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List of snipers

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Look up sniper in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

A sniper is a trained sharpshooter who operates alone, in a pair, or with a sniper team to maintain close visual contact with a target and engage the targets from concealed positions or distances exceeding the detection capabilities of enemy personnel.

Military snipers

Some notable military snipers include

Name Lived Active Notes Confirmed
sniper kills 		Nationality
Noah Adamia 1919–1942 1938–1942 A Soviet Georgian naval infantryman who is credited with over 200 kills and several tanks knocked out.[1] Trained another 80 snipers within a couple of months during the Second World War.[2] 200+  Soviet Union
Josef Allerberger him 1943–1945 A German sniper who fought with the II Battalion of the 144th Gebirgsjäger Regiment of the 3rd Mountain Division; he served on the Eastern Front, and was credited with 257 kills. Allerberger is the second most successful German sniper.[3] 257  Nazi Germany
Hiram Berdan 1824–1893 1861–1864 The commander of the 1st and 2nd US Sharpshooters during the American Civil War.[4] N/A  United States
Herman Davis 1888–1923 1918 American sniper of the First World War, awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, the Croix de Guerre with palm, the Croix de Guerre with Gilt Star and the Médaille Militaire awards from the American and French governments.[5][6] 60  United States
Fedir Dyachenko 1917–1995 1932–1945 Soviet Ukrainian sniper during World War II, credited with as many as 425 kills and awarded with the Hero of the Soviet Union. 425  Soviet Union
Rob Furlong 1976– 1996–2003 A Canadian Army sniper who held the record for the kill from the greatest distance during Operation Anaconda, War in Afghanistan.[7] 1+  Canada
Lucky Bisht 1988– 2003–2019 An Indian Secret Service Sniper, Nickname Lima[8] who has a record that he shot the heads of two gangsters with a single bullet, killing both but till date no agency has been able to find out how he did this.[9] He is also alleged to be a contract killer.[10][11][12] [13] 139 India India
Gary Gordon 1960–1993 1978–1993 A Delta Force sniper who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for protecting the injured crew of a downed helicopter during the Battle of Mogadishu.[14] N/A  United States
Craig Harrison 1974- 1990-2014 A British Army sniper who achieved the fourth longest confirmed kill shot in history (2,475 m) using the Accuracy International L115A3 Long Range Rifle.[15] N/A  United Kingdom
Carlos Hathcock 1942–1999 1959–1979 A renowned United States Marine Corps sniper who is credited with 93 confirmed kills.[16][17] 93  United States
Dejan Berić 1974- 2014-present Simply known as Deki (Деки) is a Serbian volunteer in the forces of the Donetsk People's Republic with the rank of Major, who is fighting as a sniper in the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War. N/A  Serbia
Simo Häyhä 1905–2002 1939–1940 A Finnish sniper during the 1939–40 Winter War known as the "White Death" from his habit of lying in the snow wearing snow camouflage and a white face mask, waiting for a target to appear. Antti Rantamaa, who served as a field chaplain in Häyhä's regiment, credited him with 259 confirmed kills by sniper rifle and equal number of kills by light machine gun and submachine gun during the war.[18] All of Häyhä's kills were made over the course of fewer than 100 days, before he was seriously wounded—an average of just over 5 per day, with the highest daily count numbering 45 kills—at a time of year with few daylight hours.[19][20] 542->  Finland
Musa Herdem [ku; pt] 1987–2015 2006–2015 A YPG sniper known as 'Musa' with allegedly more than 80 confirmed kills, mainly during the fighting for Kobani during the Syrian Civil War.[21]  Rojava
PJAK
PKK
Matthäus Hetzenauer 1924–2004 1943–1945 An Austrian sniper on the Eastern Front during World War II who was credited with 345 kills between 1943 and 1945.[22] 345  Nazi Germany
Abukhadzhi Idrisov 1918–1983 1939–1944 A Soviet Chechen sniper credited with 349+ kills during World War II. He was reported to have killed 100 soldiers in only 10 days of fighting. Awarded multiple of the highest state orders of the Soviet Union. [23] 349+  Soviet Union
Nikolai Ilyin 1925–1943 1941–1943 Soviet sniper with 494 kills, who fought in the 50th Guards Rifle Division during the Battle of Stalingrad, World War II.[24] 494  Soviet Union
Nicholas Irving 1987– 2004–2010 A sniper nicknamed "The Reaper" with the 3rd Ranger Battalion deployed in Afghanistan in 2009, with 33 confirmed kills.[25] 33  United States
Juba N/A 2005–2007 Juba (Arabic: جوبا) (also called "Joba") is the pseudonym of an alleged sniper involved in the Iraq War's insurgency. He participated in Iraqi Civil War as well as the 2003 Invasion of Iraq.[citation needed] 700+ (Allegedly)

