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2024 United States Senate elections

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For related races, see 2024 United States elections.

2024 United States Senate elections
← 2022 November 5, 2024 2026 →
34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate
51[a] seats needed for a majority
 
Leader Chuck Schumer Mitch McConnell
(retiring as leader)
Party Democratic Republican
Leader since January 3, 2017 January 3, 2007
Leader's seat New York Kentucky
Current seats 47[b] 49
Seats needed Steady Increase 2 (or 1 + VP)[c]
Seats up 19 11
 
Party Independent
Current seats 4[b]
Seats up 4
2024 United States Senate elections in California2024 United States Senate special election in Nebraska2024 United States Senate election in Arizona2024 United States Senate elections in California2024 United States Senate election in Connecticut2024 United States Senate election in Delaware2024 United States Senate election in Florida2024 United States Senate election in Hawaii2024 United States Senate election in Indiana2024 United States Senate election in Maine2024 United States Senate election in Maryland2024 United States Senate election in Massachusetts2024 United States Senate election in Michigan2024 United States Senate election in Minnesota2024 United States Senate election in Mississippi2024 United States Senate election in Missouri2024 United States Senate election in Montana2024 United States Senate election in Nebraska2024 United States Senate election in Nevada2024 United States Senate election in New Jersey2024 United States Senate election in New Mexico2024 United States Senate election in New York2024 United States Senate election in North Dakota2024 United States Senate election in Ohio2024 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania2024 United States Senate election in Rhode Island2024 United States Senate election in Tennessee2024 United States Senate election in Texas2024 United States Senate election in Utah2024 United States Senate election in Vermont2024 United States Senate election in Virginia2024 United States Senate election in Washington2024 United States Senate election in West Virginia2024 United States Senate election in Wisconsin2024 United States Senate election in Wyoming
Map of the incumbents:
     Democratic incumbent running      Democratic incumbent retiring
     Republican incumbent running      Republican incumbent retiring
     Independent incumbent running      Independent incumbent retiring
     No election
Rectangular inset (Nebraska): both seats up for election
Incumbent Majority Leader

Chuck Schumer
Democratic



The 2024 United States Senate elections are scheduled to be held on November 5, 2024, as part of the 2024 United States elections. 33 of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate will be contested in regular elections.[3] Senators are divided into three classes whose six-year terms are staggered so that a different class is elected every two years.[4] Class 1 senators will face election in 2024.[5]

As of December 2024, 26 senators (15 Democrats, nine Republicans, and two independents) are seeking reelection in 2024.[6] Two Republicans (Mike Braun of Indiana and Mitt Romney of Utah), three Democrats (Ben Cardin of Maryland, Tom Carper of Delaware, and Debbie Stabenow of Michigan), and two independents (Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona and Joe Manchin of West Virginia) are not seeking reelection.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Laphonza Butler of California, a Democrat who was appointed to her current seat in 2023, is not seeking election in 2024.[14]

Two special Senate elections will take place concurrently with the 2024 regular Senate elections: one in California, to fill the final two months of Senator Dianne Feinstein's term following her death in September 2023, and one in Nebraska, to fill the remaining two years of Ben Sasse's term following his resignation in January 2023.[15][12][16]

Elections analysts consider the map for these Senate elections to be highly unfavorable to Democrats. Democrats will be defending 23 of the 33 Class 1 seats.[17] Three seats being defended by Democrats are in states won by Republican Donald Trump in both 2016 and 2020, while there are no seats in this class held by Republicans in states won by Democrat Joe Biden in 2020. In the previous two Senate election cycles that coincided with presidential elections (2016 and 2020), only one senator (Susan Collins in 2020) was elected in a state that was simultaneously won by the presidential nominee of the opposite party.[18]

Partisan composition

All 33 Class 1 Senate seats, and one Class 2 seat are up for election in 2024; Class 1 currently consists of 20 Democrats, 4 independents who caucus with the Senate Democrats (before the end of the 117th Congress, Kyrsten Sinema left the Democratic Party and became an independent. She later announced her retirement in March 2024.[19] In May of 2024 Joe Manchin also announced he had left the Democratic party and registered as an independent citing "broken politics" as the deciding factor of his decision.[20]), and 10 Republicans. If another vacancy occurs in other Class 2 or Class 3 Senate seats, that state might require a special election to take place during the 118th Congress, possibly concurrently with the other 2024 Senate elections.[citation needed]

Change in composition

Each block represents one of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate. "D#" is a Democratic/active senator, "I#" is an Independent senator, and "R#" is a Republican/active senator. They are arranged so that the parties are separated, and a majority is clear by crossing the middle.

Before the elections

Each block indicates an incumbent senator's actions going into the election.

