Jonestown conspiracy theories

Houses in Jonestown

Jonestown was the communal settlement made in northwestern Guyana by the Peoples Temple, a cult from California. Jonestown was founded in the mid-1970s by the cult leader, Jim Jones, for whom it was named, but it was occupied only for a few years. It stood amidst jungle, about seven miles (11 km) southwesterly from Port Kaituma.

Jonestown gained lasting international notoriety in 1978, when nearly its whole population died in a mass murder-and-suicide ordered by Jones, who was among the slain, numbering somewhat over nine hundred men, women and children.

Conspiracy theory

Early reports claimed that about 400 Temple members had been killed, and the remainder had fled into the jungle; see headlines in the New York Post and stories in the New York Times and San Francisco Examiner.

This death count was revised over the next week until the final total of more than 900 was reached. In explaining the discrepancies, U.S. officials first claimed that Guyanese officials "couldn’t count" (despite the fact that locals were charged with the task of puncturing the abdomen of each corpse to prevent their swelling and possibly exploding in the heat), then that bodies had been heaped in piles, hiding one another, though no explanation was made how 400 bodies could hide another 500.

According to the New York Times, the first official on the scene, Guyanese Coroner Dr. Leslie C. Mootoo, determined that all but three of the people in Jonestown had been murdered: 80-90% had been injected with poison, while the remainder were shot or strangled. The coroners for the few autopsies of Jonestown victims conducted in Delaware were not informed of Dr. Mootoo’s findings The bodies were left to rot in the Guyanese jungle for up to a week before being flown to New Jersey. Relatives and New Jersey officials complained about being kept from the remains, and according to the New York Times Dr. Sturmer, President of the National Association of Medical Examiners, sent an open letter to the U.S. Army, complaining about the handling of remains, and the illegal cremations of most of the Jonestown victims.

On September 27, 1980, a column by respected investigative reporter Jack Anderson was published under the title "CIA Involved In Jonestown Massacre." This was the first allegation of CIA involvement in the Jonestown incident. According to Anderson, both Richard Dwyer and Jim Jones had ties to the CIA, with Dwyer's ties dating to at least 1959; when quizzed directly about this alleged CIA involvement, Dwyer responded "no comment." At one point on the sound-recording made during the mass suicide, Jones' own voice commands, "Take Dwyer on down to the east house" and a short time later, Jones says "Get Dwyer out of here before something happens to him." This is considered by some to be evidence that Richard Dwyer, a U.S. embassy official, was really a CIA operative.

In 1987, The Jonestown Carnage: A CIA Crime (1978) by S.F. Alinin, B.G. Antonov and A.N. Itskov was published in the USSR. The book says Jones' group was not religious but rather socialist, opposing imperialism and the US government. Alinin and the other authors argued the inhabitants of Jonestown decided to emigrate to the USSR and sent an official request to the Soviet embassy in Guyana. Then the members of the cult were assassinated by CIA agents and mercenaries to prevent further political emigration from the USA and to repress the opposition to the US regime. The Soviet embassy head in Guyana, Feodor Timofeyev, visited Jonestown earlier in 1978, praising it for being a socialist haven, wagging its collective finger in the face of the US government.

Bibliography

• Renardo Barden,. Cults (Troubled Society series). Rourke Pub Group. ISBN 0-86593-070-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
• Sean Dolan (2000). Everything you need to know about cults. New York: Rosen Pub. Group. ISBN 0-8239-3230-3.
• Jack Sargeant, (2002). Death Cults: Murder, Mayhem and Mind Control (True Crime Series). Virgin Publishing. ISBN 0-7535-0644-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
• Jonestown Carnage: A CIA Crime - S.F. Alinin, B.G.Antonov, A.N.Itsko (Gives USSR version of the Jonestown massacre, argues that it was a crime committed by CIA.)
• Rebecca Moore (1985). A sympathetic history of Jonestown: the Moore family involvement in Peoples Temple. Lewiston: E. Mellen Press. ISBN 0-88946-860-5.
• Charles A. Krause; with exclusive material by Laurence M. Stern, Richard Harwood and the staff of The Washington Post; with 16 pages of on-the-scene photos. and commentary by Frank Johnston (1978). Guyana massacre: the eyewitness account. [New York]: Berkley Pub. Corp. ISBN 0-425-04234-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
• Shiva Naipaul (1982). Journey to nowhere: a New World tragedy. Harmondsworth [Eng.]: Penguin. ISBN 0-14-006189-4. (published in the UK as Black and White) Shiva Naipaul
• Phil Kerns, (1978). People's Temple, People's Tomb. Logos Associates. ISBN 0-88270-363-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
• Raven: The Untold Story of the Reverend Jim Jones and His People by Tim Reiterman with John Jacobs
• by Marshall Kilduff and Ron Javers (1978). The suicide cult: the inside story of the Peoples Temple sect and the massacre in Guyana. New York: Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-12920-1.
• Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple a film by Stanley Nelson

External links

• Father Cares: The Last of Jonestown - Airing in 1981, this 90 minute audio documentary was based on hundreds of hours of audio tape acquired under the Freedom of Information Act. Winner of the Dupont Columbia Award, the National Headliner Award and the Prix Italia.
• 'Jonestown Legacy' - Jonestown Legacy is a site run by David Wise, a former Pastor of the Los Angeles Branch of the Peoples Temple. David Wise turned against Jim Jones when Jones began to lose his mind and was hunted down by Jones and found twice. He spent twenty five years hiding out because Jones alleged to have taken a contract out on Wise's life. He is now writing a book with the same title.
• 'Jonestown and Official San Francisco: The Untold Story' - Documents the enormous support Jim Jones received from San Francisco politicians during both the period he built his "Church" in that city and afterwards when questions were raised about his project in Guyana.
• 'Audio recording of mass suicide' - An audio recording of the mass suicides in MP3 and FLAC formats
• List of who died at Jonestown
• Alternative considerations of Jonestown and Peoples Temple, San Diego State University, documented attempts to gain U.S. government information, personal recollections, and essays.
• The Jonestown, Guyana Tragedy - The contents of US Government archives on the subject obtained through the Freedom of Information Act. The original website has disappeared, so this link is via web.archive.org; unfortunately the scanned pages are missing.
• Transcript of Jim Jones' final speech in which he announces that suicide is now the best solution.
• Crime Library - The Jonestown Massacre
• CNN.com - Jonestown massacre + 20: Questions linger - Touches on the alleged involvement of the CIA.
• CNN.com - Jonestown survivors recall fateful day
• CIA's Massacre at Jonestown (Russian) - A book (in Russian) published in Soviet Union in 1987 containing witnesses of some people at Soviet embassy in Gyuana and copies of documents unknown to western world. Soviet consul recalls a meeting on 18 November with Deborah Touchette (she passed a briefcase with cash and documents of People's Temple to him) and a call from Sharon Adams (she told about radio message from Jonestown about military helicopters and armed people approaching Jonestown on 18 November).
• CNN.com - Jonestown survivor: 'Wrong from every point of view'
• CNN.com - Timeline: Road to tragedy in Jonestown
• BBC On This Day - 1978: Mass suicide leaves 900 dead
• Jim Jones inspiration for his ideology and cult control techniques (no author)
• Masters and Slaves:  The Tragedy of Jonestown, by Fanita English - Idea Journal article, addresses mind control (& compares to Nazi Germany)
• Report to the committee on Foreign Affairs, May 1979
• The Black Hole of Guyana, by John Judge article by researcher John Judge
• The Truth About Jonestown, by Shelia Yohnk
• The Word Spy - drink the Kool-Aid
• Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones at IMDb
• Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple at IMDb