63

(confirmed)

 Iraq
Tatang Koswara 1947–2015 1975–1976 A sniper credited with at least 41 confirmed kills in only a single mission during the Indonesian invasion of East Timor in the 1970s. Other story said he killed 49 in a single mission, because he saved one bullet for himself out of 50 bullets he brought [26] 41+  Indonesia
Ivan Kulbertinov 1917–1993 1941–1945 A Russian Soviet sniper credited with 252, or alternatively 487 kills using a Mosin-Nagant 1891 rifle during the Second World War.[27][28] 252  Soviet Union
Vasilij Kvachantiradze 1907–1950 1941–1945 A Soviet Georgian sniper who is credited with 534 kills during World War II, one of the highest Soviet kill counts.[29] Known for almost single-handedly thwarting a German assault on Shumilino in Belarus.[30] 500+  Soviet Union
Chris Kyle 1974–2013 1999–2009 A US Navy SEAL credited with 160 confirmed kills by the Pentagon, but who allegedly killed 255.[31] 160  United States
Marie Ljalková 1920–2011 1942–1953 A Czech sniper fighting in the Soviet Army during World War II who was credited with at least 30 confirmed kills.[32] 30+  Czechoslovakia
Charles Marlowe 1968– 1987–1990 A United States Marine Corps sniper who holds the record for most solo missions completed (27).[33] 46  United States
Chuck Mawhinney 1949– 1967–1970 A United States Marine Corps sniper who holds the record for most confirmed kills by a US Marine (103),[34] with an additional 216 "probable kills". 103 - 319  United States
Herbert W. McBride 1873–1933 1914–1918 A US citizen who serves as a captain in the 21st Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force, during World War One.[35] 100+  United States
Philip McDonald 1886–1916 1914–1916 8th Battalion (90th Winnipeg Rifles), CEF, 42 confirmed kills during the First World War. Killed in action 3 January 1916.[36] 42  Canada
Neville Methven N/A 1916–1918 A big game hunter and target shooter who served as an officer with Sir Abe Bailey's South African Sharpshooters on the Western Front during World War One.[citation needed] 100  South Africa
Olga Minchakievich 1898-1920 1917-1920 World War One and Russian Civil War sniper. Regular member of The 1st Russian Women's Battalion of Death. 129  Russian Republic
Tatianna Minchakievich 1900-1920 1918-1920 World War One and Russian Civil War sniper. Regular member of The 1st Russian Women's Battalion of Death. One of the highest confirmed number of kills of any female at 93 kills using only the iron sights of a 7.62x54mm Mosin-Nagant Model 1891. 93  Russian Republic
Timothy Murphy 1751–1818 1775–1780 An American Revolutionary War sniper credited with killing British General Simon Fraser during the Battle of Saratoga.[37] 1+  United States
Semyon Nomokonov 1900–1973 1941–1945 A Soviet Russian World War II sniper with 367 logged kills.[38] 367  Soviet Union
Henry Norwest 1884–1918 1915–1918 A sniper in the 50th Canadian Infantry Battalion during the First World War. He had 115 confirmed kills and was killed by a German sniper on 18 August 1918.[39] 115  Canada
Fyodor Okhlopkov 1908–1968 1941–1945 A Russian Soviet sniper credited with 423 confirmed kills during World War II.[40] 423  Soviet Union
Johnson Paudash 1875–1959 1914–1918 A member of the 21st Battalion (Eastern Ontario), CEF during World War One who made 88 confirmed kills.[41] 88  Canada
Lyudmila Pavlichenko 1916–1974 1941–1953 Soviet sniper. The most successful female sniper during World War II. She served in the Soviet army and had 309 confirmed kills. Pavlichenko was called "Lady Death" for her ability with a sniper rifle. She served in the Red Army during the siege of Odesa and the siege of Sevastopol. She was awarded Hero of the Soviet Union[40] 309  Soviet Union
Vladimir Pchelintsev 1919–2001 1941–1945 Credited with 152 kills using a Mosin-Nagant 1891 rifle during the Second World War.[42] 152  Soviet Union
Francis Pegahmagabow 1891–1952 1914–1919 An Ojibwe sniper in World War I who is credited with 378 kills, and an unknown number of unconfirmed kills.[43] 378  Canada
