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Car collection of the 29th Sultan of Brunei

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Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah driving his Mercedes-Benz G63 AMG in 2022

The car collection of the 29th Sultan of Brunei is the largest private car collection in the world, consisting of approximately 7,000 cars, which have an estimated combined value over US$5 billion.[1] Within his collection of cars, the Sultan's collection of Ferrari F40s, McLaren F1s, and Rolls-Royce vehicles are particularly notable due to the rarity of the vehicles and their value. Brunei holds the Guinness World Record for the largest private Rolls-Royce collection, with around 150 cars, while the Sultan and his brother, Prince Jefri Bolkiah, are said to own an additional 1,998 luxury vehicles.[2]

Background

The vast automobile collection that is frequently credited to Hassanal Bolkiah, 29th Sultan of Brunei, really belonged to Prince Jefri Bolkiah, his third brother. Up until 1997, Prince Jefri oversaw Brunei's oil and gas earnings through the Brunei Investment Agency (BIA) and his investment company, Amadeo. But oil prices crashed in 1997 amid the Asian financial crisis, and an audit found Prince Jefri had embezzled $14.8 billion, which caused Amadeo to fail under $10 billion in debt. Prince Jefri relinquished a large number of assets, including more than 2,000 automobiles, 500 homes, yachts, planes, and pricey purchases from Asprey, Ferrari, and Rolls-Royce, as part of a 2000 deal with the Bruneian government.[3]

Collections

A few kilometres farther down the shore, within a sizeable property guarded by a tall razor-wire-topped wall and a front gate that can withstand bombs, is where you'll find the vehicle collection. Visitors are required to give up their passports and photos upon arrival, and they must remain with a guide. German Shepherds and armed Gurkhas guard the area. The property is made up of eight two-story structures, each measuring around 250 feet (76 m) in length and 60 feet in width. There are roughly 120 automobiles each level.[4]

The first structure is devoted to Porsches from the 959 to the late 1990s models, and each floor has a different theme. There are black-on-black 1996–1997 Mercedes-Benz 500 automobiles on another floor. Aston Martins, Rolls-Royces, Bentleys, and 1990s Ferraris, among which are many 456s and 550s, as well as experimental XTRAC automatic transmissions are among the vehicles housed in other buildings. A small number of 550s have been fitted with infrared cameras for night driving and coated in matte black finishes that reflect radar, which is rather sophisticated technology for the late 1990s. Rows of right-hand drive TestaRossas (TR), 512 TRs, and 512 Ms are shown on another floor. Coachbuilt Ferraris are housed in a different building and include a one-off F90, five FXs, two Mythos, four 456 four-doors, four 456 Venice Cabriolets, and four 456 Venice station wagons. Serial number 7795 of a right-hand-drive 275 GTS is the unique Ferrari from the Enzo period.[4]

A shop with glass walls that held three McLaren F1s (a 288 GTO Evo, an F50, and an F40 LM) was situated in between the eight enormous buildings. The F40 LM included power windows, air conditioning, red piping, black leather interior, and black exterior trim. The building's air conditioning was turned off, so the automobiles in the showroom, which was extremely hot, effectively functioned as a greenhouse. Under the structure was a windowless theater crammed with rows of exotic cars, including 288 GTOs and right-hand drive F40s.[4]

A corrugated tin roof partially protected the two long, two-story buildings in the back of the property from the sun, but not from the rain. They were spaced apart by about fifty feet. About 300 black 1995–1997 500 Mercedes-Benz SELs and SLs were parked in the shade, many with their windows down, to rot in the severe tropical climate. These unique collector cars, which included several AMG specials with huge engines, wood or carbon fibre-trimmed interiors, and subjected to tropical heat, monsoon winds, and rain, eventually deteriorated. This forgotten assemblage was called "the reef," as it appeared they would be most useful as a man-made reef in the ocean.[5]

A suitable roof provided superior protection for a late-1990s Rolls-Royce convertible that was parked next to the Mercedes-Benz fleet. But the leather wrap was hanging loosely from the steel rim, and the heat had melted the foam cushioning of the steering wheel onto the driver's seat. The inside was so damp and hot that the mold had taken control and turned everything into a fuzzy, grey blanket. A single-story structure adjacent held about sixty distinct automobiles, most of them were brilliant yellow. Twelve late-model Lamborghinis, such as the Countach[6] and Diablo SE30,[7][8] and four-wheel-drive Bentley station wagons, such as the Turbo R Val-d'Isère[9] and Sports Estate,[10] were part of this collection.[11]

