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Battle of Cetate

Coordinates: 44°06′N 23°13′E / 44.100°N 23.217°E / 44.100; 23.217
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Battle of Cetate
Part of the Crimean War

The Battle of Cetate
Date31 December 1853 – 6 January 1854
Location
Cetate, Wallachia
44°06′N 23°13′E / 44.100°N 23.217°E / 44.100; 23.217
Result Russian victory[1]
Belligerents
Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire Russian Empire Russian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Ottoman Empire Ahmed Pasha Russian Empire Col. Alexander Karlovich Baumgarten (WIA)
Russian Empire Maj. Gen. Karl Aleksandrovich Bellegarde
Strength
18,000
24 guns[2]		 First Engagement:
2,500
6 guns

Second Engagement:
5,000[2]
Casualties and losses
3,000
6 guns lost[2]		 2,000[2]

The Battle of Cetate was fought during the Crimean War. In this battle a large Ottoman force under Ahmed Pasha unsuccessfully attempted to capture the village of Cetate which was controlled by Russian Colonel Alexander Baumgarten [ru; de].

Background

The battle took place during the Danube campaign of the Crimean War. In the build-up to the war, Russia occupied the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, positioning troops on the left (northern) bank of the Danube, which formed the border with Ottoman territory. The Ottoman Empire had responded by moving troops to the right bank to face them.

In the west, on the border with Austria and Serbia, Russian troops in Cetate were faced by Ottoman forces in the fortress of Vidin.

Following the Ottoman ultimatum on 4 October 1853 to withdraw within 2 weeks, Ottoman forces under Ahmed Pasha crossed the river and occupied the town of Calafat, which they fortified as a bridgehead.

Battle

On 31 December 1853 Ahmed Pasha and a force of several thousand cavalry, supported by infantry, advanced to attack Cetate, which was held by a Russian detachment, under Colonel Alexander K. Baumgarten. This attack was repulsed, after which both sides called up reinforcements.

On 6 January 1854 (Christmas Day in the Russian Orthodox calendar), Ahmed renewed his assault with a force of 18,000 men.[2] The Russians repelled several attacks but were running out of shells and losing a significant number of the troops.[2] However, Russian reinforcements arrived during the day (under Major General Karl Aleksandrovich Bellegarde [ru][2]), and Ahmed, fearing an assault on his base and being cut off himself, abandoned the town and retreated to Calafat.

Aftermath

The battle at Cetate was ultimately indecisive. After heavy casualties on both sides, both armies were back at their start positions. The Ottoman forces were still in a strong position and barring contact between the Russians and the Serbs, to whom they looked for support, but were themselves no nearer driving the Russians from the Principalities, their stated aim.

  • Battle of Cetate by Karl Lanzedelli
    Battle of Cetate by Karl Lanzedelli
  • Arrival at Calafat of the wounded from Cetate
    Arrival at Calafat of the wounded from Cetate
  • Distribution of the Medjidie, after the Battle of Cetate
    Distribution of the Medjidie, after the Battle of Cetate
  • Colonel Alexander Karlovich Baumgarten, sometimes between 1858 and 1861
    Colonel Alexander Karlovich Baumgarten, sometimes between 1858 and 1861

References

  1. ^ Тарле Е. В. Крымская война. — Т. 1. — Глава IV. Дунайская кампания 1853 г. Вторжение русских войск в Молдавию и Валахию. Ольтеница и Четати
  2. ^ a b c d e f g "Cetate". encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 28 August 2020.

Bibliography

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Battle of Cetate.

See also

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