Able Archer 83
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Able Archer was the codename for a war game exercise in late 1983 which sparked off the second highest nuclear threat of the Cold War.
Able Archer was a test of NATO's nuclear-release procedures, but the Soviets thought that Able Archer was a fake cover for a NATO attack. Unlike the Cuban crisis, Able Archer happened without most of the the world's awareness.
It was not until afterwards that the US realized how close it had come to nuclear war.