Here were also kept a few non-yellow cars, such as a black 456 Venice wagon with side windows that reflected. Exotic motorbikes lined one side room, and hundreds of empty Patek Philippe, Cartier, and Rolex watch boxes occupied another. A line of "lesser" automobiles, including a single Corvette, stood behind one of the buildings; they were all worn out from the heat and rain. In 1998, technicians abandoned the collection, leaving none of the cars in operable condition. Once the biggest collection of coachbuilt and luxury exotic cars in the world, it was now a car cemetery watched over solely by a few dog-wielding Gurkhas.[11]

Bentley collection

Arnage used by Prince Mohamed Bolkiah in 2024

By the end of the 1990s, Prince Jefri and Prince Hakeem had accumulated an impressive collection of over 3,500 automobiles in secret, more than 650 of which were Bentleys, a rather high amount for the Crewe plant of Rolls-Royce. Because the orders were so rare and distinctive, the Mulliner Park Ward division of Rolls-Royce established a dedicated "Blackpool team" to create, develop, and test the customised vehicles. Known by names like Dominator, Phoenix, and Camelot, these Bentleys featured production copies of the Java concept vehicle, four-wheel-drive cars, and customised versions of the Continental R coupe. The majority of these uncommon automobiles are kept in air-conditioned warehouses in Brunei, under the constant watch of Gurkha troops, and are never seen in the open.[12]

The Dominator, essentially an early Bentayga and Bentley's first attempt at an SUV, was a surprising and unconventional vehicle for the 1990s, resembling a 1990s Range Rover with Bentley styling and priced at $4 million each, with the Sultan purchasing three; seeing one today would be an extremely rare and fortunate occurrence.[a][15] At £146,094, the Continental R, which made its debut at the 1991 Geneva Motor Show, surpassed the next most expensive Bentley by £22,000 to become the most expensive vehicle in the world. The Sultan of Brunei bought the first bright red show model while it was still on display, which launched the country's sizeable market for the vehicle, including customised models such four-door saloons, estates, and convertibles.[16]

While retaining the front-end styling of the Continental R, included models that were completely reskinned with names ranging from the simple B2 and B3 to the more imaginative Imperial, Spectre, Monte Carlo, Grand Prix, and Buccaneer.[17] The B2 was a convertible soft-top roof, manufactured alongside the coupe version with an estimated total of 17 units, built exclusively for Brunei.[18][15][19] Like the previously mentioned, the B3 was designed by Pininfarina; built for only one year in the 1990s, the Sultan acquired about a dozen of these special models, each featuring a 6.75-litre V8 with a Garrett turbocharger.[15][20] The vintage 2-door, 2+2 sports coupe known as the Buccaneer, powered by a 6.75-liter turbocharged V8, was developed specifically for Brunei and designed by GMD (Geoff Matthews Design) of Coventry, with production by FD (France Design) of Le Pin, France.[15][21] In 1994, the Sultan and his brother commissioned the Grand Prix, a bespoke V8-powered Bentley with an aluminium body and a top speed of 305 km/h, notable for its unique feature: the letter "H" on the fifth position of the chassis number, signifying it as a non-standard model for select customers like the Brunei royal family.[15] Additionally, Prince Jefri commissioned Continental GTs, with design contributions from Robin Page.[22]

Ferrari F40 collection

The Ferrari F40 was a mid-engine sports car produced from 1987 to 1992 to celebrate Ferrari's 40th anniversary of the company's founding in 1947.[23] Of the eleven known Ferrari F40s purchased by the Sultan of Brunei, ten underwent cosmetic and performance modifications performed by Italian car designer firm Pininfarina, with nine of the cars being modified under the supervision of Paolo Garella, the Pininfarina Prototype Manager of the 1990s.[24]

Ferrari F40 with Rosso Corsa exterior

Modified by Pininfarina

Under the supervision of Paolo Garella, nine Ferrari F40s were modified by Pininfarina. This included seven road cars, and two Ferrari F40 LMs. Of the seven custom road-car F40s. These seven cars were also fitted with air-conditioning, a radio, electric windows, and a tiltable steering wheel column as options requested by the Sultan.[25]

The Sultan of Brunei also purchased two of the nineteen Michelotto F40 LMs produced by Ferrari.[26]

Brunei F40s in public circulation

Only three of the eleven Ferrari F40s have exchanged ownership from the Sultan of Brunei. One of these cars was the original F40 LM purchased for Brunei in 1992 which has since gone through four separate owners before ultimately being purchased by Shinji Takei in 1996.[27] The two other vehicles were the right hand drive converted yellow F40, and right hand drive converted matte grey F40, which were both purchased back from the Brunei royal family by John Collins, a Ferrari dealer who worked for Talacrest, a UK-based Ferrari specialist.[28]

