Jerzy Rupniewski
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Jerzy Mieczysław Rupniewski | |
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.jpg) Jerzy Rupniewski painting Krakow 1938 | |
| Born | 21 September 1888 |
| Died | June 10, 1950 (aged 61) |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Occupation | Painter |
Jerzy Mieczysław Rupniewski (1888–1950) was a Polish painter and graphic artist.
Biography
Early life and youth
Jerzy was the son of Władysław Rupniewski and Maria née Janke.
He studied at the vocational institution of the The Trade School of the Merchants' Assembly of the City of Warsaw (Template:Lang-pl), located in Prosta street (now inexistent). He started to paint at the age of 15.[1]
Afterwards, Rupniewski moved to Lausanne, Switzerland to study at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (Template:Lang-en). He graduated from the establishment in 1908.
In 1912, he studied painting for a short period at the School of Fine Arts in Warsaw (Szkoła Sztuk Pięknych w Warszawie), studying under the supervision of Konrad Krzyżanowski, Stanisław Lentz, Wincenty Trojanowski and Xawery Dunikowski.[1] Then he turned to study sculpture at the Kunstgewerbeschule of Munich.
Afterwards, Jerzy moved to Paris, where he continued his education at the Academie Julian with the portraitist Marcel Baschet and at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière.[2] At the end of the year 1913, he returned to Warsaw.
His first exhibition occured in 1914 at the Society for the Encouragement of Fine Arts in Warsaw where he displayed pencil drawings as well as oil and watercolor paintings. In 1917, he organized his first solo exhibition.
Activity in Bydgoszcz
In early 1920, he transfered to Zalesie, a small village located 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of Bydgoszcz and began to participate in the cultural life of Bydgoszcz.
When a Society for the Encouragement of Fine Arts was established in Bydgoszcz in August 1921, Rupniewski became a member of the board.
In November 1925, the Rupniewski family settled permanently in Bydgoszcz: first at 15 Krakowska Street until 1929, then on Konarskiego Street and eventually from 1934 at 151 Nakielska Street.[1]
In October 1929, the Association of Artists in Bydgoszcz was created, Rupniewski was its vice-president and Karol Mondral its president. From 1930 he was a member of the Commission Board of the City Municipal Museum. He regularly and voluntarily donated paintings for charity purposes.
As the president of the Association of Pomeranian Artists, Jerzy was a member of the Committee for the construction of a Monument to Marshal Piłsudski in the city, created in 1935.[3]
In Bydgoszcz, he painted views of the town, especially the so-called Bydgoszcz Venice ''Wenecja Bydgoska'', an architectural ensemble of houses in downtown built over one of the rivulets. He depicted this area many times with various details. Furthermore, he depicted as well local fishermen, workers, craftsmen and salesmen. He was a member of the Julian Fałat Artists' Brotherhood in Toruń. From November 1929 to 1931, Jerzy was the vice-president and then president of the Pomeranian Artists' Association.
Rupniewski traveled extensively in search of new themes, visiting:[1]
- Italy in 1926 (Venice, Naples, Capri)
- Yugoslavia in 1931 (Korčula, Sarajevo, Dubrovnik);
- France in 1934 (Paris);
- Switzerland (Lausanne);
- Germany in 1939 (Nuremberg, Essen).
In Bydgoszcz, he exhibited at the Municipal Museum and at the Bydgoszcz Salon on Old Market Square, which was razed during WWII.
Several extensive reviews published in the "Dziennik Bydgoski"[4] for the opening of one of his exhibition in 1935 proved the popularity that the painter's art enjoyed in the city.[5]
The same year In 1935, Rupniewski undertook the design of rooms in the Municipal Library in Bydgoszcz, intended to store the Bernardine book collection. The artist designed the interiors together with Wiktor Zabielski, the city architect. He independently created the wall painting, which consisted of portraits of monks and stylized inscriptions commemorating the donors of the books.[6] For this work, the city of Bydgoszcz donated the artist a studio in the building of the Municipal Library.[7]
Second World War and following years
During the conflict, Rupniewski had been living in turn in Lviv where he continued painting for a living and in Janowice near Sandomierz. His deteriorating health and paralysis resulted in six months of treatment in a Warsaw hospital.[8]
During the war operations, about 150 paintings and drawings were destroyed, most of which were stored in Bydgoszcz Municipal Museum.