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29
Calif.
Retiring 		D30
Conn.
Running
D40
N.M.
Running 		D39
N.J.
Running[d] 		D38
Nev.
Running 		D37
Mont.
Running 		D36
Minn.
Running 		D35
Mich.
Retiring 		D34
Mass.
Running 		D33
Md.
Retiring 		D32
Hawaii
Running 		D31
Del.
Retiring
D41
N.Y.
Running 		D42
Ohio
Running 		D43
Pa.
Running 		D44
R.I.
Running 		D45
Va.
Running 		D46
Wash.
Running 		D47
Wis.
Running 		I1
Ariz.
Retiring 		I2
Maine
Running 		I3
Vt.
Running
Majority (with Independents) ↑
R41
Miss.
Running 		R42
Mo.
Running 		R43
Neb. (reg)
Running 		R44
Neb. (sp)
Running 		R45
N.D.
Running 		R46
Tenn.
Running 		R47
Texas
Running 		R48
Utah
Retiring 		R49
Wyo.
Running 		I4
W.Va.
Retiring
R40
Ind.
Retiring 		R39
Fla.
Running 		R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31
R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10

After the elections

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 Ariz.
TBD 		Calif.
TBD
Minn.
TBD 		Mich.
TBD 		Mass.
TBD 		Md.
TBD 		Maine
TBD 		Ind.
TBD 		Hawaii
TBD 		Fla.
TBD 		Del.
TBD 		Conn.
TBD
Mont.
TBD 		Miss.
TBD 		Mo.
TBD 		N.D.
TBD 		Neb. (reg)
TBD 		Neb. (sp)
TBD 		Nev.
TBD 		N.J.
TBD 		N.M.
TBD 		N.Y.
TBD
Majority TBD →
W.Va.
TBD 		Wash.
TBD 		Va.
TBD 		Vt.
TBD 		Utah
TBD 		Texas
TBD 		Tenn.
TBD 		R.I.
TBD 		Pa.
TBD 		Ohio
TBD
Wis.
TBD 		Wyo.
TBD 		R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31
R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10
Key
D# Democratic
R# Republican
I# Independent, caucusing with Democrats

Predictions

Pie Chart showing expected seat outcomes based on the large table below.
List
  •   Democratic Party
  •   Republican Party
  •   Tossup
Map showing average forecast from the large table below. The list below shows the expected advantage.
  •   Democratic Party Safe
  •   Democratic Party Likely
  •   Democratic Party Lean
  •   Democratic Party Tilt
  •   Independent Safe
  •   Tossup
  •   Republican Party Safe
  •   Republican Party Likely
  •   Republican Party Lean

Several sites and individuals published predictions of competitive seats. These predictions looked at factors such as the strength of the incumbent (if the incumbent was running for reelection) and the other candidates, and the state's partisan lean (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assigned ratings to each seat, indicating the predicted advantage that a party had in winning that seat. Most election predictors used:

  • "tossup": no advantage
  • "tilt" (used by some predictors): advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
  • "lean" or "leans": slight advantage
  • "likely": significant, but surmountable, advantage
  • "safe" or "solid": near-certain chance of victory
Constituency Incumbent Ratings
State PVI[21] Senator Last
election[e] 		Cook
July 11,
2024[22] 		IE
May 9,
2024[23] 		Sabato
June 13,
2024[24] 		RCP
July 10,
2024[25] 		CNalysis
July 14,
2024[26] 		DDHQ/The Hill
July 18,
2024[27]
Arizona R+2 Kyrsten Sinema
(retiring) 		50.0% D[f] Lean D (flip) Tilt D (flip) Lean D (flip) Tossup Tossup Tossup
California[g] D+13 Laphonza Butler
(retiring) 		Appointed
(2023)[h] 		Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D Safe D
Connecticut D+7 Chris Murphy 59.5% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D Safe D
Delaware D+7 Tom Carper
(retiring) 		60.0% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D Safe D
Florida R+3 Rick Scott 50.1% R Likely R Solid R Likely R Lean R Very Likely R Likely R
Hawaii D+14 Mazie Hirono 71.2% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D Safe D
Indiana R+11 Mike Braun
(retiring) 		50.7% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R Safe R
Maine D+2 Angus King 54.3% I Safe I Safe I Likely I Solid I Solid I Likely I
Maryland D+14 Ben Cardin
(retiring) 		64.9% D Likely D Likely D Likely D Lean D Solid D Safe D
Massachusetts D+15 Elizabeth Warren 60.3% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D Safe D
Michigan R+1 Debbie Stabenow
(retiring) 		52.3% D Tossup Tilt D Lean D Tossup Lean D Tossup
Minnesota D+1 Amy Klobuchar 60.3% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Likely D Solid D Likely D
Mississippi R+11 Roger Wicker 58.5% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R Safe R
Missouri R+10 Josh Hawley 51.4% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Likely R Solid R Safe R
Montana R+11 Jon Tester 50.3% D Tossup Tossup Tossup Tossup Tilt R (flip) Lean R (flip)
Nebraska
(regular) 		R+13 Deb Fischer 57.7% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R Safe R
Nebraska
(special) 		R+13 Pete Ricketts Appointed
(2023)[i] 		Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R Safe R
Nevada R+1 Jacky Rosen 50.4% D Tossup Tilt D Lean D Tossup Tilt D Lean D
New Jersey D+6 Bob Menendez
(running as independent) 		54.0% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Likely D Solid D Likely D
New Mexico D+3 Martin Heinrich 54.1% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Lean D Solid D Likely D
New York D+10 Kirsten Gillibrand 67.0% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D Safe D
North Dakota R+20 Kevin Cramer 55.1% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R Safe R
Ohio R+6 Sherrod Brown 53.4% D Tossup Tossup Tossup Tossup Tossup Tossup
Pennsylvania R+2 Bob Casey Jr. 55.7% D Lean D Tilt D Lean D Tossup Likely D Likely D
Rhode Island D+8 Sheldon Whitehouse 61.4% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D Safe D
Tennessee R+14 Marsha Blackburn 54.7% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R Safe R
Texas R+5 Ted Cruz 50.9% R Likely R Likely R Likely R Lean R Lean R Likely R
Utah R+13 Mitt Romney
(retiring) 		62.6% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R Safe R
Vermont D+16 Bernie Sanders 67.4% I Safe I Safe I Safe I Solid I Solid I Safe I
Virginia D+3 Tim Kaine 57.0% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Likely D Solid D Likely D
Washington D+8 Maria Cantwell 58.3% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D Safe D
West Virginia R+22 Joe Manchin
(retiring) 		49.6% D Solid R (flip) Solid R (flip) Safe R (flip) Solid R (flip) Solid R (flip) Safe R (flip)
Wisconsin R+2 Tammy Baldwin 55.4% D Lean D Lean D Lean D Tossup Lean D Lean D
Wyoming R+25 John Barrasso 67.0% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R Safe R
Overall[j] D/I - 46
R - 50
4 tossups 		D/I - 48
R - 50
2 tossups 		D/I - 48
R - 50
2 tossups 		D/I - 43
R - 50
7 tossups 		D/I - 47
R - 51
2 tossups 		D/I - 46
R - 51
3 tossups

Retirements

As of December 2024, eight senators have announced plans to retire. Dianne Feinstein of California announced her intent to retire at the end of her term, but she died in office on September 29, 2023. Laphonza Butler, who was appointed by California governor Gavin Newsom to continue Feinstein's term, announced on October 19 that she will not run for a full term nor to finish the final two months of Feinstein's term.

State Senator Ref
Arizona Kyrsten Sinema [13]
California Laphonza Butler [14]
Delaware Tom Carper [9]
Indiana Mike Braun [7]
Maryland Ben Cardin [8]
Michigan Debbie Stabenow [12]
Utah Mitt Romney [10]
West Virginia Joe Manchin [11]

Race summary

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In each special election, the winner's term begins immediately after their election is certified by their state's government.

Elections are sorted by date then state.

State
(linked to
summaries below) 		Incumbent Status Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
California
(Class 1) 		Laphonza Butler Democratic 2023 (appointed) Interim appointee retiring[14]
Nebraska
(Class 2) 		Pete Ricketts Republican 2023 (appointed) Interim appointee nominated

Elections leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winners will be elected for the term beginning January 3, 2025.

