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Hazarewal

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This article is about the inhabitants of the Hazara region in Pakistan. For the Persian-speaking ethnic group of Afghanistan, see Hazara people.

Hazarewal (Urdu: ہزاریوال; Hazarewal pronunciation: [(h)əzaːɾeːʋaːl]; Standard pronunciation: [həzaːɾeːʋaːl]) refers to the inhabitants of the Hazara region in Northern Pakistan. This region is known for its multi-ethnic population, comprising various ethnic groups with diverse origins. The majority of the inhabitants belong to Dardic tribes (Swatis,Tanolis,Yashkuns,Mankiyalis,Shinkari,Rajkoti,Chilis,Gabara and Marooch[1]), alongside communities of Punjabi (Awans,Karlal's, Abbassi's) and Pashtun tribes (Tareens, Dilazak, Yousafzai) who migrated to the area.

The primary language spoken in the Hazara region is a Punjabi dialect called Hindko, followed by other Dardic languages as well as Pashto - predominantly in the Battagram District. The linguistic diversity reflects the region's rich cultural and ethnic tapestry.

Languages

Indigenous Hazarewal languages: Hindko,Bateri[2], Chilliso[3], Mankiyali[4],Kohistani-Shina and Kohistani

Non-Indigenous languages: Pashto

Tribes

Dardic Hazarewals: Swatis,Tanolis,Yashkuns,Mankiyalis,Shinkari,Rajkoti,Chilis,Gabara and Marooch[5]

Punjabi tribes: Awan,Abbassi and Karlal

Language and Culture

Hindko which is a punjabi dialect , is the most spoken language of Hazara Division followed by and various Dardic languages and Pashto. Hindko speaking Hazarewals reside in and form the majority in the Haripur District, Abbottabad District, and Mansehra District and belong to the Punjabi-origin tribes including Awan, Abbasi and Karlal; and Dardic-origin tribes including Swati ,Tanoli, Mankiyali's and Jadoon. Pashto-speaking Hazarewals include the Yusufzais of Torghar District. The Kohistani people Yashkuns inhabiting the northern most districts of Hazara speak in various Kohistani languages.[6][7][8]

Jumlo/Peyraan dress worn by the Hazarewal community

Another form of Punjabi, called Pahari-Pothwari, is spoken by sections of the Karlal and Abbasi tribes of the Galyat region of Abbottabad District (where the local variety is called Dhundi-Kairali). Gujari[6] is spoken by some nomadic Gujjars of the Kaghan Valley.[9][10][11]

Hazarewal belt





Notable Hazarewals

Swatis:

Karlals

Jadoons

Abbasis

Tanolis

Tareens


Others

See also

References

  1. ^ Biddulph, John (1880). Tribes of the Hindoo Koosh. Government Print. ISBN 978-0-608-37572-4.
  2. ^ "About: Bateri language". dbpedia.org. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
  3. ^ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337828315_THE_ENDANGERED_LANGUAGES_OF_NORTHERN_PAKISTAN_IN_THE_DIGITAL_AGE. {{cite web}}: External link in |last= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Ullah, Shakir; Hussain, Qandeel; Anjum, Uzma (2020-12-31). "Mankiyali (Pakistan) – Language Snapshot". Language Documentation and Description. 19 (0). doi:10.25894/ldd70. ISSN 2756-1224.
  5. ^ Biddulph, John (1880). Tribes of the Hindoo Koosh. Government Print. ISBN 978-0-608-37572-4.
  6. ^ a b Rensch, Calvin Ross; O'Leary, Clare F.; Hallberg, Calinda E. (1992). Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan: Hindko and Gujari. National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University. pp. 10–11. Members of a variety of ethnic groups speak the language called Hindko. A large number of Hindko speakers in Hazara Division (Mansehra and Abbottabad Districts) are Pashtoons. Some of those speak Hindko as a second language; many others speak it as their mother tongue. These include the Tahir Kheli Pashtoons, who claim to have migrated to Hazara Division from Afghanistan during the eighteenth century. Many other mother- tongue speakers of Hindko are Swati Pathans, who are said to have formerly spoken Pashto while living in the lower Swat valley. After migrating across the Indus River into Hazara Division, which Ahmed dates around A.D. 1515, the Swatis adopted the Hindko language. There are also Pashtoons belonging to three other groups, the Yusufzai, the Jadun and the Tarin, who have replaced Pashto with Hindko. Many speakers of Hindko belong to groups other than the Pashtoons: Some of these are Saiyids, said to have come to the area in the early centuries of Islamic history, many of whom live in the Peshawar area. Large numbers of Hindko speakers are Avans, particularly in Attock District and Hazara Division. Still others belong to groups of Moughals, Bulghadris, Turks and Qureshis. In Jammun significant numbers of Gujars have adopted Hindko as their first language.
  7. ^ Watson, Hubert Digby (1908). Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1907. Chatto & Windus.
  8. ^ Organization (Pakistan), Census (1975). Population Census of Pakistan, 1972: Hazara. Manager of Publications.
  9. ^ "Language in India". www.languageinindia.com. Retrieved 2024-05-07.
  10. ^ "Language in India". www.languageinindia.com. Retrieved 2024-05-07.
  11. ^ "Gujari | Ethnologue Free". Ethnologue (Free All). Retrieved 2024-05-07.
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