Friedrich Pein 1915–1975 1943–1945 An Austrian fighting in the German Army credited with over 200 kills on the Eastern Front between 1943 and 1945 during the Second World War.[citation needed] 200+  Nazi Germany
Arron Perry 1972– 1999–2005 A Canadian Army sniper who briefly held the record for the longest-ever recorded and confirmed sniper kill in 2002.[7] 1+  Canada
Stepan Petrenko 1922–1984 1941–1945 Soviet sniper during the Second World War with 422 confirmed kills, awarded the HSU (Hero of the Soviet Union).[24] 422  Soviet Union
Ranjith Premasiri Madalana (Nero) 1969–2009 2000–2009 A sniper in the Sri Lanka Army during the country's civil war alias "Nero" who is recorded as having made 217 confirmed kills of Tamil Tigers.[44] 217  Sri Lanka
Graham Ragsdale 1969– 1988–2003 A former Canadian Army sniper who fought in Afghanistan in 2002[7] and 2005-2014 as a designated defensive marksman with private military companies. 56  Canada
Patrick Riel 1876–1916 1914–1916 A Métis Canadian attached to the 8th Battalion (90th Winnipeg Rifles), CEF during the First World War with 30 confirmed kills. Killed in action by shell fire on 14 January 1916.[45] 30  Canada
Ben Roberts-Smith 1978– 1996–2015 A sniper with the Australian Special Air Service Regiment who was awarded the Medal of Gallantry for his actions in 2006 during Operation Perth in the Chora Valley of Oruzgan Province, Afghanistan.[46] Subsequently, awarded the Victoria Cross for Australia in 2011. N/A  Australia
Ian Robertson 1927–2014 1945–1953 A sniper with the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment after the Second World War, becoming one of the most effective snipers of the Korean War. In a single morning, Robertson killed 30 enemy soldiers.[47] 30+  Australia
Roza Shanina 1924–1945 1943–1945 A Russian Soviet sniper during the Second World War, credited with 60 kills, including 12 soldiers during the Battle of Vilnius in 1944.[48] 60  Soviet Union
Justin Dygert 1986- 2005-2011 JSOC A Scout Sniper who was awarded for protecting the injured crew of a downed helicopter during a firefight in Somalia.[14] 41  United States
Ivan Sidorenko 1919–1994 1939–1945 A Soviet sniper credited with over 500 kills during the Second World War.[citation needed] 500+  Soviet Union
Billy Sing 1886–1943 1914–1918 An Australian First World War sniper credited with over 150 confirmed kills. Contemporary evidence puts his tally at close to 300 kills.[49] 150+  Australia
Mikhail Surkov 1921–1953 1941–1945 Soviet sniper in World War II. Official documents indicate a tally around 236 kills, although newspapers inflated his tally to over 700 kills.[50][51] 236  Soviet Union
Bruno Sutkus 1924–2003 1944–1945 A Lithuanian sniper fighting in the German Army during the Second World War. He was credited with 209 kills on the Eastern Front between 1944 and 1945.[citation needed] 209  Nazi Germany
Abu Tahsin al-Salhi 1953–2017 1973–2017 A sniper who fought in the Yom Kippur War, Iran–Iraq War, invasion of Kuwait, Gulf War, as well as the 2003 Invasion of Iraq.[52][53][54] However, his kills in other wars other than against ISIS are unaccounted for and unknown. 341+ (against ISIS only) (Alleged)  Iraq
Adelbert Waldron 1933–1995 1968–1970 A United States Army sniper who formerly held the record for the most confirmed kills by a US military sniper (109).[55] 109  United States
Alvin York 1887–1964 1917–1918 An expert sharpshooter with the 82nd Infantry Division who used an M1917 Enfield rifle during the Meuse–Argonne offensive near Chatel-Chéhéry, France, 1918 in World War I. Medal of Honor recipient for leading an assault on machine gun positions.[citation needed] 28[citation needed]  United States
Vasily Zaytsev 1915–1991 1937–1945 A Soviet sniper who fought at the Battle of Stalingrad. Zaytsev is credited with 242 kills (including 11 snipers).[40] 242  Soviet Union
Zhang Taofang 1931–2007 1953–1985 A Chinese sniper who fought in the Korean War with 214 confirmed kills over 32 days.[56] 214  China
Abdorrasul Zarrin 1941–1984 1979–1984 An Iranian sniper in the Iran–Iraq War. He had 700 kills during the war.

