Naomi Ragen
American-Israeli author, playwright and women’s rights activist. Ragen was born in New York City on July 10, 1949 and received an Orthodox Jewish education before completing a degree in literature at Brooklyn College (1971), the same year she moved to Israel with her husband. In 1978 she received a master’s degree in literature from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Fiction
Ragen’s first three novels, which described the lives of ultra-Orthodox Jewish women in Israel and the United States, dealt with themes that had not previously been addressed in that society's literature: wife-abuse (Jephte’s Daughter: 1989), adultery (Sotah: 1992) and rape (The Sacrifice of Tamar: 1995). Reaction to these novels in the Orthodox and ultra-Orthodox communities was mixed. Some hailed her as a pioneer who for the first time exposed and opened to public discussion problems which the communities had preferred to pretend did not exist, while others criticized her for “hanging out the dirty laundry” for everyone to see, thus embarrassing the rabbis who were believed by many to be effectively dealing with these problems “behind the scenes” and also putting “ammunition in the hands of the anti-Semites”.
Her next novel (The Ghost of Hannah Mendes: 1998) told the story of a Sephardic family brought back from the abyss of assimilation by the spirit of their ancestor Hannah Mendes, a 16th century Portugese crypto-Jew who risked her life and her considerable fortune to practice her religion in secret.
Chains Around the Grass (2002) is a semi-autobiographical novel of the author’s childhood which dealt with the failure of the American dream for her parents.
In The Covenant (2004) Ragen dealt with the contemporary theme of an ordinary family sucked into the horror of Islamic terrorism.
The Saturday Wife (2007), loosely based on Flaubert’s Madame Bovary, is a satire of modern Jewish Orthodoxy.
Drama
Women’s Minyan, Ragen’s 2001 play, tells the story of an ultra-Orthodox woman who, upon fleeing from her adulterous and abusive husband, finds that he has manipulated the rabbinical courts to deprive her of the right to see or speak to her twelve children. The story is based on a true incident. Women’s Rights Ragen has long been active in the struggle to force rabbinical courts to uphold the dignity of women in divorce proceedings by solving the problem of the Agunah and by discontinuing the practice of allowing (and even encouraging) men to demand their wives give up their share of the couple’s joint assets in exchange for the divorce (Get (divorce document)). Little progress has been made on these issues.
More recently (2006), Ragen joined several other women in petitioning the courts to force the Israeli government and public bus companies to discontinue the recently-instituted gender segregated buses, in which women are required to sit in the rear of the bus and be dressed in accordance with the strictest precepts of rabbinical modesty. Several women who have refused to do so have been physically assaulted by self-appointed ultra-Orthodox vigilantes. This case has been slowly making its way through the court system.
Miscellaneous
In 2007, two American-Israeli writers separately accused Ragen of plagiarizing their works. Ragen vehemently denies both accusations, putting them down to extortion and political agendas.