He and his wife escaped deportation, staying in Pruszków, Jędrzejów and Zakopane.[8]
After the war, he returned to Bydgoszcz and joined the Association of Polish Artists and Designers. He received the award of the Bydgoszcz Voivodeship National Council and the Medal of the 600th anniversary of the city of Bydgoszcz in May 1946, during the exhibition organised by the Pomeranian branch of the Association of Polish Artists.
In spring 1947, Jerrzy was taken to the State hospital for the mentally and nervously ill in Świecie. He passed away there on 10 June 1950. He was buried in the parish cemetery of the Church of the Divine Mercy in Bydgoszcz.
Works
Jerzy Rupniewski's favorite subjects were city views, old houses and streets. He frequently painted portraits of local residents. Marian Turwid nicknamed dubbed him in an article the "Bydgoszcz Canaletto", for his love of painting the daily life of the city and its people.
Tadeusz Dobrowolski, Polish art historian, wrote in 1926: "Rupniewski, a skillful watercolorist, also creates realistically, sometimes introducing into play an impressionist vision; the faithfulness of the depiction of the painted object is harmoniously associated with the impressionist assumption(...)".[9]
Selective list of creations
- Chłopiec w czapce (Boy in a Cap) - 1911;
- Views of Parisian streets (Boulevard St. Germain, Rue de l'Abbaye, Rue Visconti, Palais de Bagatelle) - 1914;
- Motyw z Wenecji V (Theme from Venice) - 1927;
- Wjazd wojsk polskich do Bydgoszczy w 1920 roku (Entry of Polish troops into Bydgoszcz in 1920) - 1927;
- Wenecja Bydgoska zimą (Bydgoszcz Venice in winter) - 1928;
- Chata na Helu (Cottage in Hel) - 1929;
- Portret dr. Jana Biziela (Portrait of Jan Biziel) - 1933;
- Notre Dame w Paryżu (Notre-Dame de Paris) - 1934;
- Portret Heleny Surynowej (Portrait of Helena Surynowa) - 1935-1937;
- Wnętrze pracowni artysty (Interiors of the artist's studio) - 1936;
- Rybak (Fisherman) - 1937;
- Wnętrze Biblioteki bernardyńskiej” (Interior of the Bernardine Library) - 1937;
- Marynarz na straży (Sailor on Guard) - 1938.
The Bydgoszcz Municipal Museum houses a collection of 47 paintings, created between 1911 and 1946. They include portrait (14 items), views of Bydgoszcz (10) and maritime views.
Some Polish museums include individual paintings by the artist: the Warsaw National Museum, Museums in Toruń, Poznań, Szczecin, Gdańsk and Bielsko-Biała.
Abroad, Rupniewski's works can be seen in the State Picture Gallery in Lviv, the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow, the British Museum in London and the Wilhelmshaven Museum.
Main exhibitions
The artist started to exhibit at an early stage of his career and at least once a year.
- 1914 - Society for the Encouragement of Fine Arts (Template:Lang-pl) in Warsaw.
- 1917 - First Solo exhibition.
- 1917 - Salon 1918, Society for the Encouragement of Fine Arts in Warsaw.[1]
- December 1921 - 3rd exhibition of the TZSP.
- April 1922 - 5th exhibition in Bydgoszcz TZSP.
- January 1924 - Exhibition of the Grupa 12 in Bydgoszcz.
- 1933 - Toruń.
- 1934 - Zachęta National Gallery of Art, Warsaw, where he presented 58 works, mainly oils and watercolours.[1]
- 1935 - Jubilee Salon (1860-1935) of the Warsaw Zachęta galley.
- 1936 - Bydgoszcz exhibition with other local painters.[10]
- November 1937 - Lviv Society of Friends of Fine Arts.
- 1938 - exhibition of watercolors at the Palace of Fine Arts in Krakow, with -among others- Franciszek Jaźwiecki, Ludwik Misky and Mieszko Jabłoński.
- 1938 - Trade Union of Polish Visual Artists in Lviv.
- June 1939 - Travelling Exhibition of Fine Arts in Bydgoszcz, with Marian Turwid, Piotr Triebler, Aleksander Jędrzejewski, Jerzy Faczyński.[10]
- 1947 - Rupniewski's last solo exhibition, associated with the 35th anniversary of his artistic work, displayed 78 paintings.[1]
For each exhibition, Rupniewski used to bring between 12 and 30 works.