According to Seyyed Ahmad Mousavi, his friend and Intelligence Commander of the Younis Diver Battalion of Imam Hussein army asked Zarrin how many kills did he had, and he said more than 3,000 kills. The Jamejam newspaper agreed on this number.

700+  Iran
James George Smith Neill N/A 1857 An unknown Indian sniper, who fought for the Oudh state during the Siege of Lucknow in the Indian Rebellion of 1857, nicknamed "Jim the nailer" by defending British soldiers.[57] N/A Oudh
Zhou Xixiang 1931– 1950–??? A Chinese sniper who fought in the Korean War with 203 confirmed kills with 206 bullets.[58] 203  China
N/A A soldier who is reputedly the deadliest sniper alive as of 2009 with 173 confirmed kills, mostly with the L115A3 on a single tour with British Army in Afghanistan in 2006–2007, including over 90 Taliban members in one day.[59] 173  United Kingdom

Non-military snipers

Not all snipers are highly trained professional soldiers. The term is sometimes ambiguously used to describe criminals firing from cover at long range with a rifle, as well as police sharpshooters. Some non-military snipers include:

Name Lived Notes Nationality
Frank Carter 1881–1927 A notorious murderer in Omaha, Nebraska, who claimed to have murdered 43 victims.[60]  United States
Michael Andrew Clark 1949–1965 A teenage sniper who killed three and wounded six in Highway 101 shooting spree on 25 April 1965.[61]  United States
Byron De La Beckwith 1920–2001 An ex-US Marine and white supremacist, assassinated NAACP field secretary Medgar Evers after the civil rights activist arrived home in Jackson, Mississippi on 12 June 1963.[citation needed]  United States
William "Billy" Dixon 1850–1913 Defended the Adobe Walls settlement against Native American attack with his legendary buffalo rifle, and was one of eight civilians in United States history to receive the Medal of Honor.[citation needed]  United States
Tha'ir Kayid Hamad 1980- A Palestinian sniper who killed 7 Israeli soldiers and 3 Israeli civilian settlers with a WWII-era Mauser rifle during the Second Intifada in 2002. He would be arrested two years later and sentenced to life imprisonment.[62]  Palestine
Jack Hinson 1807–1874 A farmer who engaged Union troops at long range during the American Civil War and recorded 36 officer "kills" on his custom-made .50 caliber Kentucky long rifle with iron sights.[63]  United States
Lon Horiuchi 1954– A Federal Bureau of Investigation sniper who shot Randy Weaver and shot and killed Vicki Weaver at Ruby Ridge.[64]  United States
Thomas "Tom" Horn, Jr. 1860–1903 An American Old West lawman, scout, and hired gunman, known for shooting cattle rustlers and sheepherders at long range with a Sharps rifle.[65]  United States
John Allen Muhammad and Lee Boyd Malvo 1960–2009
1985– 		Perpetrators of the Beltway sniper attacks, a series of coordinated shootings that took place over three weeks in October 2002 in Maryland, Virginia, and Washington, D.C. Ten people were killed and three other victims were critically injured in several locations throughout the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area and along Interstate 95 in Virginia.[citation needed]  United States
Lee Harvey Oswald 1939–1963 A former US Marine who assassinated President John F. Kennedy and shot Governor John Connally in Dallas, Texas on 22 November 1963, and shot at General Edwin Walker on 10 April 1963.[66]  United States
Stephen Paddock 1953–2017 Perpetrator of the 2017 Las Vegas shooting using multiple high-powered modified rifles from the 32nd floor of a high-rise hotel, killing 60 people and wounding over 800 others on 1 October 2017.[citation needed]  United States
Charles Whitman 1941–1966 A college student and former US Marine who fired from a clock tower on the University of Texas Austin campus, killing 14 and wounding 32 on 1 August 1966.[67]  United States

