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Prix de Rome

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This article concerns the French government prize. For similarly named prizes aimed at other countries' nationals, see Prix de Rome (disambiguation).

The Prix de Rome was a scholarship for art students. It was created in 1663 in France under the reign of Louis XIV. It was an annual burse for promising artists (painters, sculptors, and architects) who proved their talents by completing a very difficult elimination contest. The prize, organised by the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture, was open to their students. The award winner would win a stay at the Mancini Palace in Rome at the expense of the King of France. The stay could be extended if the director of the institution deemed it useful.

Expanded after 140 years into 5 categories, the contest started in 1663 as three categories - painting, sculpting, and architecture; in 1803, music was added; in 1804, engraving was added. The winner of the "First Grand Prize" would be sent to The Academy of France in Rome founded by Jean-Baptiste Colbert in 1666. There were also "Second Prizes" that allowed participants go to the same academy, albeit for a shorter period of time.

Eugène Delacroix, Edouard Manet, Edgar Degas, Ernest Chausson and Maurice Ravel attempted the Prix de Rome, but did not gain recognition. Jacques-Louis David, having failed three years in a row, considered suicide. Ravel tried a total of five times to win the prize, and the last failed attempt in 1905 was so controversial that it led to a complete reorganization of the administration at the Paris Conservatory.

The Prix de Rome was suppressed in 1968 by André Malraux. Since then, there have been a number of contests on file, and the Academies, together with The Institute of France, were merged by the State and the Minister of Culture. Selected lodgers now have an opportunity for improvement during an 18-month (sometimes 2-year) stay at The Academy of France in Rome (presently accommodated by the Villa Médicis).

Winners from the Architecture Category

(From 1722 to 1786, a Grand Prix de Rome in architecture was awarded by the Académie d'architecture - its first holder was Jean Michel Chevotet.)

Winners from the Painting Category

Winners from the Sculpture Category

Winners from the Engraving Category

The engravery prize was created in 1804 and suppressed in 1968 by André Malraux, the minister of Culture.

Winners from the Musical Composition Category

References

  1. ^ The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature, Pierre Bourdieu, p. 215, ISBN 0231082878, 1993, Columbia University Press
  2. ^ 1911 Encyclopedia
  3. ^ The Legacy of Homer: Four Centuries of Art from the Ecole Nationale Superieure Des Beaux-arts, Paris, 2005, Yale University Press, ISBN 0300109180
  4. ^ The New International Year Book, Published 1966. Dodd, Mead and Co.P 86
  5. ^ "Jagger, Charles Sargeant". Grove Art Online. 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
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