The matte grey exterior car was converted to a Rosso corsa exterior with LM seats in the early 2000s. However, in 2018 the car was restored back to a matte grey exterior with red stripe, leaving the LM seats, with the work being done by UK engineering firm DK Engineering.[29]

The yellow car was also restored to its original configuration with a Rosso Corsa exterior and red cloth interior whilst remaining in a right hand drive configuration. It is the only right hand drive Ferrari F40 up for purchase in the world.[28]

These two F40s are the only known right hand drive F40s currently in public circulation.[28]

McLaren F1 collection

The McLaren F1 was a mid-engine sports car manufactured from 1992 to 1998, with a total of 106 cars being produced.[30] Due to the extremely limited number of production, the cars are extremely rare and are valued between US$8 million to $13.5 Million.[31] The Sultan of Brunei purchased ten of the 106 McLaren F1s produced, and these included five road cars, three F1 LMs, one F1 GT, and one F1 GTR.[32] Despite Gordon Murray's desire for all F1 LMs to be completed in Historic Orange, out of all three F1 LMs first requested, two of them are done in a unique livery. The sultan still owns the lone LM of the two non-historic oranges.[33]

Bugatti EB 110 collection

The Bugatti EB 110 was a rear mid-engine sports car manufactured from 1991 to 1995. The royal family ordered a "few" EB 110s for the collection, including 4 EB 110 SS models with the respective production codes of 01, 02, 03, 13. SS01 was sold to the UK in the early 2000s. SS02, SS03 and SS13 are still in the royal family garages as of 2010.[34]

Rolls-Royce collection

As of 2011, the Sultan of Brunei holds the Guinness World Record for the largest private Rolls-Royce collection, with more than 500 Rolls-Royce vehicles.[35]

Phantom VI

The Rolls-Royce Phantom VI was produced from 1968 to 1990, and was commonly used by the British monarchy.[36] The Sultan of Brunei custom ordered four Silver Clouds, named the Rolls-Royce Cloudesque.[37] The car was a modernised version of the Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud, produced from 1955 to 1966, having undergone engine modifications and transmission upgrades.[37]

Silver Spur II

The Rolls-Royce Silver Spur II was a luxury limousine produced by Rolls-Royce from 1989 to 1993.[38] The Sultan of Brunei also custom ordered a Rolls-Royce Silver Spur II stretch limousine for his wedding day, but had the car customised such that the whole vehicle was plated with 24-carat gold, with the limousine having an estimated price of US$14 million.[1]

  • Silver Spur I used by Prince Sufri Bolkiah in 2024
    Silver Spur I used by Prince Sufri Bolkiah in 2024
  • Silver Spur I in Pusat Bandar in 2024
    Silver Spur I in Pusat Bandar in 2024
  • Silver Spur II used by Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah in 2024
    Silver Spur II used by Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah in 2024
  • Silver Spur II used by princesses in 2024
    Silver Spur II used by princesses in 2024

Other vehicles

  • BMW Nazca M12 Concept, A concept sports car designed and built by Italdesign, similar to the C2.[39] A black example was reported to be in the collection.[40]
  • Ferrari F90, a limited run production car made in conjunction with Ferrari and Pininfarina in 1988.[41]
  • Ferrari FX, a mid-engined sports car that was commissioned by Prince Abdul Hakeem, the son of the Sultan's brother, Prince Jefri Bolkiah, and produced by Ferrari in 1995 and 1996.[42]

Notes

  1. ^ The Bentley Dominator is a luxury SUV produced specifically for the Sultan of Brunei in 1996.[13] Six Bentley Dominators were constructed for the Sultan with an approximated cost of US$4.6 million per vehicle.[14]

