Emanuel Kviring
Emanuel Kviring | |
|---|---|
.jpg) 1988 Soviet stamp featuring Kviring | |
| Leader of Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine | |
| In office 10 April 1923 – 7 April 1925 | |
| Preceded by | Dmitriy Manuilsky |
| Succeeded by | Lazar Kaganovich |
| In office 23 October 1918 – 6 March 1919 | |
| Preceded by | Serafima Hopner |
| Succeeded by | Stanislav Kosior |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 13, 1888 Novouzensky Uyezd, Samara Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | November 26, 1937 (aged 49) Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Political party | Socialist-Revolutionary Party (1906–1912) RSDLP (Bolsheviks) (1912–1918) Russian Communist Party (1918–1937) |
| Alma mater | Petersburg Politech |
Emanuel or Emmanuel Ionovich Kviring (Russian: Эммануил Ионович Квиринг; Ukrainian: Емануіл Йонович Квірінг; 13 September 1888[1] – 26 November 1937)[2] was a Soviet politician and statesman of Volga German descent.
Biography
[edit]Born into a German family in Friesenthal, in the Samara Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Novolipovka, Sovetsky District, Saratov Oblast), he became a socialist activist and politician (Socialist-Revolutionary Party from 1906 to 1912, and the Bolshevik Party beginning in 1912).[3]
After World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution, he was a leader of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine (October 1918 - March 1919, and April 1923 - March 1925).[4] Upon creation of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine in 1918, he became one of the leaders of the Yekaterinoslav wing of the party (Donets-Krivoi Rog wing) standing in opposition to the Kiev wing (Southwestern wing) led by Pyatakov and Skripnik. He was an opponent of the policy of Ukrainization, so he had to leave Kharkov for Moscow.[5] He then worked as an economist in the State Planning Committee (Gosplan).
In 1937, he was arrested and executed by the NKVD. In 1956, Kviring was posthumously rehabilitated by a decision of the USSR Supreme Court.[6][7]
References
[edit]- ^ Pod znamenem leninizma (in Russian). Radi︠a︡nsʹka Ukraïna. 1989. p. 63. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ "Расстрелы в Москве - Б". mos.memo.ru. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ "КВІРІНГ ЕМАНУЇЛ ЙОНОВИЧ". resource.history.org.ua. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ "Квиринг Эммануил Ионович". web.archive.org. 21 May 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ Веденєєв, Д. В. (2012). "Квірінг Еммануїл Йонович". Енциклопедія Сучасної України (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ http://www.annaberger-annalen.de/jahrbuch/1997/Annaberg%20Nr.5%20Kap2.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ Залесский, Константин Александрович (2000). Империя Сталина: биографический энциклопедический словарь (in Russian). Veche. p. 213. ISBN 978-5-7838-0716-9. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
- 1888 births
- 1937 deaths
- People from Sovetsky District, Saratov Oblast
- People from Novouzensky Uyezd
- People of Volga German descent
- Old Bolsheviks
- Members of the Orgburo of the 14th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
- Members of the Central Committee of the 12th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
- Members of the Central Committee of the 13th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
- Members of the Central Committee of the 14th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
- Members of the Central Committee of the 15th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
- Members of the Central Committee of the 16th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
- First secretaries of the Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)
- Great Purge victims from Russia
- Soviet rehabilitations
- Soviet bankers
- Deputies to the Ukrainian Constituent Assembly