Halal
Halaal (Arabic: حلال, also sometimes spelt halal) is the Islamic term for "permissible," similar to the Jewish kosher. The use of the term varies between Arabic-speaking Muslim communities and non-Arabic-speaking ones.
In Arabic-speaking countries, the term halaal is used to describe anything that is permissible under Islamic law, in contrast to haraam, that which is forbidden.
In non-Arabic-speaking countries, the term is most commonly used in the narrower context of Muslim dietary laws, especially where meat and poultry are concerned.
A variety of foods are considered non-Halaal, including: the flesh of swine (pork), blood, and animals slaughtered in the name of anyone but God, carrion, carnivourous animals with the exception of all fish and sea animals, and alcohol.
There is a Halaal method of slaughtering animals, by cutting through the large arteries in the neck to allow blood to leave quicker. Killing the animal in this way is considered both cleaner and more merciful to the animal. The slaughtering of the animal is typically begun with speaking the words "In the name of God, most gracious, most merciful."
The Quranic verse 5:5 declares that the food of the People of the Book is Halaal. Typically this is taken as referring to the food of Jews as the dietary laws are similar enough to (though less restrictive than) those regulating kashrut that devout Muslims can consume kosher meat and other food products when there are no halaal alternatives. Of course kosher products including alcohol are still haraam for that reason.
Sikhism technically forbids Sikhs from eating halal meat, for the same reason that Muslims are prohibited from eating meat 'dedicated to false gods'.
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