Oyina

Out of 9 prerev Turkestan newspaper, "most successful of

them was the bilingual (Persian/Turki) weekly journal Oyina (The Mirror), which was launched in Samarkand in August 1913 and discontinued in June 1915 after only 68 issues"^[1]

published by Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy
Aug 1913 to Oct 1915. Major role in spreading Enlightement ideas. Some ads in Russia. Bilingual Turki Persian. News, editorials, science in Turki, whereas essays and texts on philosophical issues in (third) in Persian
Hoji Muin [uz] temporary editor in 1914 or 1915. Many texts by Hoji Muin appeared in Oyina

^[2]

Most important Jadid periodical in Turkestan. Wealthy philantropist^[3]

Hoji Muin editor 1914-1915.^[4]

^ Loy, T., & Levin, Z. (2022). From “Mercy” to “Banner of Labour”: the Bukharan Jewish press in late Tsarist and early Soviet Central Asia. Central Asian Survey, 41(1), pp. 22–40.
^ Shinji Ido, Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari. Tajik Linguistics. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2023. pp. 14-15
^ Adeeb Khalid. Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR. Cornell University Press, 2015. p. 49
^ Paul Bergne. The Birth of Tajikistan: National Identity and the Origins of the Republic. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2007. p. 141

[tand-1] Loy, T., & Levin, Z. (2022). From “Mercy” to “Banner of Labour”: the Bukharan Jewish press in late Tsarist and early Soviet Central Asia. Central Asian Survey, 41(1), pp. 22–40.

[2] Shinji Ido, Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari. Tajik Linguistics. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2023. pp. 14-15

[3] Adeeb Khalid. Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR. Cornell University Press, 2015. p. 49

[4] Paul Bergne. The Birth of Tajikistan: National Identity and the Origins of the Republic. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2007. p. 141

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