List of Indian inventions and discoveries
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India is widely recognised for its four great inventions in mathematics which have greatly shaped the modern world and without which mathematics wouldn't have come very far as the American historian Will Durant said "India was the mother of our philosophy... of much of our mathematics."
The four great inventions are:
- Invention of Zero
- Invention of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system
- Invention of the Binary numeral system
- Invention of the Base 10 system
Mathematical Discoveries/Inventions and Conceptual Inventions
- First known precise celestial calculations by Aryabhata
- Earliest known work on Linguistics by Panini
- The first detailed works on Algebra by Aryabhata, Brahmagupta and Bhāskara I
- The first known mention of the Fibonacci sequence by Pingala
- The earliest attempt to exaplin gravity
- Trigonometry
- Determining that the Sun is a star
- Determining the number of planets in the Solar System
- First mention of the concept of Heliocentrism by Yajnavalkya in Shatapatha Brahmana
- The concept of the Atom
Other Inventions
- Hydraulic Valve Tower in Sigiriya
- Chess
- Ludo
- Snakes and ladders
- Playing cards as we know them, Chinese playing cards were invented independent of European and Indian ones.
- Flush Toilet
- The earlist and most sophisticated Sewage system in the Indus Valey Civilization
- The first university at Taxila