State
(linked to
summaries below) 		Incumbent Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history Last race Result
Arizona Kyrsten Sinema Independent 2018[f] 50.0% D Incumbent retiring[13]
California Laphonza Butler Democratic 2023 (appointed) 54.2% D[h] Interim appointee retiring[14]
Connecticut Chris Murphy Democratic 2012
2018 		59.5% D Incumbent running
Delaware Tom Carper Democratic 2000
2006
2012
2018 		60.0% D Incumbent retiring[9]
Florida Rick Scott Republican 2018 50.1% R Incumbent running
Hawaii Mazie Hirono Democratic 2012
2018 		71.2% D Incumbent running
Indiana Mike Braun Republican 2018 50.7% R Incumbent retiring to
run for governor[7]
Maine Angus King Independent 2012
2018 		54.3% I Incumbent renominated
Maryland Ben Cardin Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		64.9% D Incumbent retiring[8]
Massachusetts Elizabeth Warren Democratic 2012
2018 		60.3% D Incumbent running
Michigan Debbie Stabenow Democratic 2000
2006
2012
2018 		52.3% D Incumbent retiring[12]
Minnesota Amy Klobuchar DFL 2006
2012
2018 		60.3% DFL Incumbent running
Mississippi Roger Wicker Republican 2007 (appointed)
2008 (special)
2012
2018 		58.5% R Incumbent renominated
Missouri Josh Hawley Republican 2018 51.4% R Incumbent renominated
Montana Jon Tester Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		50.3% D Incumbent renominated
Nebraska Deb Fischer Republican 2012
2018 		57.7% R Incumbent renominated
Nevada Jacky Rosen Democratic 2018 50.4% D Incumbent renominated
  • ▌Sam Brown (Republican)[50]
  • ▌Christopher Cunningham (Libertarian)[50]
  • ▌Joseph Destin (Independent)[50]
  • ▌Janine Hansen (Independent American)[50]
  • ▌Chris Mazlo (Independent)[50]
  • ▌Allen Rheinhart (Independent)[50]
  • ▌Jacky Rosen (Democratic)[50]
  • ▌Edmund Uehling (Independent)[50]
New Jersey Bob Menendez Democratic 2006 (appointed)
2006
2012
2018 		54.0% D Incumbent running
as an independent
New Mexico Martin Heinrich Democratic 2012
2018 		54.1% D Incumbent renominated
New York Kirsten Gillibrand Democratic 2009 (appointed)
2010 (special)
2012
2018 		67.0% D Incumbent renominated
North Dakota Kevin Cramer Republican 2018 55.1% R Incumbent renominated
Ohio Sherrod Brown Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		53.4% D Incumbent renominated
Pennsylvania Bob Casey Jr. Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		55.7% D Incumbent renominated
Rhode Island Sheldon Whitehouse Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		61.4% D Incumbent running
Tennessee Marsha Blackburn Republican 2018 54.7% R Incumbent renominated
Texas Ted Cruz Republican 2012
2018 		50.9% R Incumbent renominated
Utah Mitt Romney Republican 2018 62.6% R Incumbent retiring[10]
Vermont Bernie Sanders Independent 2006
2012
2018 		67.4% I Incumbent running
Virginia Tim Kaine Democratic 2012
2018 		57.0% D Incumbent renominated
Washington Maria Cantwell Democratic 2000
2006
2012
2018 		58.3% D Incumbent running
  • ▌Thor Amundson (Independent)[67]
  • ▌Maria Cantwell (Democratic)[67]
  • ▌Henry Clay Dennison (Socialist Workers)[67]
  • ▌Raul Garcia (Republican)[67]
  • ▌Paul Giesick (Democratic)[67]
  • ▌Goodspaceguy (Republican)[67]
  • ▌Isaac Holyk (Republican)[67]
  • ▌Chuck Jackson (Independent)[67]
  • ▌Scott Nazarino (Republican)[67]
  • ▌Mel Ram (Republican)[67]
  • ▌David Tilton (Independent)[67]
West Virginia Joe Manchin Independent 2010 (special)[k]
2012
2018 		49.6% D Incumbent retiring[11]
Wisconsin Tammy Baldwin Democratic 2012
2018 		55.4% D Incumbent running
Wyoming John Barrasso Republican 2007 (appointed)
2008 (special)
2012
2018 		67.0% R Incumbent running

Arizona

Arizona election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Ruben Gallego Kari Lake
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Kyrsten Sinema
Independent



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Arizona
See also: List of United States senators from Arizona and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona

One-term independent Kyrsten Sinema was narrowly elected in 2018 as a Democrat with 50.0% of the vote. She left the Democratic Party in December 2022.[71] Sinema announced on March 5, 2024, that she would not run for reelection.[72]

Prior to her retirement announcement, Sinema was considered vulnerable to challengers from the Democratic Party due to her opposition to some of President Joe Biden's agenda,[73] and U.S. representative Ruben Gallego launched an early bid for the Democratic nomination.[74][75]

Among Republicans, Pinal County sheriff Mark Lamb and 2022 gubernatorial nominee Kari Lake have announced their candidacies.[76][77]

California

California election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Candidate Adam Schiff Steve Garvey
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Laphonza Butler[l]
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate elections in California
See also: List of United States senators from California and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in California

Five-term Democrat Dianne Feinstein was reelected in 2018 with 54.2% of the vote against another Democrat. On February 14, 2023, Feinstein announced that she would not seek reelection to a sixth term.[78] However, she died on September 29, 2023, leaving the seat vacant. Democrat Laphonza Butler, president of EMILY's List, was appointed by California Governor Gavin Newsom to succeed Feinstein on October 2, 2023.[79] Butler is not running for election to a full term, or for the final two months of the current term.[14]

There were three major Democratic candidates for the seat — U.S. representatives Barbara Lee, Katie Porter, and Adam Schiff — along with former professional baseball player Steve Garvey running as a Republican.[80][81][82][83][84] Schiff was viewed as representing the establishment wing of the Democratic Party, while Porter and Lee represent the progressive wing.[85]

Adam Schiff and Steve Garvey won the non-partisan primary election which took place on March 5, 2024, during Super Tuesday, setting up a general election campaign between the two.[85]

Due to California's election rules, similar to the previous election for the other seat, there will be two ballot items for the same seat: a general election, to elect a Class 1 senator to a full term beginning with the 119th United States Congress, to be sworn in on January 3, 2025; and a special election to fill that seat for the final weeks of the 118th Congress.

