Bulb of vestibule
| Vestibular bulbs | |
|---|---|
 The internal and external anatomy of the human clitoris, as well as the urethral and vaginal openings. The clitoral hood and labia minora are simply indicated as lines (uncolored). | |
| Details | |
| Artery | artery of bulb of vestibule |
| Vein | vein of bulb of vestibule |
| Lymph | superficial inguinal lymph nodes |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | bulbus vestibuli vaginae |
| TA98 | A09.2.01.013 |
| TA2 | 3560 |
| FMA | 20199 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
In female anatomy, the vestibular bulbs, bulbs of the vestibule or clitoral bulbs are two elongated masses of erectile tissue typically described as being situated on either side of the vaginal opening. They are united to each other in front by a narrow median band. Some research indicates that they do not surround the vaginal opening, and are more closely related to the clitoris than to the vestibule.[1] They constitute the root of the clitoris along with the crura.
Structure
Research indicates that the vestibular bulbs are more closely related to the clitoris than to the vestibule because of the similarity of the trabecular and erectile tissue within the clitoris and bulbs, and the absence of trabecular tissue in other genital organs, with the erectile tissue's trabecular nature allowing engorgement and expansion during sexual arousal.[1] Ginger et al. state that although a number of texts report that they surround the vaginal opening, this does not appear to be the case and tunica albuginea does not envelop the erectile tissue of the bulb.[1]
The vestibular bulbs are homologous to the bulb of penis and the adjoining part of the corpus spongiosum of the male and consist of two elongated masses of erectile tissue.[2] Their posterior ends are expanded and are in contact with the greater vestibular glands; their anterior ends are tapered and joined to one another by the pars intermedia; their deep surfaces are in contact with the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm; superficially, they are covered by the bulbospongiosus.
Physiology
During the response to sexual arousal, the bulbs fill with blood, which then becomes trapped, causing erection. As the clitoral bulbs fill with blood, they tightly cuff the vaginal opening, causing the vulva to expand outward. This puts pressure on nearby structures that include the corpora cavernosa and crura, inducing pleasure.
The blood inside the bulb's erectile tissue is released to the circulatory system by the spasms of orgasm, but if orgasm does not occur, the blood will exit the bulbs over several hours.[3]
Corpus spongiosum
The junction of the bulbs form two very small strands of erectile tissue called the corpora spongiosa clitoridis (sg.: corpus spongiosum clitoridis). They also (although to a much less extent) engage in clitoral erection by filling with blood. They are on the ventral side within the clitoral body and are homologous to the male corpus spongiosum penis.[4][5][6][7]
Additional images
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The sub-areas of the clitoris—areas include clitoral glans, body, crura. The vestibular bulbs and corpora cavernosa are also shown. -
Clitoral bulbs under the labia and on both sides of the vaginal entrance
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 1266 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ a b c Ginger, V A T; Yang, C C (2011). "Chapter 2: Functional Anatomy of the Female Sex Organs". In Mulhall, John P.; Incrocci, Luca; Goldstein, Irwin; Rosen, Ray (eds.). Cancer and Sexual Health. Springer Publishing. pp. 13–22. ISBN 978-1-60761-915-4. Retrieved June 23, 2012.
- ^ Clemente, Carmine D. (2010). Clemente's Anatomy Dissector: Guides to Individual Dissections in Human Anatomy with Brief Relevant Clinical Notes (applicable for Most Curricula). Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health. p. 205. ISBN 978-1-60831-384-6. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
- ^ Chalker, Rebecca (2000). The Clitoral Truth. Seven Seas Press. p. 200. ISBN 1-58322-473-4.
- ^ Bono, Christopher M.; Lin, Vernon W. (14 May 2014). Spinal Cord Medicine: Principles and Practice (2nd ed.). Demos Medical Publishing. p. 1176. ISBN 9781935281771. Archived from the original on 28 February 2023. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
- ^ Clemente, Carmine D. (2010). Clemente's Anatomy Dissector. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 205. ISBN 978-1-60831-384-6. Archived from the original on 28 February 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ^ Goldstein, Irwin; Meston, Cindy M.; Davis, Susan; Traish, Abdulmaged (2006). Women's Sexual Function and Dysfunction: Study, Diagnosis and Treatment. Taylor & Francis. p. 675. ISBN 978-1-84214-263-9.
- ^ Rollwagen, Robert Ian (2020). Organ Orgasms: My Experiences with Conscious Blood Flow. FriesenPress. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-52556-291-4.
External links
- Anatomy photo:41:11-0204 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "The Female Perineum: Muscles of the Superficial Perineal Pouch"
- figures/chapter_38/38-4.HTM: Basic Human Anatomy at Dartmouth Medical School
