Cysteine desulfurase
| cysteine desulfurase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 2.8.1.7 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
In enzymology, a cysteine desulfurase (EC 2.8.1.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- L-cysteine + [enzyme]-cysteine L-alanine + [enzyme]-S-sulfanylcysteine
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-cysteine and [enzyme]-cysteine], whereas its two products are L-alanine and [enzyme]-S-sulfanylcysteine.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the sulfurtransferases, which transfer sulfur-containing groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-cysteine:[enzyme cysteine] sulfurtransferase. Other names in common use include IscS, NIFS, NifS, SufS, and cysteine desulfurylase.
Function
Bacteria contain cysteine desulfurases to form iron sulfur clusters in proteins.[1] However recently it has been shown that the enzyme, which produces hydrogen sulfide from cysteine, is also a virulence factor, namely in M.pneumoniae.[2]
In mammals, the enzyme participates in thiamine metabolism.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, only one structure had been solved for this class of enzymes, with the PDB accession code 1T3I.
References
- ^ Mihara H, Esaki N (2002). "Bacterial cysteine desulfurases: their function and mechanisms". Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 60 (1–2): 12–23. doi:10.1007/s00253-002-1107-4. PMID 12382038. S2CID 23172939.
- ^ Großhennig, Stephanie; Ischebeck, Till; Gibhardt, Johannes; Busse, Julia; Feussner, Ivo; Stülke, Jörg (2016-04). "Hydrogen sulfide is a novel potential virulence factor of M ycoplasma pneumoniae : characterization of the unusual cysteine desulfurase/desulfhydrase HapE". Molecular Microbiology. 100 (1): 42–54. doi:10.1111/mmi.13300. ISSN 0950-382X.
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- Zheng L, White RH, Cash VL, Jack RF, Dean DR (1993). "Cysteine desulfurase activity indicates a role for NIFS in metallocluster biosynthesis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (7): 2754–8. Bibcode:1993PNAS...90.2754Z. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.7.2754. PMC 46174. PMID 8464885.
- Frazzon J, Dean DR (2003). "Formation of iron-sulfur clusters in bacteria: an emerging field in bioinorganic chemistry". Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 7 (2): 166–73. doi:10.1016/S1367-5931(03)00021-8. PMID 12714048.
