealand birth and winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 1908. His researches in radiation and atomic structure were basic to the later 20th-century developments in nuclear physics.[13]
Lanyon Peak
77°15′S 161°41′E / 77.250°S 161.683°E. A sharp rock peak 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) east of Victoria Upper Glacier in the Saint Johns Range of Victoria Land. Named by US-ACAN for Margaret C. Lanyon, a New Zealand national who for many years in the 1960's and 1970's served in a secretarial and administrative capacity with the United States Antarctic Research Program, in Christchurch.[14]
Mount Swinford
77°16′S 161°54′E / 77.267°S 161.900°E. A peak 2.75 nautical miles (5.09 km; 3.16 mi) west-northwest of Mount Harker in Saint Johns Range, Victoria Land. Named by US-ACAN for Lieutenant Commander Harold D. Swinford, United States Navy (CEC), who served with the Navy Nuclear Power Unit at McMurdo Station, wintering over there in 1963 and 1968.[15]
Mautino Peak
77°21′S 162°03′E / 77.350°S 162.050°E. A peak at the west side of Packard Glacier in the Saint Johns Range, Victoria Land. Named by US-ACAN for Commander Robert L. Mautino, United States Navy, officer-in-charge of the Naval Support Force winter-over detachment at McMurdo Station in 1972.[16]
Schist Peak
77°19′S 162°00′E / 77.317°S 162.000°E A peak, 1,650 metres (5,410 ft) high, surmounting the divide between the Willis and Packard Glaciers in the Saint Johns Range of Victoria Land. Named by the VUWAE (1959-60) for the rock type of which it is composed.[17]
Purgatory Peak
77°21′S 162°18′E / 77.350°S 162.300°E. Peak 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) southwest of Pond peak in the Saint Johns Range of Victoria Land. So named by the N.Z. Northern Survey Party of the CTAE, 1956-58, because of the extremely trying weather and surface conditions encountered while traveling toward and surveying from this peak.[18]
Mount Harker
77°18′S 162°05′E / 77.300°S 162.083°E. A peak at the east side of Willis Glacier in Saint Johns Range, in Victoria Land. Charted by the BrAE under Scott, 1910-13, and named for Doctor Alfred Harker, noted British petrologist.[19]
McWhinnie Peak
77°16′S 162°14′E / 77.267°S 162.233°E. A peak 2|nmi}} northeast of Mount Harker in Saint Johns Range. Named by US-ACAN for Mary A. McWhinnie, United States ArmyRP biologist who wintered-over at McMurdo Station in 1974. She worked on several Antarctic cruises in United States NavyS Eltanin between 1962 and 1972.[20]
Mayewski Peak
77°18′S 162°14′E / 77.300°S 162.233°E. A peak in the Saint Johns Range of Victoria Land, located midway on the ridge that bounds the north side of Baldwin Valley. Named by US-ACAN for Paul A. Mayewski who participated in United States ArmyRP glaciological and geological work at the McMurdo Station area (1968-69), McGregor Glacier (1970-71), Willett and Convoy Ranges (1971-72) and Rennick Glacier (1974-75).[21]
Pond Peak
77°19′S 162°24′E / 77.317°S 162.400°E. Conspicuous ice-free peak, 1,430 metres (4,690 ft) high, at the south side of the mouth of Baldwin Valley in Saint Johns Range. Named by US-ACAN in 1964 after James D. Pond, United States Navy, who was in charge of electronic repair and maintenance at Hallett Station, 1962.[22]
Mount Evans
77°15′S 162°29′E / 77.250°S 162.483°E. Mountain with a double summit rising to 1,420 metres (4,660 ft) high, dominating the central part of Saint Johns Range. Discovered by the BrNAE (1901-04) under Scott, who named it for Lieutenant Edward R.G.R. Evans (later Admiral Lord Mountevans) of the Morning, relief ship to the expedition. It was from this mountain that he took his "Mountevans."[23]
Lizards Foot
77°13′S 162°51′E / 77.217°S 162.850°E. Rocky spur forming the east end of the Saint Johns Range in Victoria Land. Charted and named by the BrAE under Scott, 1910-13.[24]
Other features
-Bowser Valley
77°20′06″S 161°54′43″E / 77.33500°S 161.91194°E
-Broady Valley
77°15′26″S 161°35′27″E / 77.25722°S 161.59083°E
-Crawford Valley
77°19′36″S 161°50′40″E / 77.32667°S 161.84444°E
-Gargoyle Turrets
77°09′51″S 161°40′56″E / 77.16417°S 161.68222°E
-Helicopter Mountains
77°11′27″S 161°25′50″E / 77.19083°S 161.43056°E
-Lanyon Peak
77°15′S 161°42′E / 77.250°S 161.700°E
-Morse Spur
77°20′11″S 161°48′52″E / 77.33639°S 161.81444°E
-Mount Bevilacqua
77°13′56″S 162°28′45″E / 77.23222°S 162.47917°E
-Mount Harker
77°18′00″S 162°05′00″E / 77.30000°S 162.08333°E
-Mount Lewis (Antarctica)
77°14′28″S 161°30′41″E / 77.24111°S 161.51139°E
-Mount Rowland
77°12′46″S 161°42′38″E / 77.21278°S 161.71056°E
-Mount Swinford
77°16′S 161°54′E / 77.267°S 161.900°E
-Ringer Valley
77°15′S 161°51′E / 77.250°S 161.850°E
-Sechrist Ridge
77°13′33″S 162°37′11″E / 77.22583°S 162.61972°E
-Spain Peak
77°17′54″S 161°41′40″E / 77.29833°S 161.69444°E
-Stone Ridge (Antarctica)
77°15′26″S 161°55′37″E / 77.25722°S 161.92694°E
-Templeton Peak
77°17′33″S 161°50′24″E / 77.29250°S 161.84000°E
-Tūkeri Peak
77°16′55″S 161°41′31″E / 77.28194°S 161.69194°E
-Watson Valley
77°14′23″S 161°34′05″E / 77.23972°S 161.56806°E
-Wise Ridge
77°16′10″S 161°59′34″E / 77.26944°S 161.99278°E
References
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 643.
- ^ Taylor Glacier USGS.
- ^ Ross Island USGS.
- ^ Lobeck Glacier USGS.
- ^ Anu Whakatoro Glacier USGS.
- ^ Dahe Glacier USGS.
- ^ Fenwick Glacier USGS.
- ^ Marchetti Glacier USGS.
- ^ Ringer Glacier USGS.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 456.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 808.
- ^ Kuivinen Ridge USGS.
- ^ Rutherford Ridge USGS.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 417.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 729.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 471.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 653.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 595.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 313.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 481.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 472.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 583.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 227.
- ^ Alberts 1995, p. 439.
Sources
- Alberts, Fred G., ed. (1995), Geographic Names of the Antarctic (PDF) (2 ed.), United States Board on Geographic Names, retrieved 2024-01-30
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Board on Geographic Names. - "Anu Whakatoro Glacier", Geographic Names Information System, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior
- "Dahe Glacier", Geographic Names Information System, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior
- "Fenwick Glacier", Geographic Names Information System, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior
- "Kuivinen Ridge", Geographic Names Information System, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior
- "Lobeck Glacier", Geographic Names Information System, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior
- "Marchetti Glacier", Geographic Names Information System, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior
- "Ringer Glacier", Geographic Names Information System, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior
- Ross Island, USGS: United States Geological Survey, retrieved 2024-02-13
- "Rutherford Ridge", Geographic Names Information System, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior
- Taylor Glacier, USGS: United States Geological Survey, retrieved 2024-02-13
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Geological Survey.