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Day of the year
July 23 is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 161 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
1632 - 300 colonists bound for New France depart Dieppe, France .1793 - The Prussians conquer Mayence .1829 - In the United States , William Austin Burt patents the Typographer , a precurser to the typewriter .1833 - Corner stones laid for construction of the Kirtland Temple in Ohio1840 - The Province of Canada is created by the Act of Union .1862 - American Civil War : Henry W. Halleck takes command of the Union Army .1874 - Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos is appointed the Archbishop of the Portuguese colonial enclave of Goa .1881 - The Federation Internationale de Gymnastique , the world's oldest international sport federation, was founded.1903 - Ford Motor Company sold its first car.1914 - Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand . When Serbia denies Austria-Hungary their demands World War I is sparked on July 28 , 1914 1926 - Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film .1929 - Fascist government in Italy ban the use of foreign words.1936 - In Catalonia , Spain , the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia is founded through the merger of socialist and communist parties.1940 - US Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles `s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States - Estonia , Latvia and Lithuania .1942 - The Holocaust : The Treblinka extermination camp is opened1942 - World War II : Hitler signed the Operation Edelweiss .
1945 - The process against Philippe Pétain begins.1952 - Establishment of the European Coal and Steel community .1952 - General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser - the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King Farouk of Egypt .
1956 - The Loi Cadre is passed by the French Republic in order to order French overseas territory affairs.1961 - Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) founded in Nicaragua .1962 - Telstar relays the first live trans-Atlantic television signal.1962 - The International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos was signed.
1967 - 12th Street Riot : In Detroit, Michigan , one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and ~1,400 buildings burned).1968 - Glenville Shootout : In Cleveland, Ohio , a violent shootout between a Black Militant organization led by Ahmed Evans and the Cleveland Police Department occurred. During the shootout, a riot began that lasted for five days.1968 - The first and only successful hijacking of an El Al aircraft took place when a 707 carrying 10 crew and 38 passengers was taken over by three members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). The aircraft was en route from Rome , Italy , to Lod , Israel .
1970 - Qaboos ibn Sa’id , becomes Sultan of Oman after overthrowing his father, Sa’id ibn Taimur .1972 - The United States launches Landsat 1 , first Earth-resources satellite .1982 - The International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial whaling by 1985-86.1983 - Around 3,000 Tamils were slaughtered by Shinhalese Buddhist majority in Sri Lanka and some 400,000 Tamils fled to neighboring Tamil Nadu , India and a lot found refuge in Europe and Canada . This incident, known as Black July led directly to beginning of civil war in Sri Lanka .1983 - Gimli Glider : Air Canada flight 143 lands "dead-stick" in Gimli, Manitoba .
1984 - Vanessa Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown after nude photos of her appeared in Penthouse 1986 - In London , Prince Andrew, Duke of York marries Sarah Ferguson at Westminster Abbey .1988 - General Ne Win , effective ruler of Myanmar since 1962 resigns after pro-democracy protests.1992 - A Vatican commission, led by Joseph Ratzinger , establishes it is necessary to limit rights of homosexual people and non-married couples.1995 - Comet Hale-Bopp is discovered and is visibly seen with a naked eye nearly a year later.1997 - Digital Equipment Company files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel .1997 - Spree killer Andrew Cunanan commits suicide in the upstairs bedroom aboard a Miami houseboat to avoid capture by the police
1999 - Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Al-Hassan, is crowned King Mohammed VI of Morroco at the death of his father.1999 - ANA Flight 61 is hijacked in Tokyo .
2004 - Eleven years after its destruction, Stari most (the Old Bridge) in Mostar is reopened.2005 - Three bombs hit the Naama Bay area of Sharm el-Sheikh , Egypt , killing 88 people.
