Brassica rupestris
| Brassica rupestris | |
|---|---|
| |
| Flowers and leaves | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Brassicales |
| Family: | Brassicaceae |
| Genus: | Brassica |
| Species: | B. rupestris
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| Binomial name | |
| Brassica rupestris | |
Brassica rupestris is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to southwestern Italy and Sicily.[1] The plant is known to grow on vertical limestone cliffs.[2] In the past it was proposed, based on morphology, that Brassica rupestris contributed to the ancestry of either kale or kohlrabi, but DNA evidence shows that it did not.[3]
Taxonomy
[edit]Brassica rupestris was described and named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1810.[1] In 1997 Francesco Raimondo and Pietro Mazzola erected a subspecies, Brassica rupestris subsp. hispida, based on very slight differences including leaf hairiness and silique size, which is not supported by molecular studies.[2] In 2020 subspecies monilicarpa[4] and tardarae were named.[5]
Subspecies
[edit]The following subspecies are currently accepted:[1]
- Brassica rupestris subsp. hispida Raimondo & Mazzola – Sicily
- Brassica rupestris subsp. monilicarpa Raimondo & Spadaro – southern Italy
- Brassica rupestris subsp. rupestris – southwestern Italy, Sicily
- Brassica rupestris subsp. tardarae (Ilardi, Geraci & Troìa) Raimondo – southern Sicily
Chemistry
[edit]There were a number of substances of note found in the roots and shoots of B. rupestris. These were tartaric acid ester, reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, glucobrassicin, and glucoraphanin.[6]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Brassica rupestris subsp. rupestris is found in mountainous areas of Calabria and Sicily, and has been reassessed as Least Concern, while B. rupestris subsp. hispida is found in a number of stations in Sicily and has been reassessed as Vulnerable.[2] Both subspecies typically live on near-vertical limestone cliffs, with B. rupestris subsp. rupestris found from 0 to 1,100 m (0 to 3,600 ft) above sea level, and B. rupestris subsp. hispida found from 800 to 1,300 m (2,600 to 4,300 ft).[2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Brassica rupestris Raf". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 September 2024.
- ^ a b c d Perrino, Enrico Vito; Wagensommer, Robert Philipp (2022). "Crop Wild Relatives (CWRS) Threatened and Endemic to Italy: Urgent Actions for Protection and Use". Biology. 11 (2): 193. doi:10.3390/biology11020193. PMC 8869772. PMID 35205060.
- ^ Mabry, Makenzie E.; Turner-Hissong, Sarah D.; Gallagher, Evan Y.; McAlvay, Alex C.; An, Hong; Edger, Patrick P.; Moore, Jonathan D.; Pink, David A C.; Teakle, Graham R.; Stevens, Chris J.; Barker, Guy; Labate, Joanne; Fuller, Dorian Q.; Allaby, Robin G.; Beissinger, Timothy; Decker, Jared E.; Gore, Michael A.; Pires, J Chris (2021). "The Evolutionary History of Wild, Domesticated, and Feral Brassica oleracea (Brassicaceae)". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 38 (10): 4419–4434. doi:10.1093/molbev/msab183. PMC 8476135. PMID 34157722.
- ^ "Brassica rupestris subsp. monilicarpa Raimondo & Spadaro". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ "Brassica rupestris subsp. tardarae (Ilardi, Geraci & Troìa) Raimondo". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Muscolo, Adele; Sidari, Maria; Settineri, Giovanna; Papalia, Teresa; Mallamaci, Carmelo; Attinà, Emilio (2019). "Influence of Soil Properties on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Brassica rupestris Raf". Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 19 (4): 808–815. doi:10.1007/s42729-019-00080-5. S2CID 201210462.
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