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Alice Munro

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Alice Ann Munro, née Laidlaw (born 10 July 1931) is a Canadian short-story writer and three-time winner of Canada's Governor General's Award for fiction. Widely considered "the finest living short story writer,"[1] her stories focus on human relationships looked at through the lens of daily life. While most of Munro’s fiction is set in Southwestern Ontario, her reputation as a short-story writer is international. Her "accessible, moving stories" explore human complexities in a seemingly effortless style.[2] Munro's writing has established her as "one of our greatest contemporary writers of fiction," or, as Cynthia Ozick put it, "our Chekhov."[3]

Wikiquote has quotations related to Alice Munro.

Biography

Alice Munro was born in the town of Wingham, Ontario into a family of fox and poultry farmers. Her father was Robert Eric Laidlaw and her mother, a school teacher, was Anne Clarke Laidlaw (née Chamney). She began writing as a teenager and published her first story, "The Dimensions of a Shadow," while a student at the University of Western Ontario in 1950. During this period she worked as a waitress, tobacco picker and library clerk. In 1951, she left the university, in which she had been majoring in English since 1949, to marry James Munro and move to Vancouver, British Columbia. Her daughters Sheila, Catherine, and Jenny were born in 1953, 1955, and 1957 respectively; Catherine passed away 15 hours after birth. In 1963, the Munros moved to Victoria where they opened Munro's Books. In 1966, their daughter Andrea was born.

Alice Munro's first collection of stories, Dance of the Happy Shades (1968), was highly acclaimed and won that year’s Governor General's Award, Canada’s highest literary prize. This success was followed by Lives of Girls and Women (1971), a collection of interlinked stories that was published as a novel.

Alice and James Munro were divorced in 1972. She returned to Ontario to become Writer-in-Residence at the University of Western Ontario. In 1976 she married Gerald Fremlin, a geographer. The couple moved to a farm outside Clinton, Ontario. They have since moved from the farm to a house in the town of Clinton, Ontario.

In 1978, Munro's collection of interlinked stories, Who Do You Think You Are?, was published (titled The Beggar Maid: Stories of Flo and Rose in the United States). This book earned Munro the Governor General’s Literary Award for a second time. From 1979 to 1982, she toured Australia, China and Scandinavia. In 1980 Munro held the position of Writer-in-Residence at both the University of British Columbia and the University of Queensland. Through the 1980s and 1990s, Munro published a short-story collection about once every four years to increasing acclaim, winning both national and international awards.

In 2002, her daughter Sheila Munro published a childhood memoir, Lives of Mothers and Daughters: Growing Up With Alice Munro.

Alice Munro's stories frequently appear in publications such as The New Yorker, The Atlantic Monthly, Grand Street, Mademoiselle, and The Paris Review.

In interviews to promote her 2006 collection The View from Castle Rock, Munro has suggested that she may not publish any further collections. [citation needed]

Her story "The Bear Came Over the Mountain" has been adapted for the screen and directed by Sarah Polley as the film Away From Her, starring Julie Christie and Gordon Pinsent. It successfully debuted at the 2006 Toronto International Film Festival. Polley's adaptation was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, but lost to No Country for Old Men.

Writing style

Many of Munro's stories are set in Huron County, Ontario. Her strong regional focus is one of the features of her fiction. Another is the all-knowing narrator who serves to make sense of the world. Many compare Munro's small-town settings to writers of the U.S. rural South. As in the works of William Faulkner and Flannery O'Connor, her characters often confront deep-rooted customs and traditions. However, the reaction of Munro's characters is less intense than their Southern counterparts. Thus, particularly with respect to her male characters, she may be said to capture the essence of everyman. Her female characters, though, are more complex. Much of Munro's work exemplifies the literary genre known as Southern Ontario Gothic.

