Assadist–Saddamist conflict

Algeria	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Bahrain	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Egypt	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Iraq	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Jordan	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Kuwait	pro-Iraq;
Lebanon	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Libya	pro-Iraq;
Mauritania	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Palestine	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Sudan	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Syria	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Tunisia	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;
Yemen	pro-Iraq; pro-Syria;

Arab Ba'ath	1940–1947
Arab Ba'ath Movement	1940–1947
Ba'ath Party	1947–1966
Baath Party (pro-Iraqi)	1968–2003
Baath Party (pro-Syrian)	1966–present

Assadist-Saddamist conflict
Date	1979–2003
Location	All over the Arab world, mainly in Iraq and Syria
Belligerents
Assadists Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) Ba'ath Party – Syria Region; ; Assadists in other Arab states; Syria; Iraq; Hezbollah; Iran Supported by:; Soviet Union; Iraqi Shia militias; Russia; PLO (factions); PFLP; ; DFLP; South Yemen;	Saddamists Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction) Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region; ; Saddamists in other Arab states; Ba'athist Iraq; JRTN Supported by:; United States (until 1991); Saudi Arabia (until 1991); Kuwait (until 1991); Sudan ; Lebanese Forces; Muslim Brotherhood in Syria; Free Syrian Army; PLO (factions)
Commanders and leaders
Hafez al-Assad; Bashar al-Assad; Maher al-Assad; Hassan Turkmani; Assef Shawkat	Saddam Hussein; Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri; Tariq Aziz; Ali Hassan al-Majid; Salah Al-Mukhtar; Raghad Hussein

The Assadist-Saddamist conflict refers to the conflict between the Assadist Syrian-led Ba'ath Party and its subgroups, and the Saddamist Iraqi-led Ba'ath Party and its subgroups.

History

The conflict emerged after the Ba'ath Party split into two factions, that of Syria and that of Iraq, following the 1966 Syrian coup d'état where Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar were overthrown by Hafez al-Assad and Salah Jadid. In the 1970s, the two Ba'athist parties managed to reconcile, although the conflict erupted again as a result of the 1979 Ba'ath Party Purge in Iraq.^[1]^[2]

In 1980, when Saddam Hussein invaded Iran, leading to the Iran-Iraq war, the Syrian Ba'ath chose to ally with Iran, beginning a Syrian Baathist alliance with Shia Islamists, and an Iraqi Baathist alliance with the West and Sunni Islamists. Despite the Baath Party as a whole claiming to be secular, the conflict is partially rooted in sectarianism as the Iraqi Baath party was led by Sunnis, while the Syrian Baath party was led by Alawites.^[3] The Iraqi Baath Party supported the Muslim Brotherhood in their revolt against the Syrian Baath.^[4]

References

^ Batatu, Hanna (1999). Syria's Peasantry, the Descendants of Its Lesser Rural Notables, and Their Politics. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00254-1.
^ Ehteshami, Anoushiravan; Hinnebusch, Raymond A. (2002). Syria and Iran: Middle Powers in a Penetrated Regional System. New York, USA: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-15675-0.
^ Nasr, Vali, The Shia Revival (Norton), 2006, p.154
^ "The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood". Cablegate. 26 February 1985. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2013.

[Batatu_1999_2832-1] Batatu, Hanna (1999). Syria's Peasantry, the Descendants of Its Lesser Rural Notables, and Their Politics. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00254-1.

[2] Ehteshami, Anoushiravan; Hinnebusch, Raymond A. (2002). Syria and Iran: Middle Powers in a Penetrated Regional System. New York, USA: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-15675-0.

[Nasr,_revival,1542-3] Nasr, Vali, The Shia Revival (Norton), 2006, p.154

[The_Syrian_Muslim_Brotherhood2-4] "The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood". Cablegate. 26 February 1985. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2013.

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