Births
645 - Yazid I , Sixth caliph of Islam (d. 683 )1301 - Duke Otto of Austria (d. 1339 )1339 - King Louis I of Naples (d. 1384 )1503 - Anna Jagello , Queen of the Romans (d. 1547 )1649 - Pope Clement XI (d. 1721 )1705 - Francis Blomefield , English topographer (d. 1752 )1775 - Etienne-Louis Malus , French physicist and mathematician (d. 1812 )1777 - Philipp Otto Runge , German painter (d. 1810 )1796 - Franz Berwald , Swedish composer (d. 1868 )1823 - Alexandre-Antonin Taché , Canadian Catholic priest and archbishop (d. 1894 )1838 - Edouard Judas Colonne , French violinist (d. 1910 )1856 - Lokmanya Tilak , Indian freedom fighter (d. 1920 )1865 - Max Heindel , Danish Christian occultist, astrologer, and mystic (d. 1919 )1884 - Emil Jannings , Swiss actor (d. 1950 )1886 - Salvador de Madariaga , Spanish League of Nations official (d. 1978 )1886 - Walter H. Schottky , German physicist (d. 1976 )
1888 - Raymond Chandler , American-born author (d. 1959 )1892 - Haile Selassie , Emperor of Ethiopia (d. 1975 )1894 - Arthur Treacher , English character actor (d. 1975 )1895 - Aileen Pringle , American actress (d. 1989 )1898 - Jacob Marschak , American economist (d. 1977 )1898 - Red Dutton , Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1987 )
1899 - Gustav Heinemann , 3rd President of the Federal Republic of Germany (d. 1976 )1901 - Hank Worden , American actor and rodeo cowboy (d. 1992 )1906 - Vladimir Prelog , Croatian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998 )1906 - Chandrasekhar Azad , Indian revolutionary (d. 1931 )
1912 - Michael Wilding , English actor (d. 1979 )1913 - Michael Foot , English politician1918 - Bueno de Mesquita Dutch comedian and actor (d. 2005 )1918 - Pee Wee Reese , American baseball player (d. 1999 )
1921 - Calvert DeForest , American actor (d. 2007 )1923 - Luis Aloma , Cuban baseball player (d. 1997 )1923 - Cyril M. Kornbluth , American writer (d. 1958 )
1923 - Amalia Mendoza , Mexican singer (d. 2001 )
1924 - Gavin Lambert , British-born screenwriter (d. 2005 )1927 - Gérard Brach , French film director and screenwriter (d. 2006 )1928 - Hubert Selby Jr. , American author (d. 2004 )1931 - Te Atairangi Kaahu , Māori Queen (d. 2006 )1931 - Guy Fournier , French Canadian author and screenwriter
1931 - Claude Fournier , French Canadian film director and screenwriter
1933 - Bert Convy , American game show host and performer (d. 1991 )1935 - Jim Hall , American race car driver and race car innovator1935 - Hein Heinsen , Danish artist
1936 - Shiv Kumar Batalvi , Punjabi revolutionary (d. 1973 )1936 - Don Drysdale , American baseball player (d. 1993 )
1936 - Anthony Kennedy , U.S. Supreme Court Justice
1938 - Juliet Anderson , American pornographic actress 1938 - Ronny Cox , American actor
1938 - Götz George , German actor
1938 - Charles Harrelson , American convicted murderer; father of Woody Harrelson (d. 2007 )
1938 - Bert Newton , Australian actor and television show host
1940 - Don Imus , American talk radio host1942 - Myra Hindley , English murderer (d. 2002 )1942 - Sallyanne Atkinson , Australian politician
1943 - Dr. Randall Forsberg , American nuclear freeze advocate (d. 2007 )1943 - Tony Joe White , American singer and songwriter
1947 - Gardner Dozois , American author1947 - David Essex , English singer
1948 - John Cushnahan , Northern Irish politician1948 - John Hall , American politician and former rock musician
1950 - Alex Kozinski , Romanian-born American judge1951 - Edie McClurg , American actress1952 - Bill Nyrop , American ice hockey player (d. 1995 )1953 - Graham Gooch , English cricketer1957 - Theo van Gogh , Dutch film director (d. 2004 )1957 - Nick Galis , Greek basketball player
1961 - Martin Gore , English musician and songwriter (Depeche Mode )1961 - Woody Harrelson , American actor
1961 - André Ducharme , Quebec humorist (Rock et Belles Oreilles ) and author
1962 - Eriq La Salle , American actor1964 - Ed Forchion , American marijuana activist1965 - Rob Dickinson , English musician1965 - Slash , English guitarist (ex-Guns N' Roses )
1966 - Samantha Beckinsale , English actress1967 - Philip Seymour Hoffman , American actor1968 - Nick Menza , American musician, drummer1968 - Gary Payton , American basketball player
1968 - Stephanie Seymour , American supermodel
1970 - Charisma Carpenter , American actress1970 - Thea Dorn , German writer
1971 - Dalvin DeGrate , American singer1971 - Alison Krauss , American singer and fiddler
1971 - Chris Michalek , American musician
1972 - Marlon Wayans , American actor1973 - Nomar Garciaparra , American baseball player1973 - Omar Epps , American actor
1973 - Francis Healy , Scottish rock musician (Travis )