See also

References

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  3. ^ Akbrecht Wacker "Sniper on the Eastern Front: The Memoirs of Sepp Allerberger" Pen and Sword 2008
  4. ^ "Hiram Berdan and the US Sharpshooters". American Civil War Society.
  5. ^ "DAVIS (VETERAN WWI, FAMOUS), HERMAN – Mississippi County, Arkansas | HERMAN DAVIS (VETERAN WWI, FAMOUS) – Arkansas Gravestone Photos". arkansasgravestones.org. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
  6. ^ Pegler, Martin (June 2017), "The Allies Strike Back: The Genesis of Sniping, Part 5", American Rifleman, 60–63; 63.
  7. ^ a b c Friscolanti, Michael (15 May 2006), We were abandoned, Rogers Publishing, pp. 18–25
  8. ^ "from modis bodyguard to spending years". newindianexpress.com. 16 October 2022. Archived from the original on 16 October 2022.
  9. ^ "देश के मशहूर लेखक हुसैन जैदी लिखेंगे कमांडो लकी बिष्ट की कहानी, जल्द फिल्म भी बनेगी". NDTVइण्डिया.com (in Hindi). 24 May 2022.
  10. ^ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Dehradun Edition". tribuneindia.com.
  11. ^ "दोहरे हत्याकांड में लकी कमांडो समेत पांचों आरोपी बरी". livehindustan.com (in Hindi). 7 March 2018.
  12. ^ "राजू परगई और अमित आर्य के पांचां हत्यारोपी बरी". Amar Ujala.
  13. ^ Sharma, sunil (12 February 2023). "નરેન્દ્ર મોદીના પૂર્વ સુરક્ષા કમાન્ડો સાથે વાતચીત:'દુનિયામાંથી આતંકવાદ ક્યારેય નાબૂદ નહીં થાય', NSG-રૉ એજન્ટ લકી બિષ્ટ કહે છે, 'જોયું તો મારા સાહેબનું માથું જ નહોતું". Danik.
  14. ^ a b Durant, Michael J.; Hartov, Steve (2003). In The Company of Heroes: A True Story. Putnam Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-399-15060-9.
  15. ^ "British sniper Craig Harrison (The Silent Assassin) breaks record, kills target from 1.5 miles away". Daily News. New York. 3 May 2010. Archived from the original on 18 October 2010.
  16. ^ Sasser, Charles; Roberts, Craig (1990). One Shot, One Kill (1990 ed.). Pocket Books. ISBN 978-0-671-68219-4.
  17. ^ Kennedy, Harold (March 2003). "Marine Corps Sets Sights on More Precise Shooting". National Defense Magazine. Archived from the original on 30 January 2007. Retrieved 30 March 2007. Founded in 1977, the school's first staff NCOIC was the famed sniper, Gunnery Sgt. Carlos Hathcock II, who was credited with 93 confirmed kills in Vietnam.
  18. ^ Saarelainen, Tapio (31 October 2016). The White Sniper. Casemate. ISBN 9781612004297. Retrieved 22 March 2024 – via Google Books.
  19. ^ Rayment, Sean (30 April 2006). "The long view". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 30 March 2009.
  20. ^ Tapio A.M. Saarelainen: Sankarikorpraali Simo Häyhä (2006)
  21. ^ Buiso, Gary (1 January 2015). "Gritty Kurdish fighter gloats over recapture of Kobane". AFP. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
  22. ^ Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
  23. ^ "Abukhadzhi Idrisov". soviet-aces-1936-53.ru. Archived from the original on 9 November 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  24. ^ a b "10 Most Lethal Snipers of WWII". War History Online. 20 January 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
