New Melilla
New Melilla
Melilla La Nueva | |
|---|---|
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| Country |  Spain |
| Autonomous City |  Melilla |
| Modernist expansion | 1901 |
New Melilla or Ensanche de Melilla is the widening of the Spanish city of Melilla that emerged in the 19th century, but especially during the 20th century.[1][2]
History
From the end of the 19th century, a period of splendour began in Melilla, which created a modern city, and after Barcelona, the Spanish city with the greatest representation of modernist art, as well as the greatest representation of modernism in Africa.
There are more than a thousand listed buildings that form part of the Historic-Artistic Complex of the City of Melilla, a Bien de Interés Cultural, and are spread throughout the central expansion and its neighbourhoods. Many of them are projects by an architect from the Barcelona School based in Melilla, Enrique Nieto y Nieto, who produced a very extensive modernist work, as a follower of the architect Lluis Domènech i Montaner. His floral modernist buildings stand out. Other modernist authors in Melilla were Emilio Alzugaray Goicoechea and Tomás Moreno Lázaro. In the 1930s, Art Deco took hold in Melilla's architecture, and architects such as Francisco Hernanz Martínez or Lorenzo Ros Costa created spectacular buildings in the city's neighbourhoods.[3][4][5][6]
Exterior forts
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They are a set of fortifications, forts not connected to each other and at a considerable distance from each other, built in the second half of the 19th century in a neo-medieval style that is rather more graceful than threatening, overflowing with a beauty that in some cases, when painted in bright colours, such as orange, makes one forget their defensive function, they seem more like elements of games and fun than defensive structures.
They are built with local stone for the walls and bricks for the arches and vaults, with obsolete fortification techniques, incapable of facing modern artillery, since the Riffian Kabyles, the enemy from which they had to defend Melilla, did not have artillery.
Historicisms
Almost all public buildings, places of worship.
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Eclecticisms
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The eclectic is another based on mixing elements, alternating them and increasing the ornamentation, with greater richness of wrought iron and the appearance of flying cornices, highlighting Droctoveo Castañón, house of Carmen Balaca and headquarters of the North African Company and José de la Gándara, the Mixed Schools Group, current headquarters of the Department of Economy and Finance of the Autonomous City of Melilla, the Metropol building, the Melilla Port Authority building and the Polígono market.
Modernism
Enrique Nieto He is the introducer of modernism in Melilla. Although what best defines Melilla architecture is modernism, a true continuation of the Rococo, with a very rich ornamentation, of infinite and suggestive forms and varied colours.
Emilio Alzugaray
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Art Deco
His masterpiece is the Monumental Cinema Sport (1930–1932).
Enrique Nieto
Francisco Hernanz
On the other hand, Francisco Hernanz who created zigzag works such as the House of Jacinto García Marfil, (1932), developed the aerodynamic art deco, with sober lines and almost no decoration, such as the House of Luis Raya (1935), the House of Abraham Benatar, the House of Bertila Seoane and the House of Parres.
Rationalism
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Cervantes Street, 4
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Industrial architecture
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Modern architecture
Municipal Cemetery of the Immaculate Conception
It is the main cemetery of the Spanish city of Melilla. It is located in the Plaza del Cementerio, at the end of the Cañada del Agua. Its construction began in 1890, under the project of the commander of engineers Eligio Suza and contracted by Manuel Fernández, and was inaugurated on January 1, 1892, and blessed by the vicar Juan Verdejo.
Sculptural elements
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Squares
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Parks
Hernandez Park
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It is the most important park in Melilla, it was built in 1902 in the shape of a trapezoid according to the design of the engineer Vicente García del Campo, and is located in the Plaza de España
Lobera Park
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It is named after its founder Cándido Lobera Girela, who, as president of the Board of Arbitration, created this park to prevent the construction of barracks on his land.
Juan Carlos I Rey Forest Park
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Agustin Jerez Park
References
- ^ Bravo Nieto, Antonio (2008). Modernismo y art decó en la arquitectura de Melilla (Ediciones Bellaterra-UNED Melilla ed.). Barcelona : [Melilla]: Edicions Bellaterra ; UNED-Melilla. ISBN 978-84-7290-428-6.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Bravo Nieto, Antonio (2002). Melilla: guía histórico, artística y turística de Melilla (1a. ed.). León, España: Everest. ISBN 84-241-9300-8.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Gallego Aranda, Salvador (1996). Enrique Nieto en Melilla: la ciudad proyectada. Granada: Servicio de Publ. de la Univ. de Granada. ISBN 9788433822611.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Bravo Nieto, Antonio (1996). La construcción de una ciudad europea en el contexto norteafricano: arquitectos e ingenieros en la Melilla contemporánea (1. ed.). Melilla: Consejería de Cultura, Educación, Juventud y Deporte, Servicio de Publ. [u.a.] ISBN 84-87291-68-6.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Bravo Nieto, Antonio (1997). La ciudad de Melilla y su autores: diccionario biográfico de arquitectos e ingenieros (finales del siglo XIX y primera mitad del XX) (1. ed.). Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla: Consejería de Cultura, Educación, Juventud y Deporte, Servicio de Publicaciones. ISBN 84-87291-81-3.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Gallego Aranda, Salvador; Nieto, Enrique (2010). Enrique Nieto: un paseo por su arquitectura. Melilla: Fundación Melilla Ciudad Monumental. ISBN 978-84-96101-89-0.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help)