Connecticut

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Connecticut
See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut

Two-term Democrat Chris Murphy was reelected in 2018 with 59.5% of the vote. He has announced he is running for a third term.[86] Beacon Falls First Selectman Gerry Smith announced his campaign in early February 2024.[34] Lobbyist Robert F. Hyde is also a Republican candidate.[87]

Delaware

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Delaware
See also: List of United States senators from Delaware and 2024 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware

Four-term Democrat Tom Carper was reelected in 2018 with 60.0% of the vote. He announced on May 22, 2023, that he will be retiring, and will not run for a fifth term.[88]

Delaware's at-large U.S. representative Lisa Blunt Rochester is running for the Democratic nomination to succeed Carper, who endorsed her when he announced his retirement.[89][90]

Term-limited governor John Carney was also considered a possible Democratic candidate.[88][91] Carney announced that he is running for mayor of Wilmington.[92]

Among Republicans, businessman Eric Hansen has announced his candidacy.[93]

Florida

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Florida
See also: List of United States senators from Florida and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida

Former governor and incumbent one-term Republican Rick Scott was narrowly elected in 2018 with 50.06% of the vote. He is running for reelection to a second term.[94] Brevard County assistant district attorney Keith Gross and actor John Columbus are challenging Scott for the Republican nomination.[95][96]

Former U.S. Representative Debbie Mucarsel-Powell is running for the Democratic nomination to challenge Scott.[97]

Hawaii

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Hawaii
See also: List of United States senators from Hawaii and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii

Two-term Democrat Mazie Hirono was reelected in 2018 with 71.2% of the vote. Hirono is running for a third term.[32]

Indiana

Indiana election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Jim Banks Valerie McCray
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Mike Braun
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Indiana
See also: List of United States senators from Indiana and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana

One-term Republican Mike Braun was elected in 2018 with 50.8% of the vote. Braun is retiring to prepare to run for governor of Indiana.[7] U.S. representative Jim Banks is running unopposed after his only competition, businessman John Rust, was disqualified.[98]

Psychologist Valerie McCray defeated former state Representative Marc Carmichael for the Democratic nomination.[99]

Maine

Maine election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Angus King Demitroula Kouzounas David Costello
Party Independent Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Angus King
Independent



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Maine
See also: List of United States senators from Maine and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Maine

Two-term Independent incumbent Angus King was reelected in 2018 with 54.3% of the vote in a three-candidate election. He intends to run for a third term despite previously hinting that he may retire.[100]

Democratic consultant David Costello and former Maine Republican Party chair Demitroula Kouzounas each won their respective party primaries unopposed.[101] They will both face King in the general election in November.

Maryland

Maryland election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Angela Alsobrooks Larry Hogan
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Ben Cardin
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Maryland
See also: List of United States senators from Maryland and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland

Three-term Democrat Ben Cardin was reelected in 2018 with 64.9% of the vote. On May 1, 2023, Cardin announced he is not running for reelection.[102]

Prince George's County executive Angela Alsobrooks defeated U.S. Representative David Trone for the Democratic nomination after a contentious primary, where Trone spent heavily from his personal wealth while Alsobrooks had the support of most elected Democrats.[103]

Former Governor Larry Hogan easily defeated conservative former state Delegate Robin Ficker for the Republican nomination.[104] A popular moderate known for his political independence, Hogan had previously declined to run,[105] but unexpectedly filed to run hours before the candidate filing deadline.[41]

Massachusetts

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Massachusetts
See also: List of United States senators from Massachusetts and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts

Two-term Democrat Elizabeth Warren was reelected in 2018 with 60.3% of the vote. On March 27, 2023, Warren announced that she is running for reelection.[106]

Software company owner Robert Antonellis is running as a Republican.[107] Former lieutenant governor Karyn Polito is seen as a potential candidate for the Republican nomination.[108]

Michigan

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Michigan
See also: List of United States senators from Michigan and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan

Four-term Democrat Debbie Stabenow was reelected in 2018 with 52.3% of the vote. She announced on January 5, 2023, that she will retire, and will not run for a fifth term.[12]