Family
From 1920, he married Janina née Grabowska. The couple had a daughter and 3 sons.
Rewards and recognition
Rupniewski received awards at the Zachęta Salons in Warsaw: Bronze Medal (1930) and the Silver Medal (1936, 1937).[1]
In 1981, a street in the district of Fordon was named after him.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h Chojnacka, Barbara (2017). Jerzy Rupniewski (1888-1950) - Malarstwo, które jest mi wszystkim na świecie... Kronika Bydgoska XXXVIII [Jerzy Rupniewski (1888-1950) - Painting, which is everything to me in the world... Bydgoszcz Chronicle XXXVIII] (in Polish). Bydgoszcz: Towarzystwo Miłosnikow Miasta Bydgoszczy - Bydgoskie Towarzystwo Naukowe. pp. 275–312.
- ^ Rudowski, Jan (1992). Polski słownik biograficzny T. 33 [Polish Biographical Dictionary Vol. 33 (1991-1992)]. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich - Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk. pp. 501–515.
- ^ O Komitecie Budowy Pomnika Marszałka Piłsudskiego w Bydgoszczy, „Dziennik Bydgoski” [About the Committee for the Construction of the Marshal Piłsudski Monument in Bydgoszcz, "Dziennik Bydgoski"] (in Polish). Bydgoszcz: Drukarnia Bydgoska Sp. Akc. w Bydgoszczy. 1 June 1935. p. 9.
- ^ Muzeum Miejskie. Wystawa zbiorowa Jerzego Rupniewskiego „Dziennik Bydgoski” [Municipal Museum. Collective exhibition of Jerzy Rupniewski "Dziennik Bydgoski"] (in Polish). Bydgoszcz: Drukarnia Bydgoska Sp. Akc. w Bydgoszczy. 24 February 1935. p. 14.
- ^ Rupniewski wystawia! „Dziennik Bydgoski” [Rupniewski Exhibition! "Dziennik Bydgoski"] (in Polish). Bydgoszcz: Drukarnia Bydgoska Sp. Akc. w Bydgoszczy. 5 February 1935. p. 9.
- ^ Wskrzeszone dzieło bernardynów bydgoskich „Dziennik Bydgoski” [The revived work of the Bernardines of Bydgoszcz "Dziennik Bydgoski"] (in Polish). Bydgoszcz: Drukarnia Bydgoska Sp. Akc. w Bydgoszczy. 5 April 1936. p. 15.
- ^ Warszawa podziwia urodę Bydgoszczy na wystawie obrazów w Zachęcie „Dziennik Bydgoski” [Warsaw admires the beauty of Bydgoszcz at the exhibition of paintings in Zachęta. "Dziennik Bydgoski"] (in Polish). Bydgoszcz: Drukarnia Bydgoska Sp. Akc. w Bydgoszczy. 30 October 1938. p. 8.
- ^ a b Rudowski, Jan (1992). Polski słownik biograficzny T. 33 [Polish Biographical Dictionary Vol. 33 (1991-1992)]. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich - Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk. pp. 501–515.
- ^ Z Muzeum Miejskiego. Wystawa artystów-malarzy bydgoskich. Gazeta Bydgoska [From the Municipal Museum. Exhibition of Bydgoszcz painters. Gazeta Bydgoska] (in Polish). Bydgoszcz: Nakładem i członkami Drukarni Narodowej T. A. w Bydgoszczy. 1 June 1935. p. 5.
- ^ a b Chojnacka, Barbara (2022). Poza instytucją i salonem. Wystawy sztukiw międzywojennej Bydgoszczy. Kronika Bydgoska XLIII [Beyond the institution and salon. Art exhibitions in interwar Bydgoszcz. Bydgoszcz Chronicle XLIII] (in Polish). Bydgoszcz: Towarzystwo Miłosnikow Miasta Bydgoszczy - Bydgoskie Towarzystwo Naukowe. pp. 73–102.
Bibliography
- (in Polish) Rudowski, Jan (1992). Polski słownik biograficzny T. 33 [Polish Biographical Dictionary Vol. 33 (1991-1992)]. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich - Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk. pp. 501–515.
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