Munro's work is often compared with the great short story writers. For example, the American writer Cynthia Ozick called Munro "our Chekhov." In Munro stories, as in Chekov's, plot is secondary and "little happens." As with Chekov, Garan Holcombe notes: "All is based on the epiphanic moment, the sudden enlightenment, the concise, subtle, revelatory detail." Munro's work deals with "love and work, and the failings of both. She shares Chekov’s obsession with time and our much-lamented inability to delay or prevent its relentless movement forward."[1]

A frequent theme of her work—particularly evident in her early stories—has been the dilemmas of a girl coming of age and coming to terms with her family and the small town she grew up in. In recent work such as Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage (2001) and Runaway (2004) she has shifted her focus to the travails of middle age, of women alone and of the elderly. It is a mark of her style for characters to experience a revelation that sheds light on, and gives meaning to, an event.

Munro's spare and lucid language and command of detail gives her fiction a "remarkable precision," as Helen Hoy observes. Munro's prose reveals the ambiguities of life: "ironic and serious at the same time," "mottoes of godliness and honor and flaming bigotry," "special, useless knowledge," "tones of shrill and happy outrage," "the bad taste, the heartlessness, the joy of it." Her style places the fantastic next to the ordinary with each undercutting the other in ways that simply, and effortlessly, evoke life.[4] As Robert Thacker notes:

Munro's writing creates what amounts almost to an empathetic union among readers, critics most apparent among them. We are drawn to her writing by its verisimilitude — not of mimesis, so-called and... 'realism' — but rather the feeling of being itself... of just being a human being.[5]

Many critics have asserted that Munro's stories often have the emotional and literary depth of novels. The question of whether Munro actually writes short-stories or novels has often been asked. Alex Keegan, writing in Eclectica, has a simple answer: "Who cares? In most Munro stories there is as much as in many novels."[6]

Works

Awards and honours

In Canada, Munro has received three Governor General's Awards for English-language Fiction (the most for any author), two Giller Prizes, the Trillium Book Award and the Canadian Booksellers Award. Internationally, she has won the WH Smith Literary Award in the UK; the National Book Critics Circle Award and the O. Henry Award for Continuing Achievement in Short Fiction in the U.S.; the PEN/Malamud Award for Excellence in Short Fiction; the Rea Award for the Short Story; and the Libris Award. She has also won the Canada-Australia Literary Prize and the Commonwealth Writers Prize Regional Award for Canada and the Caribbean.

In 1986, Alice Munro was awarded the Marian Engel Award for her body of work. In 1993, she was awarded the Royal Society of Canada's Lorne Pierce Medal. In 1992, she was made a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.

Munro won the Giller Prize in 2004 for her short story collection Runaway. It was her second Giller; her first was in 1998 for The Love of a Good Woman. She is one of only two writers — the other is M. G. Vassanji — to have won the Giller Prize twice.

The Love of a Good Woman was also selected as a candidate in the CBC's 2004 edition of Canada Reads, in which it was advocated by opera singer Measha Brueggergosman.

Munro received the Medal of Honor for Literature from the U.S. National Arts Club in February 2005. The award, given annually for a body of work of literary excellence was presented to Munro at a ceremony in New York hosted by novelist Russell Banks that included tributes by former winner Margaret Atwood and Pulitzer Prize-winning author Michael Cunningham [7]

Notes

  1. ^ a b Holcombe, Garan (2005). "Alice Munro". Contemporary Writers. London: British Arts Council. Retrieved 2007-06-20.
  2. ^ Meyer, M. Alice Munro. Meyer Literature. Retrieved on: November 21, 2007.
  3. ^ Merkin, Daphne (October 24, 2004) "Northern Exposures." New York Times Magazine." Retrieved on: February 25, 2008.
  4. ^ Hoy, Helen (1980). "Dull, Simple, Amazing and Unfathomable: Paradox and Double Vision In Alice Munro's Fiction". Studies in Canadian Literature. 5 (1). University of New Brunswick. Retrieved 2007-06-20.
  5. ^ Thacker, Robert (1998) Review of Some other reality: Alice Munro's Something I've been Meaning to Tell You, by Louis K. MacKendrick. Journal of Canadian Studies, Summer 1998.
  6. ^ Keegan, Alex (Aug/Sept, 1998). "Munro: The Short Answer". Eclectica. 2 (5). Retrieved 2007-06-20. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  7. ^ Munro wins top U.S. honour. Arts and Entertainment, CBC.ca. Retrieved on 2007-06-22.

References


Template:Scotiabank Giller Prize Winners

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