The primary will take place on August 6, 2024. Representative Elissa Slotkin,[109] and state representative Leslie Love[110] have announced their candidacies for the Democratic nomination. Businessman and 2006 Republican candidate for this seat Nasser Beydoun has also declared his candidacy as a Democrat.[111] Actor Hill Harper announced his campaign for the Democratic nomination in July 2023.[112]

Former U.S. representatives Mike Rogers, Justin Amash, and hedge fund manager Sandy Pensler[113] are running for the Republican nomination.[114][115][116][117]

Representative John James, the Republican nominee for this seat in 2018 and for Michigan's other Senate seat in 2020, declined to run.[118]

Minnesota

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Minnesota
See also: List of United States senators from Minnesota and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota

Three-term Democrat Amy Klobuchar was reelected in 2018 with 60.3% of the vote. She is running for a fourth term.[32]

Among Republicans, former NBA basketball player Royce White and, banker and retired U.S. Navy commander, Joe Fraser, have declared their candidacies.[119][120]

Third party candidates consist of guardianship advocate and Republican candidate for governor in 2022, Independence-Alliance Party candidate, Joyce Lacy.[121]

Mississippi

Mississippi election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Roger Wicker Ty Pinkins
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Roger Wicker
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Mississippi
See also: List of United States senators from Mississippi and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Mississippi

Two-term Republican Roger Wicker was reelected in 2018 with 58.5% of the vote. Wicker is running for a third full term. He faced a primary challenge from conservative state representative Dan Eubanks and won by a comfortable margin.[122] Wicker will face Democratic lawyer Ty Pinkins in the general election.[123]

Missouri

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Missouri
See also: List of United States senators from Missouri and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri

One-term Republican Josh Hawley was elected in 2018 with 51.4% of the vote. He is running for reelection.[124]

Marine Veteran Lucas Kunce, who ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination in 2022, has announced he is running again. State Senator Karla May[125] and December Harmon, a member of the Columbia Police Review Board,[126] have also announced their campaigns for the Democratic nomination.

Montana

Montana election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Jon Tester Tim Sheehy
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Jon Tester
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Montana
See also: List of United States senators from Montana and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Montana

Three-term Democrat Jon Tester was narrowly reelected in 2018 with 50.3% of the vote. On February 22, 2023, he announced he is running for a fourth term. Tester is one of two Democratic senators running for reelection who represent states won by Republican Donald Trump in both the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections.[127]

Businessman and former Navy Seal Tim Sheehy is running for the Republican nomination.[128] U.S. representative Matt Rosendale, also a Republican, announced his candidacy on February 9, 2024,[129] but withdrew his candidacy on February 16, 2024.[130]

Nebraska

See also: List of United States senators from Nebraska and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Nebraska

There will be two elections in Nebraska, due to the resignation of Ben Sasse.

Nebraska (regular)

Nebraska general election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Deb Fischer Dan Osborn
Party Republican Independent
Incumbent U.S. senator

Deb Fischer
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Nebraska

Two-term Republican Deb Fischer was reelected in 2018 with 57.7% of the vote. On May 14, 2021, Fischer announced she is seeking reelection, despite previously declaring an intention to retire.[131]

Dan Osborn, a union leader and steamfitter, is running as an independent. Since no Democrats have filed, the state party is considering supporting him.[132]

Nebraska (special)

Nebraska special election
← 2020
2026 →
 
Nominee Pete Ricketts Preston Love Jr.
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Pete Ricketts
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate special election in Nebraska

Two-term Republican Ben Sasse resigned his seat on January 8, 2023, to become president of the University of Florida.[133][15] Former Governor and 2006 Senate nominee Pete Ricketts was appointed by Governor Jim Pillen and a special election for the seat will take place concurrently with the 2024 regular Senate elections. Ricketts and Air Force veteran John Glen Weaver have declared their candidacies for the Republican nomination.[134] Former University of Nebraska Omaha professor Preston Love Jr. is running as a Democrat.[135]

Nevada

Nevada election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Jacky Rosen Sam Brown
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Jacky Rosen
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Nevada
See also: List of United States senators from Nevada and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Nevada

One-term Democrat Jacky Rosen was elected in 2018 with 50.4% of the vote. Rosen is running for a second term.[32]

Veteran and 2022 Senate candidate Sam Brown was declared the Republican nominee after winning the June 11 primary.[136] Brown easily won against former ambassador to Iceland Jeffrey Ross Gunter and former state assemblyman Jim Marchant, among others.

