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Mori Kingdom

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Mori Kingdom
610s–734
The Moris and neighbouring South Asian polities circa 600 CE[1]
CapitalChittorgarh Fort, Rajasthan, India
24°53′11″N 74°38′49″E / 24.8863°N 74.647°E / 24.8863; 74.647
Religion
State religion:
History 
• Established
610s
• Disestablished
734
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Aulikaras
Guhila dynasty
A view of Chittorgarh Fort, Rajasthan, India
Chittorgarh fragmentary inscriptions of the Naigamas, first half of the 6th century CE.[2][3]

The Mori Kingdom, Moris are the branch of the Parmaras.[4] was a kingdom that ruled over southwestern Rajasthan and northern Malwa in India. The kingdom was established in the 7th century, and reigned for a period of about 120 years.[5] The Mori Rajputs controlled the Chittor Fort, and were a powerful military regime in this region before the rise of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty.

History

The Mori Rajputs are mentioned as one of the thirty-five branches of the Parmar Rajput clan by British scholars.[4] Chitrangada Mori, a Mori Rajput ruler, laid the foundation of the fort of Chittorgarh (also known as Chittor Fort).[6][7][8]

The Mori people controlled the Chittor Fort and the surrounding region before the Guhila dynasty took control. The fort of Chittor became a well-established citadel in the 8th century under the Moris.[9] An inscription in the fortress (dated 713 CE) names four Mori Rajput rulers of Chittor.[10]

Bappa Rawal probably led the Mori campaign against the Arabs, which, among other factors, contributed to his historical prominence. Later, he either deposed his overlord, Manuraja of the Chittor (also known as Mana Mori), and became king with the help of the nobles, or he became the king after Manuraja died childless.[11] Following Bappa Rawal's rise to power, the Moris were expelled from Chittorgarh.[12][13]

Defeat by the Arabs

According to C.K. Majumdar, the Moris were ruling at Chittor[14] when the Arabs (mlechchhas) invaded north-western India, around 725 CE.[14] The Arabs defeated the Moris, and in turn, were defeated by a confederacy that included Bappa Rawal.[15][16][17]

Decline of Mori Kingdom

Bappa Rawal defeated King Mana Mori, his maternal grandfather, and captured the kingdom of Chittor. This event is mentioned in the Rajprashasti Abhilekh, in the epic Mahakavya, in Canto 3.[18] [19]

Instead of counting Bappa Rawal as the last king of the Mori Dynasty of Chittor, some sources provide a different order of events and count Mana Mori as the final king. Muhammad bin Qasim who was an Arab military commander in service of the Umayyad Caliphate, attacked Chittor via Mathura in 725 CE.[14] Bappa Rawal, of Guhila dynasty, was a commander in the Mori army. After defeating Bin Qasim, Bappa Rawal obtained Chittor in dowry from Mana Mori in 734 CE. From then on, Chittor was ruled by the Sisodia Rajputs.[20] Still, descendants of Chitrangada Mori are said to survive in the Malwa region of India.[citation needed]

Inscriptions

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 21, 147. ISBN 0226742210.
  2. ^ Balogh, Dániel (9 December 2018). "Chittorgarh fragmentary inscriptions of the Naigamas, inked rubbing". doi:10.5281/zenodo.2105017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. ^ Epigraphia Indica Vol 34. pp. 53–58.
  4. ^ a b Chand, Faquir; Sinha, N. K. (1992). People of India: Daman and Diu. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-7154-762-3.
  5. ^ Somani, ram Vallabh (1976). History Of Mewar. p. 28.
  6. ^ Singh Chib, Sukhdev (1979). Rajasthan. The University of Michigan. p. 118.
  7. ^ Rajasthan. The University of Michigan. 1962. p. 44.
  8. ^ Guides, Bluworlds; Das, Joydip. Royal Rajasthan Pocket Travel Guide. Bluworlds Guides.
  9. ^ India Tourism Development Corporation, India Tourism Development Corporation (1975). Guide to Rajasthan. India Tourism Development Corporation. p. 169.
  10. ^ Rajasthan State Gazetteer, Rajasthan State Gazetteer (1995). Rajasthan State Gazetteer: History and culture. Directorate, District Gazetteers, Government of Rajasthan. p. 322.
  11. ^ Shyam Manohar Mishra 1977, p. 48.
  12. ^ Topsfield, Andrew (2001). Court Painting at Udaipur Art Under the Patronage of the Maharanas of Mewar. Artibus Asiae Publishers. p. 17. ISBN 9783907077030.
  13. ^ Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series, Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series (1965). Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series. The University of California. p. 52.
  14. ^ a b c R. C. Majumdar 1977, p. 298-299.
  15. ^ Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, p. 45.
  16. ^ Khalid Yahya Blankinship 1994, p. 188.
  17. ^ Kumar, Raj (2008). Encyclopaedia Of Untouchables : Ancient Medieval And Modern. Gyan Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7835-664-8.
  18. ^ Bhatt, Ranchod (1973). Rajprasastia Mahakavyam.
  19. ^ Ranchod Bhatt Maharana (1973). Raj Singh Raj Prashasti.
  20. ^ indianrajputs.com/history.

Bibliography