Appalachina chilhoweensis
| Appalachina chilhoweensis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Mature and juvenile queen craters found in Tennessee | |
 Apparently Secure | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Order: | Stylommatophora |
| Family: | Polygyridae |
| Genus: | Appalachina |
| Species: | A. chilhoweensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Appalachina chilhoweensis Lewis, 1870
| |
Appalachina chilhoweensis, also known as the queen crater, is a fairly rare species of pulmonate land snail in the family Polygridae. It is the largest North American land snail found east of the Rocky Mountains.[1] It is named after Chilhowee Mountain.[2]
Physical appearance
The queen crater is a large snail, with a shell ranging from 26.5 to 42 mm in diameter. The base of the shell is yellow-brown in color, with dark-brown splotches and a pale, broad lip.[3]
Ecology
The queen crater is endemic to the southeastern United States, being found in Tennessee, Kentucky, and North Carolina.[4] It is fairly common in Tennessee, and its populations are considered secure. However, in Kentucky and North Carolina, where the species is considerably rarer, it is listed as imperiled.[4]
The queen crater is most commonly found in mixed upland hardwood forests, high up in the Appalachian mountains.[4][3] They typically reside on wooded hillsides or slopes, under leaf litter or on or around sandstone talus.[5] The highest elevation a queen crater has been recorded at is 1,666 meters, or 5,465.88 feet.[6]
References
- ^ "Smokies Snail Gallery". Ohio State University. Retrieved 2024-11-09.
- ^ Pilsbry, Henry A. "Mollusca of the Great Smoky Mountains." Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (1900): 110-150.
- ^ a b "Queen Crater". Project Noah.
- ^ a b c "Appalachina chilhoweensis". NatureServe Explorer.
- ^ Dourson, D.C. 2013. Land snails of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park and southern Appalachians. Goatslug Publications, Bakersville, NC. 336 pp.
- ^ Dourson, Daniel C., and Keith Langdon. "Land snails of selected rare high elevation forests and heath balds of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park." Journal of North Carolina Academy of Science 128.2 (2012): 27-32.