1973 - Monica Lewinsky , American White House intern
1974 - Terry Glenn , American football player1974 - Maurice Greene , American athlete
1974 - Stephanie March , American actress
1974 - Sonny Siaki , Samoan-born professional wrestler
1974 - Rik Verbrugghe , Belgian cyclist
1974 - Kathryn Hahn , American actress
1975 - Seong Hyeon-ah , South Korean actress1975 - Surya Sivakumar , Tamil actor
1976 - Judit Polgár , Hungarian chess player1976 - Jonathan Gallant , Canadian musician (Billy Talent )
1977 - Neicer Reasco , Ecuadorian footballer1977 - Scott Clemmensen , American ice hockey player
1978 - Stuart Elliott , Northern Irish footballer1978 - Stefanie Sun , Singaporean singer
1979 - Ricardo Sperafico , Brazilian racing driver1979 - John Barnshaw , American sociologist1980 - Michelle Williams , American singer1981 - Steve Jocz , Canadian drummer (Sum 41 )1983 - Andrew Eiden , American actor1983 - Bec Hewitt , Australian actress
1983 - Aaron Peirsol , American swimmer
1984 - Brandon Roy , American professional basketball player1985 - Luis Ángel Landín , Mexican footballer1988 - Pippa Bennett-Warner , English actress1989 - Daniel Radcliffe , English actor1996 - Rachel G. Fox , American actress
Deaths
1227 - Qiu Chuji , Chinese Taoist (b. 1148 )1373 - Saint Birgitta , Swedish saint (b. 1303 )1403 - Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester , English rebel (executed) (b. 1343 )1531 - Louis de Brézé, seigneur d'Anet , Marshal of Normandy and husband of Diane de Poitiers 1584 - John Day , English printer (b. 1522 )1692 - Gilles Ménage , French scholar (b. 1613 )1727 - Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt , Lord Chancellor of Great Britain 1757 - Domenico Scarlatti , Italian composer (b. 1685 )1764 - Gilbert Tennent , Irish-born religious leader (b. 1703 )1773 - George Edwards , English naturalist (b. 1693 )1781 - John Joachim Zubly , Swiss-born Continental Congressman (b. 1724 )1793 - Roger Sherman , American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1721 )1853 - Andries Pretorius , Boer leader (b. 1798 )1875 - Isaac Singer , American inventor and entrepreneur (b. 1811 )1878 - Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky , Bohemian physician (b. 1804 )1885 - Ulysses S. Grant , 18th President of the United States (b. 1822 )1916 - Sir William Ramsay , Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852 )1920 - Conrad Kohrs , German-born rancher (b. 1835 )1923 - Pancho Villa , Mexican revolutionary (b. 1878 )1924 - Frank Frost Abbott , American classical scholar (b. 1850 )1930 - Glenn Curtiss , American aviation pioneer (b. 1878 )1942 - Adam Czerniakow , Polish engineer (suicide) (b. 1880 )1948 - D. W. Griffith , American film director (b. 1875 )1951 - Henri Philippe Pétain , leader of Vichy France (b. 1856 )1951 - Robert J. Flaherty , American filmmaker (b. 1884 )
1955 - Cordell Hull , 47th United States Secretary of State , Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1871 )1966 - Montgomery Clift , American actor (b. 1920 )1968 - Henry Hallett Dale , English scientist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875 )1971 - Van Heflin , American actor (b. 1910 )1979 - Joseph Kessel , French journalist and novelist (b. 1898 )1980 - Mollie Steimer , anarchist agitator and American political prisoner (b. 1897 )1980 - Sarto Fournier , Mayor of Montreal (b. 1908 )
1980 - Keith Godchaux , American pianist (Grateful Dead ) (b. 1948 )
1982 - Vic Morrow , American actor (b. 1929 )1983 - Georges Auric , French composer (b. 1899 )1985 - Johnny Wardle , English cricketer (b. 1923 )1989 - Donald Barthelme , American author (b. 1931 )1990 - Kenjiro Takayanagi , Japanese development of television (b. 1899 )1993 - James R. Jordan, Sr. , father of Michael Jordan (b. 1936 )1996 - Aliki Vougiouklaki , Greek actress (b. 1934 )1997 - Chuhei Nambu , Japanese athlete (b. 1904 )1999 - King Hassan II of Morocco (b. 1929 )2001 - Eudora Welty , American author (b. 1909 )2002 - Leo McKern , Australian actor (b. 1920 )2002 - William Luther Pierce , American author and activist (b. 1933 )
2002 - Chaim Potok , American novelist and rabbi (b. 1929 )
2003 - James E. Davis , New York City councilman (murdered) (b. 1962 )2004 - Mehmood , Indian actor (b. 1932 )2004 - Carlos Paredes , Portuguese musician and composer (b. 1925 )
2004 - Piero Piccioni , Italian musician, conductor and composer (b. 1921 )
2004 - Serge Reggiani , French singer and actor (b. 1922 )
2005 - Ted Greene , American jazz guitarist and teacher (b. 1946 )2006 - Jean-Paul Desbiens , Quebec writer and journalist (b. 1927 )2007 - Mohammed Zahir Shah , King of Afghanistan (b. 1914 )
Holidays and observances
Roman Catholic
External links