New Jersey

New Jersey election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Bob Menendez Andy Kim Curtis Bashaw
Party Menendez for Senate[m] Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

TBD


Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in New Jersey
See also: List of United States senators from New Jersey and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey

Democrat Bob Menendez was reelected in 2018 with 54.0% of the vote. On July 13, 2021, The New Jersey Globe reported that Menendez planned to run for a fourth full term.[138][139] On September 22, 2023, Menendez was indicted on federal bribery charges.[140] On March 14, 2024, a week after his planned retirement, Menendez reversed his decision considering to run for re-election as an Independent candidate.[141] Numerous national and New Jersey Democrats, including New Jersey Governor Phil Murphy, called on Menendez to resign the same day,[142] including Congressman Andy Kim, who is running for the Democratic nomination.[143]

Financier and current First Lady of New Jersey Tammy Murphy also ran for the Democratic nomination but ended her campaign in March 2024.[144]

Mendham Mayor Christine Serrano Glassner[145] and real estate developer Curtis Bashaw[146] ran for the Republican nomination.[147] On June 4, 2024, Bashaw won the Republican primary in an upset.[148]

New Mexico

New Mexico election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Martin Heinrich Nella Domenici
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Martin Heinrich
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in New Mexico
See also: List of United States senators from New Mexico and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico

Two-term Democrat Martin Heinrich was reelected in 2018 with 54.1% of the vote in a three-candidate race. He is running for a third term.[149] Hedge fund executive Nella Domenici, whose father Pete served in the U.S. Senate from 1973 to 2009, announced her candidacy for the Republican nomination on January 17, 2024.[150]

New York

New York election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Kirsten Gillibrand Mike Sapraicone
Party Democratic Republican
Alliance Working Families Conservative
Incumbent U.S. senator

Kirsten Gillibrand
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in New York
See also: List of United States senators from New York and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in New York

Two-term Democrat Kirsten Gillibrand was reelected in 2018 with 67.0% of the vote. She is running for a third full term.[151]

Former New York City Police Detective Mike Sapraicone has declared his candidacy as a Republican.[152]

North Dakota

North Dakota election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Kevin Cramer Katrina Christiansen
Party Republican Democratic–NPL
Incumbent U.S. senator

Kevin Cramer
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in North Dakota
See also: List of United States senators from North Dakota and 2024 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota

One-term Republican Kevin Cramer was elected in 2018 with 55.1% of the vote. Cramer, as of now, is running for re-election.[153]

Democrat Katrina Christiansen, an engineering professor from the University of Jamestown and candidate for the Senate in 2022 is her party's nominee.[55]

Ohio

Ohio election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Sherrod Brown Bernie Moreno
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Sherrod Brown
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Ohio
See also: List of United States senators from Ohio and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio

Three-term Democrat Sherrod Brown was reelected in 2018 with 53.4% of the vote. Brown is running for a fourth term. He is also one of two Democratic senators running for reelection who represent states won by Republican Donald Trump in both the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections.[154]

The Republican nominee is businessman Bernie Moreno, who defeated state senator Matt Dolan and secretary of state Frank LaRose in the primary election.[155]

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Bob Casey Jr. David McCormick
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Bob Casey Jr.
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
See also: List of United States senators from Pennsylvania and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania

Three-term Democrat Bob Casey Jr., was reelected in 2018 with 55.7% of the vote. Casey is running for a fourth term.[156] He is being challenged by engineer Blaine Forkner.[157]

2022 Senate candidate David McCormick is running for the Republican nomination.[158][159][160][161][162][163] On September 30, 2023, the Pennsylvania Republican Party endorsed McCormick.[164] Conestoga Township treasurer Brandi Tomasetti is also running for the nomination.[165]

Rhode Island

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Rhode Island
See also: List of United States senators from Rhode Island and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island

Three-term Democrat Sheldon Whitehouse was reelected in 2018 with 61.4% of the vote. He is running for a fourth term. Republicans who have announced their candidacies include state Representative Patricia Morgan[166] and IT professional Raymond McKay.[59]

Tennessee

Tennessee election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Marsha Blackburn Gloria Johnson
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Marsha Blackburn
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Tennessee
See also: List of United States senators from Tennessee and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee

One-term Republican Marsha Blackburn was elected in 2018 with 54.7% of the vote. Blackburn has filed paperwork to run for reelection. Democratic state Representative Gloria Johnson, who avoided expulsion by one vote in April 2023, announced her candidacy in September.[167]

Texas

Texas election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Ted Cruz Colin Allred
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Ted Cruz
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Texas
See also: List of United States senators from Texas and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas

Two-term Republican Ted Cruz was narrowly reelected in 2018 with 50.9% of the vote. Cruz is running for a third term.[168]

The Democratic nominee is U.S. representative Colin Allred, who defeated state senator Roland Gutierrez and state representative Carl Sherman in the primary election.[169][170]

Utah

Utah election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee John Curtis Caroline Gleich
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Mitt Romney
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Utah
See also: List of United States senators from Utah and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Utah

One-term Republican Mitt Romney was elected in 2018 with 62.6% of the vote. On September 13, 2023, Romney announced he would not seek reelection in 2024.[171]

The Republican nominee is U.S. representative John Curtis,[172] who defeated Riverton Mayor Trent Staggs,[173] and state House Speaker Brad Wilson,[174] in the primary election.