  25. ^ Connelly, Sherryl (24 January 2015). "'The Reaper' is gripping autobiography of sniper who killed record 33 Taliban in Afghanistan deployment". Daily News. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  26. ^ ""Indonesian Sniper" Tatang Koswara passes away at 68". Coconuts Media. 4 March 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  27. ^ "Deadly Accuracy: The Top Snipers of World War 2". WorldWars.Com. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
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  29. ^ "Квачантирадзе Василий Шалвович - Советские снайперы 1941-1945 гг". soviet-aces-1936-53.ru.
  30. ^ "Квачантирадзе Василий Шалвович - Армейский сайт "Почта полевая"". pochta-polevaya.ru.
  31. ^ Kyle, Chris; McEwen, Scott; DeFelice, Jim (2012). American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-208237-4.
  32. ^ "Умерла Мария Лялькова-Ластовецка – самый знаменитый чешский снайпер". Radio Prague International. 10 November 2011.
  33. ^ Stone, Tim. "Always Alone". [Military Times].
  34. ^ Perry, Tony (22 January 2000). "A Sniper at Peace With His Duties". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  35. ^ "Herbert W. McBride (1873–1933)". TeeJawa. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
  36. ^ "'Crack Marksmen': Canada's Aboriginal Snipers in WWI". American Rifleman.
  37. ^ Senich, Peter R. (1988). The Complete Book of U.S. Sniping. Boulder: Paladin Press. pp. 50–57. ISBN 978-0-87364-460-0.
  38. ^ Номоконов – вновь на коне (in Russian). Zabmedia. 13 January 2010. Retrieved 5 August 2014.
  39. ^ "Sharpshooter: Henry Louis Norwest". Government of Canada. 7 October 2014. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  40. ^ a b c Haskew, Michael (1 November 2005). The Sniper at War: From the American Revolutionary War to the Present Day. St. Martin's Press. pp. 65, 73–74. ISBN 978-0-312-33651-6.
  41. ^ "Johnson Paudash MM". Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  42. ^ "Пчелинцев Владимир Николаевич". soviet-aces-1936-53.ru. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
  43. ^ Brownlie, Robin (2003). A Fatherly Eye: Indian Agents, Government Power, and Aboriginal Resistance in Ontario, 1918–1939. University of Toronto Press. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-19-541784-5.
  44. ^ Infolanka. "How the LTTE was 'military' defeated: A Soldier's view – Part Seven". infolanka.asia. Infolanka. Retrieved 28 March 2015. It is 'Juba' the sniper who causes havoc in Iraq and it was Corporal W.I. Ranjith Premasiri alias 'Nero' of SLA who was responsible for the deaths of more than 217 Tiger cadres, before his demise on 28 April 2009.
  45. ^ "Private Patrick Riel". Canadian Great War Project. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
  46. ^ Nicholson, Brendan (23 April 2011). "You think I'm brave? Meet my mates: Ben Roberts-Smith". theaustralian.com.au. The Australian. Retrieved 11 February 2012.