References

  1. ^ a b "25 Cars From The Sultan Of Brunei's Extensive Collection". HotCars. 2019-01-09. Archived from the original on 2020-06-14. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  2. ^ Guinness World Records 2002. Guinness World Records Limited. September 2001. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-892051-06-6.
  3. ^ Martin 2017, p. 106.
  4. ^ a b c Martin 2017, p. 108.
  5. ^ Martin 2017, p. 108–109.
  6. ^ "Lamborghini Countach 25th Anniversary". ECR. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  7. ^ "VIN: the Sultan of Brunei's undelivered Lamborghini Diablo SE30 chassis RLA12086". Supercar Nostalgia. 2021-12-18. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  8. ^ "Lamborghini Diablo SE30". ECR. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  9. ^ Padeanu, Adrian (2024-04-06). "This Ultra-Rare Bentley Turbo R Wagon Was Ordered New by the Brunei Royal Family". Motor1.com. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  10. ^ Rijkers, Marinus. "Bentley Sports Estate 1993 - 1997". www.rrsilverspirit.com. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  11. ^ a b Martin 2017, p. 109.
  12. ^ Feast 2004, p. 125.
  13. ^ "Bentley Dominator: Meet The Rolls Royce Cullinan's Long Lost Daddy". www.carscoops.com. Archived from the original on 2020-11-01. Retrieved 2020-05-29.
  14. ^ Kennedy, George. "Bentley's First SUV: Built In 1994 For A Sultan". Motor1.com. Archived from the original on 2018-06-24. Retrieved 2020-05-29.
  15. ^ a b c d e Welham, Ben (2022-04-19). "How Bentley wouldn't exist today if it wasn't for the Sultan of Brunei". supercarblondie.com. Archived from the original on 2024-09-14. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  16. ^ Noakes, Andrew (2019-10-01). 100 Years of Bentley. White Lion Publishing. p. 152. ISBN 978-1-78131-915-4.
  17. ^ O'Callaghan, Daniel (2022-02-17). "Micropost: The Brunei Bentleys". Driven to Write. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  18. ^ "Brunei Special Projects: Bentley B2". Paolo Garella. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  19. ^ Rijkers, Marinus. "Bentley B2 1994 - 1996". www.rrsilverspirit.com. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  20. ^ Rijkers, Marinus. "Bentley B3 1994 - 1995". www.rrsilverspirit.com. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  21. ^ Rijkers, Marinus. "Bentley Buccaneer 1996". www.rrsilverspirit.com. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
  22. ^ Feast 2004, p. 152.
  23. ^ "1987 Ferrari F40". conceptcarz.com. Archived from the original on 2019-12-24. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  24. ^ "The Brunei Experience - Paolo Garella". www.paologarella.com. Archived from the original on 2020-07-25. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  25. ^ "All The Secrets Of The Sultan Of Brunei's Modified Ferrari F40s". Jalopnik. 10 November 2014. Archived from the original on 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  26. ^ "F40 LM s/n 88523". www.barchetta.cc. Archived from the original on 2020-02-05. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  27. ^ "F40 LM s/n 92237". www.barchetta.cc. Archived from the original on 2020-02-05. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  28. ^ a b c "Ferrari F40 for sale at Talacrest". talacrest.com. Archived from the original on 2021-11-08. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  29. ^ "Ferrari F40 RHD". DK Engineering. Archived from the original on 2020-08-05. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  30. ^ "McLaren F1 | McLaren Automotive". cars.mclaren.com. Archived from the original on 2020-05-23. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  31. ^ "McLaren F1 price: what they're worth now". CarsGuide. Archived from the original on 2020-08-09. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  32. ^ Guru, Diecast (2020-08-31). "A true disgrace?: The lost cars of the Sultan of Brunei". DriveTribe. Archived from the original on 2020-09-29. Retrieved 2021-04-05.
  33. ^ "ECR - McLaren F1 details". ECR - McLaren F1 details. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  34. ^ "VIN: The Sultan of Brunei's Bugatti EB110 SS Speciale chassis 39013". Supercar Nostalgia. 17 October 2020. Retrieved 2021-04-05.
  35. ^ "Largest private Rolls-Royce fleet". Guinness World Records. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  36. ^ "Rolls Royce Phantom 6". www.bmwgroup-classic.com. Archived from the original on 2020-09-25. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  37. ^ a b "Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud Limousine". www.rrsilverspirit.com. Archived from the original on 2019-05-20. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  38. ^ Bobbitt, Malcolm (2005). Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit & Silver Spur Bentley: Mulsanne, Eight, Continental, Turbo R, Brooklands & Azure: Updated & enlarged Second Edition. Veloce Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-904788-75-1.
  39. ^ Cowley, Mark (2022-05-30). "10 Cars Owned By The Sultan Of Brunei You'll Never See In Real Life". HotCars. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  40. ^ "BMW NAZCA M12". www.bmwgroup-classic.com. Archived from the original on 2020-05-25. Retrieved 2020-05-28.
  41. ^ "1988 Ferrari F90 | Ferrari". Supercars.net. 2016-04-20. Archived from the original on 2021-07-14. Retrieved 2020-05-29.
  42. ^ "COACHBUILD.COM - Pininfarina Ferrari FX 1995". www.coachbuild.com. Archived from the original on 2019-02-04. Retrieved 2020-05-29.
  • Martin, Keith (2017-10-24). Strange But True Tales of Car Collecting: Drowned Bugattis, Buried Belvederes, Felonious Ferraris and Other Wild Stories of Automotive Misadventure. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-0-7603-5360-8.
  • Feast, Richard (2004). The DNA of Bentley. MotorBooks International. ISBN 978-1-61059-208-6.
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