The Democratic nominee is professional skier Caroline Gleich.[175]

Vermont

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Vermont
See also: List of United States senators from Vermont and 2024 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont

Three-term independent Bernie Sanders was re-elected in 2018 with 67.4% of the vote. He is being challenged by artist Cris Ericson, an independent perennial candidate.[176]

Virginia

Virginia election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Tim Kaine Hung Cao
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Tim Kaine
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Virginia
See also: List of United States senators from Virginia and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia

Two-term Democrat Tim Kaine was reelected in 2018 with 57.0% of the vote. On January 20, 2023, he confirmed he is running for reelection to a third term.[177] Governor Glenn Youngkin, who will be term-limited in 2025, was considered a possible Republican candidate.[178]

On July 18, 2023, Navy veteran Hung Cao announced he would run as a Republican. Cao unsuccessfully ran for the U.S. House of Representatives against Democrat Jennifer Wexton in 2022.[179]

Washington

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Washington
See also: List of United States senators from Washington and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Washington

Four-term Democrat Maria Cantwell was reelected in 2018 with 58.3% of the vote.

Emergency room physician Raul Garcia announced that he would run as a Republican.[180]

West Virginia

West Virginia election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Glenn Elliott Jim Justice
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Joe Manchin
Independent



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in West Virginia
See also: List of United States senators from West Virginia and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in West Virginia

Independent Joe Manchin, who was elected as a Democrat, was re-elected in 2018 with 49.6% of the vote. On November 9, 2023, Manchin announced he would not seek re-election.[11] Since Manchin announced his retirement, all major outlets have since rated this seat as expected to flip to GOP control, which would put this seat in Republican hands for the first time in 68 years.

Wheeling Mayor Glenn Elliott, who has Manchin's endorsement,[181] defeated community organizer and U.S. Marine Corps veteran Zachary Shrewsbury and former coal executive Don Blankenship in the primary for the Democratic Party nomination.[182]

Governor Jim Justice defeated U.S. Representative Alex Mooney[183] in the Republican primary.

Wisconsin

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Wisconsin
See also: List of United States senators from Wisconsin and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin

Two-term Democrat Tammy Baldwin was reelected in 2018 with 55.4% of the vote. She is running for reelection.[69] Hedge fund manager Eric Hovde, candidate for the Senate in 2012, announced a second attempt at the Republican nomination. Former Milwaukee County sheriff David Clarke[184] was seen as a potential Republican challenger to Hovde's bid but never ended up beginning a campaign for senate.[185][186]

Wyoming

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Wyoming
See also: List of United States senators from Wyoming and 2024 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming

Republican John Barrasso was reelected in 2018 with 67.0% of the vote. On April 19, 2024, Barrasso announced he would run for reelection.[187] Former Postal Union President Scott Morrow is the Democratic nominee.[188]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Majority control in an evenly divided Senate is determined by the Vice President of the United States, who has the power to break tied votes in their constitutional capacity as President of the Senate; accordingly, Senate control requires 51 seats without control of the vice presidency or 50 seats with control of the vice presidency.
  2. ^ a b All four independent senators (Bernie Sanders of Vermont, Angus King of Maine, Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona, and Joe Manchin of West Virginia), caucus with the Senate Democrats.[1][2]
  3. ^ The U.S. vice president, who will be determined in 2024, breaks ties in a 50–50 Senate. Republicans need 50 seats if they win the vice presidency or 51 if they do not.
  4. ^ a b Despite filing to run as an independent candidate for Senate, Menendez is still a registered Democrat.
  5. ^ The last elections for this group of senators were in 2018, except for those elected in a special election or who were appointed after the resignation or death of a sitting senator, as noted.
  6. ^ a b Sinema was elected as a Democrat and switched to being an independent in December 2022.
  7. ^ In both the regular election and the special election.
  8. ^ a b Democrat Dianne Feinstein won with 54.2% of the vote in 2018 against a fellow Democrat, but died in office on September 29, 2023.
  9. ^ Republican Ben Sasse won with 62.7% of the vote in 2020, but resigned January 8, 2023, to become president of the University of Florida.
  10. ^ Democratic total includes Independents who caucus with the Democrats.
  11. ^ Manchin was originally elected as a Democrat. He became an independent in May 2024.
  12. ^ In October 2023, Butler was appointed by Governor Gavin Newsom to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Senator Dianne Feinstein.
  13. ^ New Jersey allows independent political candidates to place partisan labels other than that of an officially recognized party next to their name on the ballot.[137]

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