  47. ^ "A sniper's tale". The Sydney Morning Herald. 26 April 2004.
  48. ^ "Шанина Роза Георгиевна". soviet-aces-1936-53.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 7 November 2020.
  49. ^ Hamilton, J. C. M. (2008). Gallipoli Sniper: The life of Billy Sing. Sydney: Pan Macmillan Australia. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-4050-3865-2.
  50. ^ Алексей Илларионович Луковец (1975). Знамена Победы. During the war, "Frontovaya Illustratsiya" wrote: "Sniper Sergeant Mikhail Surkov shoots at the enemy confidently and accurately. – He does not wound – he hits the spot. After killing over 700 Fascists, he went on to the next hunt" {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  51. ^ "Сурков Михаил Ильич". soviet-aces-1936-53.ru. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
  52. ^ Watkinson, William (25 February 2017). "63-year-old Iraqi sniper says he has killed 321 Isis fighters since 2015". International Business Times UK. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
  53. ^ "Islamic State super sniper killing militants by the dozen". NewsComAu. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
  54. ^ "Anti-IS 'sheikh sniper' killed in battle for Iraq's Hawija". Gulf-Times (in Arabic). 30 September 2017. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
  55. ^ Kirchner, Paul (2009). More of the Deadliest Men Who Ever Lived. Boulder: Paladin Press. ISBN 978-1-58160-690-4.
  56. ^ Stronge, Charles (25 January 2011). Kill Shot: The 15 Deadliest Snipers of All Time. Ulysses Press. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-56975-862-5.
  57. ^ Sasser, Charles W. (1990). One Shot One Kill. Simon and Schuster. p. 288. ISBN 9781439137123.
  58. ^ "206发子弹毙敌203人，神枪手邹习祥：美军比狐狸好打多了". k.sina.cn. 6 February 2020.
  59. ^ "British Royal Marine is world's deadliest sniper". The Daily Telegraph. London. 2 February 2015.
  60. ^ "Sniper Shoots Council Bluffs Detective; Terror of People Hits Omaha's Business". The New York Times. 20 February 1926.
  61. ^ Demaris, Ovid (1971). America the Violent. Penguin Books. p. 344.
  62. ^ Haaretz Staff (4 March 2002). "10 slain near Ofra; soldier dies in Gaza". Haaretz. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  63. ^ McKenney, Tom (23 September 2010). Jack Hinson's One-man War: A Civil War Sniper. Pelican Publishing. p. 79. ISBN 978-1-4556-0646-7.
  64. ^ Witkin, Gordon (11 September 1995). "The nightmare of Idaho's Ruby Ridge". U.S. News & World Report.
  65. ^ Anderson, Dan & Yadon, Laurence J. (2007), 100 Oklahoma Outlaws, Gangsters, and Lawmen: 1839–1939, Pelican Publishing Company, p. 231, ISBN 978-1-58980-384-8
  66. ^ Bugliosi, Vincent (2007). Reclaiming History: The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-04525-3.
  67. ^ Cawthorne, Nigel (2007). Serial Killers And Mass Murderers: Profiles of the World's Most Barbaric Criminals. Ulysses Press. ISBN 978-1-569-75578-5.
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