Theresian Military Academy
The Theresian Military Academy is an academy, where the Austrian Armed Forces trains its officers. The Academy is located in the castle of Wiener Neustadt in Lower Austria
History
The Theresian Military Academy is the oldest Military Academy in the world and was founded on the 14th December 1751 by Maria Theresa of Austria and gave, the first commander of the Academy Fieldmarshal Leopold Josef Graf Daun ( Lord Daun) , the order “Mach’ er mir tüchtiger Officirs und rechtschaffene Männer darauß” (“Make me hard working officers and honest men”). Per year the Academy accepted 100 noblemen and 100 commons to start their education there. 1771 Fieldmarshallieutenant Hannig published the official studying plan and 1775 Maria Theresa published the Academy-Rules. At this time it took 11 years to complete the Academy but step by step it was shortened to 3 years.
The styrian Prince Erzherzog Johann (Archduke John) was the principal Headmaster of the academy for 44 years (1805 – 1849)
In the First Republic (1918 – 1938) the academy was located in Enns till 1934 and then again in the castle of Wiener Neustadt. A very special thing in the time between the Austrofascism and the “Anschluss” (Occupation of Austria by Nazi-Germany) was that Lieutenant General Rudolf Towarek (Commander of the TherMilAk between 1933 and 1938) didn’t let the “Wehrmacht” inside the castle for several days, which was the only military resistance of Austria against the occupation by Nazi-Germany. GenLt Towarek wasn’t punished for this action but he was retired and had the right to wear the Austrian uniform after his retirement which was more than unusual that days.
After the “Anschluss” the “Wehrmacht” installed a Warschool for Non-commissioned officers at the castle of Wiener Neustadt. The first commander of this school was Erwin Rommel. At this time the Germans erected a new building next to the castle which is nowadays known as Fort Daun in which the Military High School of Austria is located.
After World War II and the Austrian State Treaty which was signed in 1955 the totally destroyed castle was rebuilt and in 1958 the military academy was again located in Wiener Neustadt after a short intermezzo (1955-1958) in Enns.
The TherMilAk today
The recent commander of the TherMilAk is Generalmajor Norbert Sinn.
Since 1997 the TherMilAk is a 4 year college which can be attended by civil students to and finishes with a Masters degree in military leadership. 2003 the first 4 women completed the academy. Since 1959 more than 3.600 young officers were educated at the Theresian Military Academy
See also
List of government-run higher-level national military academies